Grammer 12

Question 1

When, by, if ……. will be able to do something
When I grow up I will be able to teach lessons.
Before or by next year you will be able to speak Mongolian. Before / by a given date

Answer 1

Даг болно
би том болоод хичээл заадаг болно.
дараа жил гэхэд та монголоор ярьдаг болно.
дараа жил гэхэд………….

Question 2

Something didn’t happen - simple past negative
Also carries the meaning of ‘unfortunately’
Bold didn’t come.
Yesterday the competition didn’t finish.
Before / by next year you will be able to speak Mongolian.

Answer 2

сангүй

болд ирсэнгүй.
Тэмцээн өчигдөр дууссангүй.

Question 3

something has just happened
Bold has just come.
Dad has just gone to Canada

Answer 3

V + лаа
болд сая ирлээ.
Аав Канад руу явлаа.

Question 4

Something happened in the unknown past.
Bold just came - didn’t know just heard.
Dad went to Canada.
Last night it rained a lot.

Answer 4

V + жээ чээ
болд сая иржээ.
Аав Канад руу явжээ.
Өнгөрсөн шөнө их бороо оржээ

Question 5

Would not do something again.
I would not read this book again.
I would not eat frog again.

Answer 5

хгүй байсан
би энэ номыг уншахгүй байсан.
Би мэлхий идэхгүй байсан.

Question 6

As or while doing something
Use on 1 subject and add a vowel before H
When using замдаа - aвах is used with this.
I like to eat food while I am watching TV.
Mum listens to music while mending clothes.
I want to go by our place on the way to the library.

Answer 6

нгаа4 \ х замдаа

Би хоолоо идэнгээ телевиз үзэх дуртай.
Ээж цамц нэхэнгээ хожим сонсдог
би номын санруу явах замдаа танайд очмоор байна.

Question 7

As or while - can be used with one or two
subjects. 1 sub - use reflexive on the end of зууд
2 sub - ыг is used on the first subject
I drank tea while reading the newspaper.
While I was drinking tea chemgee left.

Answer 7

V + x + зуур (aa)

Би цай уух зуураа сонин уншсан.
намайг цай уух зуур чимгээ явчихжээ.

Question 8

Without
He came and went without drinking his tea.
Dorj ate his meal without washing his hands.
Without…..
Without God’s spirit we can’t go through the day with God.

Answer 8

V + лгүй + V
Тэр ирээд цайгаа уулгүй явсан.
дорж гараа угаалгүй хоолоо идэв
N + гүй
Бид бураны сүнсгүй өдрийг өнгөрөөж чадахгүй.

Question 9

Without doing something or been able to do something.
He came without wanting to come.
He came and went without eating. (wanted to but no time.)

Answer 9

V + чадалгүй + V

Tэр хүн яаж ч чадалгүй иржээ.
Тэр хоол идэж чадалгүй ирээд явсан.

Question 10

Of course, sure (I can)
Yes of course - of course I know - Sure (I can)
Are you able to come for a lesson tomorrow? Sure (I can) come.
Can you translate this for me? - Sure (I can)

Answer 10

V + лгүй + яахав
бололгүй яахав - мэдэлгүй яахав - тэгэлгүй яахав
Чи маргааш хичээл ирэх үү? ирэлгүй яахав

Та энийг орчуулаад өгөөч? тэгэлгүй яахав