Random NBS notes Flashcards
1
Q
Lab for Myocardial Infarction
A
Troponin
CPK
SGOT
LDH
2
Q
AKA for angina
A
cardiac ischemia
3
Q
Risk test for inflammation of the arterial wall
A
CRP
4
Q
Heart sound S1
A
AV valves
5
Q
Heart sound S2
A
A&P valves
6
Q
Auscultation points for heart
A
Mitral = L 5th intercostal Tricuspid= L 4th Pulmonic= L 2nd Aortic= R 2nd
7
Q
1st and 2nd sign of heart failure
A
1st fatigue
2nd pitting edema
then check kidney function
8
Q
Walking pneumonia in adult
A
Pneumococcal pneumonia
9
Q
Foul sputum
A
Bronchiectasis (chronic infection)
10
Q
Rusty sputum
A
Pneumococcal pneumonia
11
Q
Currant jelly sputum
A
Klebsiella pneumonia
12
Q
Increased fremitus, dull percussion
A
Fluid: CHF, pulmonary edema, bacterial pneumonia
13
Q
Decreased fremitus, HYPER-resonant percussion
A
AIR: emphysema, pneumothorax
Atelectasis
Pleurisy
14
Q
Friction rub, normal xray, sudden onset
A
Pleurisy
15
Q
+ Schepelmann
A
Pleurisy
Increase pain when lean away from side involved
16
Q
Resonance percussion, normal fremitus
A
Asthma
Bronchitis
Pleural effusion
17
Q
Pink Puffer (Ballon Lungs)
A
Emphysema
18
Q
Blue Bloater
A
Chronic Bronchitis
19
Q
XRay: narrowed mediastinum, flatten hemidiaphragm and ribs, increased intercostal space
A
COPD
Emphysema
20
Q
Lipase Amylase test
A
Pancreatitis
21
Q
Arterial disease skin temperature
A
Cool
22
Q
Venous disease skin temperature
A
Warm
23
Q
Arterial dx skin color
A
Pale
Cyanotic
24
Q
Venous dx skin color
A
Normal
Rubor (cyanosis later)
25
Arterial dx vessel color
Red, tortuous
26
Venous dx vessel color
Blue, bulging
27
Arterial dx swelling
N/A
28
Venous dx swelling
Dependent (drains when elevated)
29
Arterial dx: Raynaud's phenomenon
Present
30
Venous dx: Raynaud's phenomenon
Absent
31
Arterial dx trophic changes
Hair loss
Thin skin (smoking)
Vit C
32
Venous dx trophic changes
```
Hair loss
Stusis dermatitis (bronze medial malleolus)
```
33
Arterial dx pulse
Weak
| Heavy legs=PAD
34
Venous dx pulse
Normal
35
Arterial dx valve incompetence
N/A
36
Venous dx valve incompetence
Present
37
Atherosclerosis cause increase or decrease of peripheral pulse?
Decrease
38
Male, lower extremities, smoker, VASCULAR CLAUDICATION, reversible
Buerger's / TAO (thrombo angiitis obliterans)
39
Buergers is arterial or venous disease?
BOTH
40
Bounding pulse, lateralizes, dissecting, immediate tearing pain
Aneurysm (arterial problem)
41
LBP (low back pain), decrease aortic supply to lower extremities, impotency in male
Leriche's
42
Coarction of the aorta ...... upper BP and ...... lower BP
Increase
| Decrease
43
Barium studies (which organs?)
Esophagus
| Stomach
44
Black urine
Alkaptonuria
45
Black urine is associated with what condition
ochronosis
46
Ketones in urine associated with
DM, starvation
47
Glucose in urine associated with
DM, shock
48
Frank blood in stool associated with
Lower GI
49
Occult blood in stool associated with
Upper GI
| GUAIAC test
50
Orange Urine
B Vitamins
51
Green Urine
Bilirubin
52
Red Urine, upper or lower tract?
Lower tract RBC
53
Smoky Urine, upper or lower tract?
Upper tract RBC
54
Stray/ Gray/ Clay color stool associated with
Biliary obstruction
| Check: GB, Pancreas, Liver
55
Lab test for kidney
BUN (Increase)
Creatinine (best)
Albumin globulin
UA
56
Lab test for Liver
```
BUN (decrease)
GGT
SGPT-ALT
LDH (tissue destruction)
Bilirubin
Albumin globulin
```
57
Downey cells
Mono
| Atypical lymphocyte
58
Paul Bunnell
| Heterophile agglutination
Mono lab test
59
Increase potassium lab
Addison's (hypoadrenocorticoids)
| Renal failure
60
Decrease potassium lab
Vomit
Diarrhea
Diuretics
61
What test measures electrical impulse in the brain?
| Used for seizure
EEG
62
Dye injected to ouline KUB system, which then identify obstruction. Used for kidney stone.
IVP (Intravenous Pyelogram)
63
IVP AKA
Helical CT
64
Culdoscopy
To view female pelvis, used for ovarian tumo
65
To see the size of heart chambers. Used for valve competency, CHF, AAA
Echocardiogram
66
Diagnostic ultrasound is used for
Water densities
| Aorta, pregnancy, bladder, VESSELS
67
Inject dye to subarachnoid space, provocation. Use for lateral recess
Myelogram
68
PNE, CNS, Radiculopathy special tests
EMG (muscle reaction)
| Dynamometer/ grip strength (muscle strength)
69
Best test to visualize disc leasion - discopathy
Discogram -- in neurosurgeon office
70
PET Scan purpose and condition
Metabolic activity in soft tissue
| Lymph and breast cancer
71
Bone Scan/ Scintigraphy purpose and condition
Metabolic activity in bone
| Lytic and blastic mets
72
MRI purpose
```
Soft tissue (spine)
Vascular patterns
```
73
MRI condition
```
Disc
Nerve
Brain
Stroke
Joint
Healing
```
74
CAT/ SPECT/ CT Purpose
Hard tissue (spine)
75
CAT/ SPECT/ CT condition
stenosis
fracture
bleeding (BLOOD)
lungs
76
Barium studies purpose and condition
To view lumen of GI tract
| Ulcers - esophagus and stomach condition
77
Cardiac stress test condition
Claudication, heart pain
78
Dermatomyositis
Rash in eyelid and knuckles
79
Squamous cell carcinoma
Flaky, irregular, bleeding
80
Erythema migrans
Lyme disease
| Central clearing
81
Acne vulgaris
Inflmmation of hair follicle, forehead, cheek, nose, chin
82
Actinic keratosis
hard, precancerous
83
Cellulitis
Staph/strep infection
| ER!
84
Spoon nail (Koilonychea)
Iron deficiency
| Fungus
85
Pitted nail is associated with
Psoriasis
86
Vertical lines on nail
aka spinter hemorrhage (SBE)
| - valve (heart) problem
87
Transverse grooves or lines on nails
Systemic disease
| Beau's line
88
Clubbing of nail is associated with
```
COPD
Arthritis
Cancer
Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy
CHF
RA
```
89
In older patients. Localized headache with increase ESR, associated with polymyalgia rheumatica, HTN, fever.
Confirmation test aspiration biopsy
Temporal arteritis
90
MC lung diease in elderly
Bacterial pneumonia
91
Referral for tempral arteritis
Ophthalmologist
92
Shuffling gait, resting tremor, cogwheel rigidity, bradykinesia are symptoms of...
Parkinsons
93
What condition cause Shepherd's crook deformity
```
Fibrous dysplasia (also saber shin)
Paget
```
94
Picture frame vertebra, bowing deformity, bone expansion, cortical thickening
Paget/ osteitis deformans
95
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism AKA
Renal osteodystrophy
96
Radiographic signs associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism
Rugger Jersey
Salth and pepper skull
Radial finger erosion
Vessel might calcified
97
Sandwich vertebra is associated with what condition?
Osteopetrosis (calcified cartilage causing unusually dense bone)
98
Pallegrini steida (from trauma, may reabsorb) management. Adjust or no?
Don't adjust right away, wait until completely healed or after surgery
99
Vessel calcification on xray is associated with what condition
Hypertension
Hyperparathyroidism/ Renal osteodystrophy
Prog. Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
100
Silouette sign is associated wtih
Bacterial pneumonia
101
Clay Shoveler's fracture
Avulsion fracture at C6-T1
102
Multiple block vertebra in the cervical
Klippel feil
103
Undecended scapula
Sprengel's deformity
104
Napoleon's hat/ Brailsford bow is associated with
Spondyloptosis
| Don't adjust
105
Spondylolisthesis MC location
L5
106
Spondy MC type
Isthmic (broken early in life from falling)
107
MC degenerative spondy level
L4
108
Spondy Type I
Dysplastic (congenital defect in pars)
109
Spondy Type II
Isthmic
110
Spondy Type III
Degenerative
111
Spondy Type IV
Traumatic
112
Spondy Type V
Pathological - disease causing pars defect
113
Spondy Type VI
Latrogenic - treatment induced
114
Spondy Type VII
Pending - Increased sacral base angle
Sagittal facets, trapezoid vertebra
Xray, MRI
115
Most common fracture
Clavicle
