Hair Waving Flashcards
(114 cards)
1
Q
Three basic methods to style, perm or
straighten hair:
A
.
2
Q
The application of pomades and oils, or resin
based fixatives
A
.
3
Q
The use of chemical processes (cold
perming).
A
.
4
Q
Using heat from a comb, rollers or iron (hot
pressing)
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.
5
Q
Advantages and disadvantages of each: •Oil and resin based fixatives
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.
6
Q
Advantages and disadvantages of each: Hot combs and rollers:
A
L
7
Q
Advantages and disadvantages of each: Chemical processes:
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L
8
Q
you can change the style of hair as often as you like
A
;
9
Q
temporary, but last a little longer than using oils and resins
A
.
10
Q
act on hydrogen, salt and some S-bonds
A
.
11
Q
can cause hair damage and even skin burns if they are overused
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.
12
Q
the products will not do significant damage to the hair.
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.
13
Q
you can change the style of hair as often as you like
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.
14
Q
carry the risk of greater damage to the hair.
A
.
15
Q
Act on the S-bond and give the most permanent results
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.
16
Q
requires extensive alteration of the biochemical bonds in hair fibers
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.
17
Q
HAIR PERMING (PERMANENT WAVE)
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.
18
Q
bonds that keep the integrity and shape of the hair
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.
19
Q
For the hair shaft to change its shape, …….. need to be broken down and re-formed into a different pattern.
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.
20
Q
Chemical changes to the disulphide bonds are …….. and cannot be destroyed except by ……
A
.
21
Q
creates a permanent style in the existing hair but not in the new growing hair.
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.
22
Q
Perming process
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23
Q
The hair is first …..
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.
24
Q
The perm lotion is applied to the hair.
A
.
25
The alkalinity of the lotion (pH about 9) opens the ..... .....allowing the lotion to flow under the ......
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26
The reducer reacts with the keratin of the cortex, breaking some of
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The hair swells and 'softens', so that it can be
.
28
The softened hair is then put into its new shape using....
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29
The chemical process is then neutralized by extensive .........
L
30
The cysteine linkages realign themselves with,,l.
.
31
Perm shock
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32
After perming
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33
Once the perming solution has been put on,........
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34
The ....... is softened and swollen, the ..... is in the process of being chemically changed
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..... can damage the softened keratin and damage hair completely.
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36
After completing the perming process, ......
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37
It is important that the hair should not be shampooed during those few days
.
38
....... may interrupt this 'curing' process or even lead to hair breakage
0
.
39
Problems associated with permanent hair waving
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40
If the process is applied inappropriately:
L
41
It can cause moderate damage: the hair fiber appear as.....
;
42
If the damage is more severe, there may be........
.
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If the damage is very severe there may be significant.......
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44
This breakage can occur at the scalp surface so the breakage looks like hair loss
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45
Other problems include ....... if left on for too long or if you have sensitive skin.
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this may lead to an inflammatory skin reaction such as itching, redness, and even pain
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this skin reaction can send the hair follicles into a ......... resting state and the hair follicles may take ....... or longer to get back to normal.
L
48
it will be exacerbated.
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49
at this stage it can no longer take a perm because virtually all the disulphide bonds have been broken
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50
repeated perming will produce dry, damaged hair unless very expertly performed
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51
Hair breakage at the back of the neck associated ......
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52
Damaged hair repair
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cannot be repaired.
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54
There are however some treatments that can improve the look of the hair by using a.......
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These affect .........., and need to be repeated .....
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The only long term treatment is to get rid of damaged hair by
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57
HAIR STRAIGHTENERS
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58
Hair straightner preparations include:
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The chemical and physical processing are very similar to those used for
hair waving.
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60
Who want essentially kinky hair opened up and made more controllable.
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61
Hot pressing hair (straightening comb)
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Hot pressing process is achieved as following:
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First the hair is washed and dried.
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A small amount of pressing oil is combed through the hair to:
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.........lbreaks some of the biochemical bonds between and within the keratin proteins
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The tension applied to the hair during the combing procedure make .....
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The hair is kept straight during combing by the ........
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68
After the comb has passed through the hair, the temperature......
L
69
this allows the broken biochemical bonds in the hair to reconnect and fix their new position..
,
70
Types of chemicals used in perming and straightening products
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71
alkaline hydroxide creams
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72
ammonium or sodium bisulfite lotions.
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73
thioglycolate lotions or creams
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74
Hydroxide hair product (Caustic preparations)
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75
sodium hydroxide
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76
guanidine carbonate.
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Mechanism, process and adverse effects:
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They act by breaking the disulfide bonds in keratins.
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After perming or straightening is conducted, the chemical reaction is ........
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Because the chemicals involved are quite potent and act in a very short time, the chemicals should.........
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➢If the chemicals are left on the hair for too long, the hair may become
....
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The chemicals may cause....
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83
To avoid this, the scalp skin is usually covered with.....
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84
Because of these risks, the products are only found in the salon and are not generally available for use at home.
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85
Bisulfite hair straighteners
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It is popular with both salon professionals and for home use.
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Are quite effective and better than ........ and safer than ....... based products
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They work in the same way by breaking the disulfide chemical bonds in keratins.
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The lotion is applied to freshly .......
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90
The lotion is left in place for about .......and then combed for up to ....... to straighten the hair.
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The chemical is then washed out with lots of water
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A stabilizing solution is applied to trigger.........
.,
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......is applied as a final step.
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Thioglycolate products
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95
ammonium thioglycolate, ATG)
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The process needs ...... to make the hair pliable.
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The chemical process is then ........., usually by extensive washing with water and then application of .....
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98
They are very good at waving
L
99
not so good as hydroxide and bisulfite products at straightening.
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100
They are not quite so potent and quite so successful in breaking the biochemical bonds in the hair.
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101
Thioglycolate advantage
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Formulation Requirements:
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Formulating caustics requires considerable care to avoid ....
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104
....... should be neither an acid nor an ester nor should it be anionic (soap ) that may be salted out by the alkali.
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best formulated from wax like fatty alcohols with mineral oils and petrolatum jelly as protecting agent.
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is a type of lotion or cream generally used by people
| with curly-textured hair
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The active agent of relaxer ....
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The caustic relaxers are classified into two groups:
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lye
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No-lye
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111
ammonium thioglycolate
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ammonium sulfite and ammonium bisulfite
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113
potassium
| hydroxide
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114
guanidine hydroxide
.
