Testing Cosmetic Flashcards
(139 cards)
1
Q
SAFETY OF THE COSMETIC PRODUCTS
A
.
2
Q
Cosmetics should not ….. affect the human
health
A
.
3
Q
toxicological testing is needed
A
/
4
Q
EXAMPLES OF REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE USE OF HUMANS IN RESEARCH
A
/
5
Q
The Declaration of Helsinki (1964).
A
J
6
Q
Good Clinical Practice (GCP) for trials on medicinal products in the EU.
A
J
7
Q
National regulations regarding human studies.
A
J
8
Q
The health and welfare of subjects has the priority and must be highly protected.
A
J
9
Q
Historically most toxicological
data are generated by testing
on …
A
.
10
Q
Safety in animals does not
mean safety in humans
A
J
11
Q
Toxicity in animals does not
mean toxicity in humans
A
J
12
Q
…… testing may have limited predictive value
A
.
13
Q
vitro techniques, cell culture, tissue culture etc. )
A
M
14
Q
…. studies (and alternative techniques) are used to show that the substance being tested is expected to have high degree of safety
A
.
15
Q
Confirmatory safety testing in …. may be necessary
A
.
16
Q
Confirmatory tests in humans should not be expected to cause ….. toxicity
A
.
17
Q
TESTING FOR IRRITANT ACTION
• Two steps are followed:
A
.
18
Q
EVALUATION OF IRRITATION
A
L
19
Q
Consumer market surveillance
A
L
20
Q
Ingredient or mixture should be tested at ….. concentration
A
.
21
Q
Animals and in vitro techniques are used to prove
the ….. irritation potential
A
.
22
Q
Skin tolerability of the ingredient can be
confirmed by testing in …
A
.
23
Q
TESTS USED TO EVALUATE IRRITATION
Type:
A
.
24
Q
Open patch test
A
I
25
Closed patch test
J
26
Single and repeated exposure tests
I
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The choice of the test is based on the
J
28
This test involves application of the ingredient
(diluted or undiluted) under investigation on the
يشب هيطغا ام و هطحا
skin (without occlusion) for a period between 15
min to 24 hr
M
29
This test involves application of the ingredient
under investigation (diluted or undiluted) under
occlusive chamber for 24 - 48 hr
H
30
The test involves repeated application of the
ingredient under investigation to the same area of
the skin 1 - 7 times a week for 1-5 weeks (based
مادختسلا ةتقيرط بسح ىلع
on the expected use pattern)
J
31
EVALUATION OF THE IRRITATION
M
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Newer techniques such as measuring the
J
33
..... develops after exposure of a sensitized individual to a contact allergen
K
34
Contact allergen (haptens, low MW molecules) bind to skin component
J
35
The hapten-protein conjugate function as an ...
H
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This antigen is presented to the B-cells to
I
37
When a sensitized individual (with antibodies
against the hapten) is exposed to the hapten
again, ......is developed.
N
38
ANIMAL ASSAYS FOR SENSITIZING ACTION
I
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Guinea pig assay
M
40
The animal are treated with the test
| substance (by intra-dermal injection or patch )
J
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The animal develop specific sensitization in the
| following ...... if the substance is sensitizer
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After a period, the animal is
challenged with a .... of
the test substance. more response
K
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If the animal develops a response to the
| challenge, the animal is considered......
L
44
The Guinea Pig Maximization Test
K
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The Buehler Test
I
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It includes both intra-dermal and topical induction
| and closed challenge
J
47
```
Highly sensitive method
Widely used ( give valid result )
```
K
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It uses repeated closed topical induction and
| closed challenge
U
49
Less sensitive test
J
50
THE MOUSE ASSAY
J
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The Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA):
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alternative method to the Guinea pig test
U
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involves application of the test substance on the
| ear of the mouse.
U
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The response is measured by the degree of
| .....
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55
Shorter test duration
U
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Objective end point
U
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Utilizes less test substance
U
58
HUMAN ASSAYS
I
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A single induction single challenge patch test
| Schwartz-Peck Test
J
60
Human Repeated Insult Patch Test (HRIPT)
U
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Human Maximization Test
U
62
The performance of the different tests
| depends on a number of factors
U
63
Ten induction patches are applied on different skin
| sites for 24 hr every other day
H
64
After 2 weeks of the last induction patch a
| challenge patch is applied for 24 hr
U
65
CONCERNS REGARDING THE USE OF HUMANS IN SENSITIZATION TESTING
H
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Human sensitization tests are .... consuming and
| very ...
,
67
Ingredients identified as sensitizers in animal
| studies .... tested in humans
L
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The volunteers are at risk of developing adverse
| effects
J
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The animal tests used to evaluate the cutaneous
| sensitization potential is reliable for a ...
.
70
The animal assays performance may not be as
| reliable for a .....
.
71
PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF COSMETICS AND SKIN CARE PRODUCTS
K
72
The reactions depend on the condition of the skin ....
L
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Contact Dermatitis
,
74
Contact Urticarial Syndrome
L
75
is a general term that describes an
| inflammation of the skin
L
76
results from direct contact
| with one of many irritants or allergens
K
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The most common skin irritants include
K
78
Acids
I
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alkalies
J
80
detergents
U
81
solvents
J
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bath soap
I
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make-up removers,
I
84
shampoos
J
85
antiperspirants
J
86
permanent hair-
| waving solutions.
I
87
Repeated exposure to weak irritants (water,
detergents, abrasive dusts etc.) can have
cumulative effect and can cause....
L
88
is caused by reaction between the
| body’s immune system and the allergen.
K
89
It takes .......for the body to become
sensitized after the initial exposure to the
allergen.
M
90
This explains why some individuals can become
allergic to a substance after using for weeks
without problems.
K
91
COMMON CAUSES OF ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS
K
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Fragrances
K
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Cinnamic alcohol,
K
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cinnamic aldehyde,
J
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musk
J
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isoeuogenol
J
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increased pigmentation of
the affected skin, photodermatitis, or contact
dermatitis
M
98
Unscented doesn’t mean.....
.
99
Those who are allergic to fragrance should look
| for “fragrance-free” o....
.
100
Advise individuals to apply perfumes to their
| clothes not to their ...
.
101
Advise individuals not to apply ....
| perfumes to their skin on sunny days
.
102
Preservatives
L
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An individual who react to one preservative
| doesn’t necessary react to other preservatives
L
104
Parabens
M
105
quarternium 15,
I
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diazolidinyl urea,
I
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imidazolidynyl urea
K
108
Toothpaste and mouthwashes
M
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Bleaching or freckle cream
J
110
Sunscreen containing PABA
J
111
Face powders r
J
112
Lipsticks contain waxes and fats
J
113
cocoa butter
J
114
SYNTHETIC COSMETIC INGREDIENTS TO AVOID
K
115
Imidazolidnyl Urea and Diazolidinyl Urea
K
116
Methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl parabens
K
117
Petrolatum
K
118
Propylene glycol
K
119
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/polyvinyl acetate (PVA)
| copolymer
J
120
Sodium lauryl sulphate
K
121
...... lauryl sulphate is not carcinogenic, but it is
usually combined with TEA, and DEA which are
carcinogenic. So, it is recommended to add antioxidants
Vit C, or Vit A to products containing TEA, or DEA.
M
122
Synthetic colors
K
123
Colors used should be ....
L
124
FD&C Red No.40 (Orange-red)
K
125
DIAGNOSIS OF CONTACT DERMATITIS CAUSED BY COSMETIC PRODUCTS
K
126
This is usually done by ....
J
127
Chemicals are applied to the back in small
chambers or in circle of filter paper fixed with
adhesive tape
J
128
Patches are left for ....
K
129
SYMPTOMS
L
130
erythema, mild edema,
| desquamation, papules)
L
131
TREATMENT
L
132
In acute dermatitis, gauze dipped in water and
applied to the lesion for soothing and cooling effect.
Apply for ....
.
133
.... can be drained but the top should not be
| removed.
P
134
In severe cases, oral corticosteroids (prednisone 60
mg/day) ..... (if not
contraindicated)
K
135
........... are not effective in the acute
phase, but after the acute phase corticosteroid cream
or ointment can be applied ........
L
136
........ are not effective in the allergic
| contact dermatitis, but it helps in ....
,
137
Individuals with ICU may require antihistamines
| and s.c. epinephrine in severe cases.
M
138
Antihistamines: H1 histamine receptor
| antagonist.
K
139
Vasopressors: e.g. epinephrine to treat
| anaphylactoid reaction
J
