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*Part II Supplemental > General diagnosis (tongue, nose, nail, ear, lung, heart) > Flashcards

General diagnosis (tongue, nose, nail, ear, lung, heart) Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

Inflammation of connection between sternum and ribs, worsen with physical activity and increased pain while taking a deep breath.

A

Costochondritis

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2
Q

Palpable tenderness with constochondritis located at…

A

3rd, 4th, 5th costosternal articulation

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3
Q

Costonchondritis is similar to what condition and what is the difference?

A

Tietze Syndrome which affects only one articulation and radiates path.

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4
Q

Painful rash following the course of dermatome which is usually a single nerve.

A

Herpes zoster

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5
Q

Herpes zoster primarily involves…

A

DRG and CN V

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6
Q

Is a disiease which is abnormal collections of inflammatory cells (granulomas) form as a nodules and most often appears in lungs or lymph nodes

A

Sarcoidosis

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7
Q

Sarcoidosis most often seen in what population?

A

African American

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8
Q

Cancer of the lymphatic system that can spread to the spleen, presents with fever, night sweats, weight loss, INTENSE pruritis, release IgE, enlarged spleen

A

Hodgkin Lymphoma

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9
Q

Hodgkin is best diagnosed with

A

tissue biopsy

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10
Q

Hodgkin is MC in

A

young caucasian male

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11
Q

Chronic, progressive and frequently fatal genetic disease of the body’s mucous glands. The glands produce or secrete body’s mucous glands. Thick accumulation of mucous in the intestines and lungs.

A

Cystic Fibrosis

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12
Q

Loss of excessive amount of salt and cause PANCREATIC Insuffieciency

A

Cystic fibrosis

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13
Q

Destruction of elastic pulmonary connective tissue causing permanent dilation of alveoli sac.

A

Emphysema

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14
Q

Deficiency in Alpha 1 Antitrypsin

A

Emphysema

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15
Q

Emphysema fremitus etc

A

Decrease fremitus
Hyper resonant
Wheezing

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16
Q

Primary malignant lung tumor starting in BRONCHUS

A

Bronchogenic carcinoma

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17
Q

Consolidation of the lung, rusty brown color sputum, cough for around 10 days and fever

A

Lobar Pneumonia

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18
Q

Silouette Sign & Air Bronchogram

A

Lobar Pneumonia

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19
Q

Ghon’s lesion

A

TB

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20
Q

Most definitive test for TB

A

Sputum culture

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21
Q

Mantoux/ Tine Test, Purified protein derivative

A

TB

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22
Q

Decrease Fremitus

A

Air - Emphysema, Pneumothorax

Atelectasis, Pleurisy

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23
Q

Increase Fremitus

A

Pneumonia

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24
Q

Hyperresonant

A

Air - Emphysema, pneumothorax

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25
Hypo-resonant
Pneumonia | Atelectasis
26
Red jelly sputum, immuno compromised or old age
Klabsiella, Friedlander's Pneumonia
27
Caused by yeast or fungus, AIDS
Pneumocystis carinii | CMV is also in AIDS
28
Inflmmation of the pleura producing an exudative pleural effusion
Pleurisy
29
Patient presents with stabbing chest pain WORSENED with respiration. DRY COUGH
Pleurisy
30
Worsen with physical activity and pain increase while taking deep breath
Costochondritis
31
Positive Schepelmann
Pleurisy
32
Decreased chest expansion and can occur in young previously healthy individual. Ruptured lung causing air to be trapped in pleural space
Pneumothorax
33
Collapsed lung d/t BRONCHIAL OBSTRUCTION due to mucous plug
Atelectasis
34
Irreversible focal bronchial dilation that presents with chronic productive cough
Bronchiectasis
35
Bronchospasm constricting airways, Type I Hyper sensitivity,
ASthma
36
Increased IgE and Eosinophils
Asthma
37
Charcot laden crystals | Labs: Curshman spirals
Asthma
38
Quick, shallow inspiration followed by irregular period of apnea (no pattern)
Biots
39
Alternating period of Apnea and Hyperpnea. Respiratory acidosis
Cheyne Stoke
40
AKA Air hunger breathing
Kussmaul
41
First breathing is quick and shallow but as METABOLIC ACIDOSIS worsen in becomes slow, deep, and labored
Kussmaul
42
Spoon nail
Koilonychia
43
Iron deficiency anemia
Koilonychia
44
Nail base angle more than 180 degree. Early hypoxia, late COPD
CLubbing
45
Inflammation of nails near cuticle
Paronchya
46
Transverse ridging, ACUTE SEVERE DISEASE
Beau's line
47
Subacute bacterial endocarditis, strep organism (NAIL)
Splinter hemorrhage
48
Nail associated with unguinal and psoriasis
Pitted nail
49
Tounge condition associated with deficiency of Iron and B12
Atrophic Glossitits
50
Periorbital edema Macroglossia Loss of lateral 1/3 eyebrows
Myxedema/ Hypothyroidism
51
Decreased TSH, Increase T3 and T4
HYPOthyroidism
52
Disorder characterized by prostating vertigo, sensory hearing loss, tinnitus, feeling fullness in the ear
Menierre's
53
Noemal hearing Rinne air conduction vs bone conduction
AC > BC + Rinne
54
Conduction hearing loss Weber and Rinne
Weber lateralized to side involved | Rine AC
55
Sensory hearing loss Weber Rinne
Webter lateralized to side UNinvolved | Rinne AC> BC with less time in bad ear
56
Result from unresolved otitis media, effusion in the ear, and ruptured E. tube. It is chronic and fluid is amber with bubbles
Serous otitis media
57
Jugular venous pulsation measures which sides of the heart?
Right
58
Jugular venous pulsation can be made more pronounded when CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE is present, by....
Applying pressure in the liver (hepatojugular reflex)
59
"bounding" pulse, increased cardiac output, exercise, anxiety, fever, HYPERthyroidism
Pulsus magnus
60
Weak thready pulse, decreased stroke volume, HYPOovelemia, AORTIC STENOSIS, CHF
Pulsus Parvus
61
Pulse that alternates in amplitudes, LEFT VENTRICULAR FAILURE
Pulsus Alternans
62
Two strong systolic peaks separated by mid systolic dip. Best felt at carotid artery)
Pulsus Bisferiens
63
Pulsus Bisferiens indicates what condition
Aortic regurgitation and aortic stenosis
64
Pulse with Decreased amplitude on inspiration, increased on expiration (>10 mmHg amplitude change)
Pulsus Paradoxus
65
Pulsus paradoxus is present on what condition
COPD Emphysema Bronchial asthma Pericardial effusion
66
A jerky pulse that is rapidly increasing and then collapsing because of aortic insuffiency
Water hammer pulse
67
Systole
When ventricles contract
68
Diastole
Ventricles rest and they are filling
69
Closure of AV (mitral and tricuspid) valves
S1
70
AV valves
Mitral | Tricuspid
71
Closure of semilunar valves
S2
72
Semilunar valves
Pulmonic | Aortic
73
Ventricular gallop
S3
74
Normal in children, young adults, and athletes. In more than 40 years old, it is an early sign of CHF
S3 (ventricular gallop)
75
Similar to S3 and is related to stiffness or the ventricular myocardium to rapid filling
Atrial gallop or S4
76
Right sternal border at 2nd intercostal space. Best auscultated with patient leaning forward and exhaling
Aortic valve
77
Left sternal border and 2nd intercostal space
Pulmonic Valve
78
2nd intercostal space auscultation
Right: Aortic Left: Pumonic (semilunar valves)
79
Left sternal border at 3rd intercostal space
Erb's Point
80
LEFT sternal border at 4th or 5th intercostal space
TRICUSPID
81
MID-CLAVICULAR line at 5th intercostal space.
Mitral valve
82
5th intercostal auscultation
Left: Tricuspid (between 4th and 5th) middle: Mitral (AV Valves)
83
Mitral valve best auscultated in what position?
Left lateral decubitus
84
Valve has trouble opening and blood swirls through a narrow opening. This murmur has a LOW PITCH and is best heard with the bell of stethoscope
Stenosis
85
Valve is insufficient and blood seeps or squirts back into the chamber. This murmur is HIGH PITCH and best heard with diaphragm of stethoscope
Regurgitation
86
Mnemonic for heart murmurs is ARMS&PRTS which occurs in DIASTOLE
Aortic Regurgitation Mitral Stenosis Pulmonic Regurgitation Tricuspid Stenosis
87
Congenital heart defect with failure of shunt to close between aorta and left pulmonary artery creating a continuous machinery like murmur than can be heard in both phases of heart cycle
Patent ductus arteriosus
88
Congenital heart defect with - dextraposition or overriding or the aorta - right ventricular hypertrophy - interventricular septal defect - pulmonic stenosis Which creates a loud ejection murmur during systole and severe cyanosis
Tetralogy of Fallot
89
Congenital heart defect with proximal stenosis of subclavian artery. Seen in younger females who faint (syncope/ drop attacks) while exercising
Subclavian steal Syndrome
90
Subclavian steal syndrome is associated with what low pitched sound
Korotkoff

*Part II Supplemental (28 decks)

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