Oral Care Flashcards
(208 cards)
1
Q
ORAL CARE PRODUCTS (DENTIFRICES )
• They are intended for use with or without toothbrush for:
A
.
2
Q
Formulation Forms:
A
,
3
Q
Cleaning the teeth and mouth cavity
A
M
4
Q
Polishing the teeth surface
A
M
5
Q
Controlling caries
A
K
6
Q
Improving mouth odour and hygiene
A
K
7
Q
opaque pastes
A
K
8
Q
clear gels
A
K
9
Q
pastes with colored stripes
A
J
10
Q
part gel/part paste
A
J
11
Q
Powders
A
J
12
Q
liquids
A
K
13
Q
Toothpaste
A
M
14
Q
Consistency
A
J
15
Q
Density
A
K
16
Q
Viscosity
A
K
17
Q
Extrudability
A
M
18
Q
Abrasiveness
A
M
19
Q
semisolid that is normally extruded from a tube.
A
K
20
Q
The ideal consistency of a paste is:
A
K
21
Q
Soft enough to be squeezed easily from the tube
A
I
22
Q
Firm enough to hold its shape
A
K
23
Q
Do not sag into the bristles of the brush.
A
K
24
Q
The density is a function of :
A
K
25
the abrasive identity
K
26
the abrasive concentration
,
27
Concentration of the humectant and water content.
K
28
Silica-based pastes have a typical density of
| approximately 1.3; Calcium phosphate-and chalk- based pastes, usually about 1.5 to 1.6.
O
29
Toothpaste viscosities generally range from
| 150,000 to 300,000 centipoise.
K
30
is measured by the force
required to force the toothpaste out of its
tube.
K
31
Depends on the combination of the paste
| consistency and the tube diameter.
K
32
Hold its form as it
emerges from the tube. When applied to the
brush it should not sag between the bristles.
K
33
is the ability of the dentifrice to mildly abrade or clean the tooth surface
K
34
Ideally a dentifrice must be abrasive
| enough to:
K
35
clean well
K
36
remove food particles
K
37
remove superficial stains
K
38
polish the tooth surface.
K
39
Cleaning and Polishing:
K
40
The cleaning ability of a toothpaste is
| based largely on its .......
.
41
too
| abrasive materials may create ........
.
42
..... depends on the characteristics
of the polishing agent used-its particle size
, hardness, and crystal structure.
.
43
Abrasives with relatively high abrasiveness
| may or may not be good polishing agents.
,
44
Appearance
L
45
Foaming
,
46
desirable dentifrice should be smooth,
| uniform, and glossy.
K
47
Must be free from air entrapment and
| exhibit an attractive color.
,
48
Help suspend and foam away food particles
| loosened by the ....
L
49
Concentration must be sufficient to
| accomplish these tasks.
L
50
At the same time, the .... must rinse away
| quickly.
K
51
.......may interfere with the
| abrasive contact with the tooth surfaces.
.
52
Taste
M
53
```
........ are probably the
most noticeable aspects to the consumer
and the most important characteristic in
determining whether a consumer will
repurchase the product or not.
```
.
54
It is a combination of specific flavor and
concentrations, level of sweeteners, and
mouthfeel.
K
55
Ingredients
,l
56
Abrasives
L
57
Humectants
K
58
Sweeteners
K
59
Flavours
K
60
Surface-Active Agents
K
61
Water
K
62
Preservatives
K
63
Binders
K
64
Anti-caries agent
K
65
Desensitizing agents
K
66
Abrasives
K
67
to remove debris and residual stain from the teeth.
L
68
They are insoluble solids that provide cleaning and polishing of the teeth when
used with a toothbrush.
K
69
They generally constitute from 20% to 50% of the total formulation.
,
70
Abrasives
| The ideal one should be:
L
71
Not scratch the tooth enamel
M
72
Not react with other ingredients
.
73
Not spoil the taste or appearance of the finished product
L
74
Not segregate or lump on aging
K
75
Abrasives
L
76
Chalk or precipitated calcium carbonate
K
77
Calcium phosphate
K
78
Di calcium phosphate, dihydrate
,
79
Insoluble sodium metaphosphate
L
80
Silicas
,
81
Inexpensive
.
82
Impurities, • Abras. variability
,
83
Popular
,
84
Effective
L
85
Di calcium phosphate
K
86
Vary abrasive
F
87
Incompatible with some fluorides
D
88
Compatible with stannous fluoride
;
89
Incompatible with Sodium fluorides
P
90
Silicas
.
91
Popular
K
92
Good abrasive at low concentration
S
93
Minimal effect on the consistency of the paste
V
94
Has bleaching properties
F
95
Humectants
.
96
incorporated to prevent moisture loss and drying of dentifrices, as well
as to contribute to pleasant mouthfeel.
K
97
In opaque pastes they are generally employed in concentrations of 20% to 40%.
Clear gels are formulated with as much as 80%.
,
98
Humectants
Most frequently used are:
L
99
Sorbitol
L
100
Glycerin
L
101
Propylene Glycol
L
102
70% solution, contributes a feeling of coolness and moderate
| sweetness.
L
103
popular but contributes a sensation of warmth to the mouthfeel
M
104
more expensive than either sorbitol or propylene glycol
J
105
Used at levels of
| from 5% to 10%.
I
106
contributes excellent solvent properties,
K
107
but its low viscosity
| and bitterness limit its utility.
Kk
108
Sweeteners
K
109
Flavors
M
110
Surface-Active Agents
,,
111
Most dentifrice flavors are quite bitter and require the use of artificial sweeteners to
make them palatable.
J
112
In the USA, sodium saccharin is the only acceptable artificial sweetener, and it is
generally incorporated at 0.05% to 0.25%.
K
113
Are generally employed at levels of 0.2 % to 2.0 %.
J
114
peppermint
M
115
spearmint
K
116
wintergreen
K
117
strawberry
J
118
anise
M
119
Are foaming agents employed at levels of 0.5% to 2.0% to provide desired foaming
action.
J
120
sodium lauryl sulfate,
K
121
dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate.
M
122
Water
9
123
Preservatives
K
124
Binders,
L
125
The most popular binders are:
L
126
Is present in most dentifrice formulas as a solvent for soluble salts and
diluent to decrease raw material costs.
L
127
Only bacteria-free deionized water of high purity should be used.
.
128
Water levels above 20% may need a good preservative.
L
129
methyl- and propylparaben
,
130
sodium benzoate
L
131
The need for preservatives is considered minimal when the total water
content of the formulation is below 20%.
L
132
They are natural or synthetic gums, resins, or other hydrocolloids to
maintain the liquid and solid constituents in the form of a smooth paste.
L
133
They increase the viscosity of the liquid phase as well as the body of the
final formulation of tooth pastes , preventing liquid bleeding from the paste.
L
134
used in concentrations of 0.9% to 2.0% of the
| formulation.
L
135
Cellulose derivatives e.g.Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC).
,
136
Carrageenan
L
137
Gum tragacanth
L
138
Sodium alginate
,
139
Carbomer resins
L
140
Other Ingredients
L
141
Anti-caries agent:
M
142
sodium fluoride
K
143
stannous fluoride
,
144
sodium monofluorophosphate,
K
145
The concentration of fluoride ion in dentifrices is limited to a maximum of 1100
ppm in freshly prepared pastes and may not fall below 600 ppm within the shelf life
of the dentifrice.
K
146
Pharmacists and dental auxiliaries should remind their patients that
fluoride containing products, when brought into the home, present a potential
danger of poisoning
L
147
Desensitizing agents
M
148
decrease dentin hypersensitivity to pain Formaldehyde
L
149
Sodium citrate
L
150
Strontium chloride hexahydrate (Sensodyne)
K
151
Potassium nitrate. (Sensodyne)
K
152
Other agents:
K
153
Chlorhexidine gluconate
L
154
Sodium borate:
,
155
Sodium pyrophosphate
L
156
Sodium pyrophosphate
L
157
Hydrogen peroxide
K
158
germicidal used to treat gingivitis
K
159
Cleansing, brushing and antibacterial
K
160
tarter control agent by removing Ca and Mg from saliva preventing
deposition on teeth
K
161
prevent dental plaque formation and gingivitis.
L
162
for bleaching
,
163
In addition, dental preparations may contain therapeutic agents such as:
M
164
Analgesic
L
165
Antibiotics
L
166
Antihistamines
L
167
Anti-inflammatory agents
,
168
Hemostatic agents
L
169
Anesthetics
O
170
Types of Toothpaste
K
171
Cleansing toothpaste
K
172
Ammoniated toothpaste
L
173
Anti-enzyme toothpaste
L
174
Fluoride tooth paste
L
175
the simplest one
L
176
contain ammonia
compounds to neutralize acids produced in
dental plaque or inhibit their formation
L
177
contain hexokinase
inhibitor to reduce production of acids from
sugar breakdown e.g. sodium N. lauryl
sarcosinate
L
178
Fluoride tooth paste:
L
179
sodium fluoride,
K
180
stannous
| fluoride
.
181
prophylactic treatment of caries
L
182
..... can be administered both systemically
| and topically.
L
183
significantly reduces dental caries, eg, a
| 60% lower dental caries rate.
,
184
Fluoridated water
L
185
The same contents as tooth paste but without liquid ingredients or binder
L
186
Mouth Wash
| Types
L
187
Cosmetic MW:
.
188
Antibacterial MW
L
189
Astringent MW:
L
190
Deodorizing MW:
L
191
Therapeutic MW:
K
192
to clean mouth and
| teeth
L
193
as antiseptic for
| mouth cavity. E.g Phenol MW
K
194
to control bleeding.
,
195
Krameria MW
,
196
zinc sulphat
L
197
zinc
| chloride MW
L
198
contain
| antibacterial compounds
,
199
to treat pathological
| conditions
I
200
remove loose debris around the teeth.
L
201
oxygenating agents
L
202
hydrogen peroxide
K
203
sodium perborate
M
204
Arnosan
K
205
Vince
M
206
Proxigel
,
207
Glyoxide
;
208
Krameria Mouth Wash
.
