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Flashcards in headache 2 Deck (11)
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1
Q

what are the criteria for a migriane

A
At least 2 of the following:
1. unilateral
2. throbbing
3. worsened by movement
4. moderate to severe
PLUS 1 of the following:
nausea
vomiting
photophobia and phonophobia
2
Q

what are the aura characteristics

A
  1. positive aura - flickering lights
  2. negative aura - loss of vision
  3. speech disorders (like news broadcaster)
3
Q

what is specifically not characteristic of aura migraines

A

weakness

4
Q

what are the key signs for need to refer a headache to a physician

A
  1. systemic symptoms (fever, weightloss, HIV
  2. neurologic signs (double vision, hemisensory loss, hemiparesis)
  3. onset - worse headache of life or thunderclap (aneurism)
  4. old age - new onset after age of 50
  5. progression of existing headache disorder/ change in location or frequency
5
Q

what are some environmental triggers of migraines

A
tobacco
weather changes
strong smells
loud noises
flickering lights
6
Q

what are some foods that can cause migraines

A
alcohol
caffeine
chocolate
fermented food (aged cheeses)
nitrate foods (processed foods)
sweeteners
7
Q

what are some physiologic triggers of migraines

A
sleep 
fatige
menstruation
missed meals
prolonged exercise
stress
8
Q

why are menstrual migraines common

A

the low estrogen levels in first few days of cycle triggers a migraine

9
Q

what oral contraceptive puts estrogen in placebo week to alleviate menstrual migraines

A

Mircette

10
Q

what medications are associated with headaches

A
  1. vasodilator therapy
  2. SSRI’s
  3. niacin
11
Q

what are some common vasodilators that often cause headaches

A
  1. nitroglycerin
  2. hydralazine
  3. dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers