Heme Flashcards

1
Q

plasma cell mylignancy is known as:

A

Multiple Myeloma

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2
Q

tx for Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura:

A

usually self limiting

Steroids

IVIG

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3
Q

tx for Von Willebrand’s Disease is:

A

Desmopressin

Pressing Von Willibreands

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4
Q

vitamin which inhances the absorption of Iron is:

A

Vit. C

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5
Q

premature breakdown of RBC is known as:

A

Hemolytic Anemia

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6
Q

important maintance tx for pt with Sickle Cell Dz is:

A

Vaccination

Menigococcal

Pneumococcal

H. influenza

Influenza

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7
Q

Basophilic strippling is seen in:

A

lead poisoning

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8
Q

Cobalamin deficiency is seen in:

A

B12 deficiiency

CoB12alamin

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9
Q

Painless lymphadenopathy

Older patient

Chronic immunocompromised pt.

night sweats

A

Non-hodgkins lymphoma

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10
Q

Clotting factor 7 is extrinsic or intrinsic?

A

extrinsic = seven

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11
Q

Ferritin is:

A

stores iron in the liver

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12
Q

absorption of B12 requires binding to:

A

Gastric Instrinsic Factor

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13
Q

Coombs test is done to:

A

r/o autoimmune causes of RBC destruction (hemolytic anemia)

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14
Q

the mechanism of action of Von Willebrand factor:

A

attaches to platelletes causing agregation and adhesion

agregating and adhessive Von Willebrand

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15
Q

most common lymphoma in the young adults is:

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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16
Q

elements that decreases the absorption of Iron is:

A

Calcium

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17
Q

common manifistations of sickle cell Dz:

A

infections

pigmented gallstones

spenomegally

leg ulcers

dyctylitis

priapism

chronic osteomyelitis due to salmonella

renal failure

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18
Q

major adult hgb is:

A

Hgb A

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19
Q

Rouleax appearnce / stack of coins is seen in:

A

Multiple Myeloma

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20
Q

prolifiration of B lymphocytes is present in

A

CLL

B lymphocytic CLL

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21
Q

significant lab finding in CML is:

A

increased WBC

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22
Q

most lympomas are

A

Non Hodgkins

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23
Q

Adult with Sickle Cell Dz.

acute chest pain

wheezing

A

Acute Chest Syndrome

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24
Q

tx of Fe deficiency

A

oral Ferrous Sulfate 325 mg

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25
Transition of CML to ALL is known as:
**Blast Crisis**
26
**autoimmune destruction of platelets** after a recent infection is idicative of:
**Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura**
27
**spherical** RBC **spherocyte** seen on smear are indicative of:
Hereditary spherocytosis
28
**Hgb H disease** is:
Alpha thalassemia with 3 out of 4 genes being abnormal H disease = alpha thalassemia **(HA)**
29
most common cause of Iron deficiency anemia:
**GI bleed** **Menstral cycle**
30
Thrombocytopenias that will produce **Shistocytes**:
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
31
most common inherited bleeding disorder is:
**Von Williebrand Disease**
32
most sever type of B Thalassemia is:
**Cooley's anemia** - B-Thalassemia major
33
Spontanious hemathrosis (bleeding into joins) is a sign of:
Hemophilia
34
Philadelphia Chromostome abnormality (9 & 22) is a sign of:
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia **CML=Philadel**
35
Most common cause of **microcytic anemia** is:
**Fe** deficiancy
36
MoA of Desmopressin is:
**stimulation** of **Von Willebrand** factor secretion ***Desmopressin stimulates Von Willebrnand to secrete factors***
37
tx for B-Thalassemia Major is:
chronic transfussion with Iron chelation to avoid hemochromotosis
38
**Elevated Homocysteine and normal methylmalonic** levels are indicative of:
**Folic Acid** deficiency
39
**Hymolytic anemia** will show what ritculocyte count?
high reticulocytes RPI\>2
40
abnormal bleeding parameter in Hemophelia is:
PTT
41
Alpha and Beta Thalassemia what ethnic groups?
**Alpha \> Asian** **Beta \> Meditrrenia**
42
Methylmalonic Acid is or is not elevated in folace deficiency anemia?
Folate deficiency = normal Methlmalonic Acid
43
BCR/ABL gene detected
CML
44
facial malformations, cognitive delays, severe anemia, bone disease/osteopenia corresponds to what type of **Beta Thalassemia**?
**Beta - Thalassemia Major** **(Cooley's anemia)**
45
sicle cell dz pt should take what suppliment?
folic acid
46
**Smudge** cell are seen in:
**CLL** **smudge CLL**
47
Deficiency of Folic Acid is connected to:
Alco**Folic** abuse
48
**Schilling** test differentiates:
problems w B12 **instrinsic factor (pernicious anemia)** from other causes of B12 deficiency
49
pt with meditranian origin have higher risk of developing what kind **Thalassemia?**
Beta - Thalassemia ## Footnote **Meditrenian Beta**
50
Anemia of Chronic Disease will produce
**Normocytic Anemia**
51
**HyperSegmented Neutrophils** are seen in:
**B12** anemia ## Footnote **hypersegmented B12**
52
**Favism** is:
intravascular hemolysis caused by ingestion of **Fava beans**
53
Sickle Cell Anemia is diagnosed with:
Electrophoresis
54
**Thalassemia** will produce what kinds of anemia?
Microcytic
55
Thrombocytopenia which is caused by: pregnancy HIV Cyclosporins Quinidine
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)
56
**pain in the lymph nodes after alchohol** is seen in:
Hodgkins Lymphoma
57
drugs that induce **hemolytic anemia** through **oxidative stres**s in pt with G6PD:
Antimalaria: -quine-, **daspone** ASA Sulfa Nitrofurantoion
58
**Hgb A** is made of:
2 alpha chains + 2 beta chains
59
Howell-Jolly bodies are seen in
Sickle Cell Dz ## Footnote **Jolly Sickle**
60
fast **bone marrow failure** with blast seen on the smear is indicative of:
**acute leukemia**
61
common deficiency seen in pt with Sickle Cell Dz is:
**Folic Acid** **sickle folic acid deficiency**
62
**Auer Rods** are seen in:
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
63
**Pernicious Anemia** reffers to:
autoimmune attack on gastric instrinsic factor causes malabsorption of **B12**
64
side effect of methotrixate is:
folic acid antagonist will produce megaloblastic anemia.
65
Most common type of leukemia is:
**Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia**
66
sx of Hodgink's lymphoma
night sweats
67
Tx of Anemia of Chronic Dz:
**Erythropoietin** (stimmulate bome marrow to produce) RBC
68
Lab values in Anemia of Chronic Disease | (Fe, Ferritin, Reticulocytes)
low Fe hight Ferritin low Reticulocytes
69
abnormal coagulation after a serious injury, sepsis, burns, truama is known as:
**Disseminated Intravscular Coagulation (DIC)**
70
**Chronic Microcystic Anemia** with **various severity** of sx is seen in what Alpha Thalassemia?
**Hemoglobin H disease**
71
Acute Sickle Cell Anemia is precipitated by:
Infection Stress Dehydration High altitude Hypoxia low pH
72
what effect Hashimoto Dz (Hypothyroidism) will have on hememotology:
**Development of Pernicious Anemia**
73
**Bence-Jones** protein seen in urine is a sign of:
Multiple Myeloma ## Footnote **Multiple Bence-Jones**
74
Neurolgocial sx are present in what type of Macrocytic Anemia:
**B12** deficiency
75
Hereditary spherocytosis is:
dominant disorder resutls in spherocytic RBC which are being destryed by spleen **LEADS to: hemolytic anemia.**
76
Anemica of Chronic Disease is caused by:
**Inflammation**
77
Conditions where bone marrow does not produce WBC, RBC, Pletallets (**all cell lines are deminished**) is known as:
**Aplastic Anemia**
78
D dimers will be ______ in **Dissemented Intravascular Coagulation**
**elevated D dimers**
79
presentation of **Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura** (TTP)
**FAT\_RN** Fever Anemia Thrombocytopenia Renal sx Neurological sx
80
pt with Sickle Cell Dz are prone to what types of microrganisms?
**Encapsulated**
81
**I**solated **T**hrombocytopenia in **P**eds recent viral infection petechial hemorrhage mucosal bleeding
**Immune/idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)** **I**solated **T**hrombocytopenia in **P**eds = ITP
82
which factors are missing in Hemophilia A & B
**Hem A - factor 8** **Hem B - factor 9**
83
Most common Leukemia in children
**Acute Lymphocytic Leukiemia** (ALL) ## Footnote **ALL CHILDREN**
84
**blast** seen on the smear is indicative of:
acute leukemia
85
**Ebstain Bar** virus is linked to:
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
86
**Methylmalonic** Acid elevated only in:
**B12 **deficiency
87
child with sickle cell dz. acute LUQ pain Spleenomegaly Fever State of shock all indicated of:
**Spleenic Sequestration Syndrome**
88
lab values seen in **Hemolytic anemia**:
**high** LHD **high** indirect bilirub **reduced** haptaglobin
89
presence of **Hemoglobin S** is indicative of:
**Sickle Cell Dz** Hgb **S** = **S**ickle cell dz.
90
neuro sx seen in B12 deficiency:
paresthesias gait disturbance vibratory sence
91
Acute Leukemia seen in adults is known as:
**Acute Myeloid Leukemia** **M**yeloid - **Mature adults** **L**ymphocitic - **Little children**
92
**+ Coombs** test is indicative of:
**atibodies** that attach to and destroy RBC
93
tx for Spherocytosis is:
spleenectomy
94
Loss of all 4 alpha chain hgb genes results in:
hydrops fetals
95
Neurolgocial sx are **NOT** present in what type of Macrocytic Anemia:
**Follic Acid Deficiency**
96
**Bite** Cells **Heinz** bodies are indicative of:
**G6PD** **Heinz Bite Glucose 6 PD**
97
**Reed Sternberg** cells are indicative of:
Hodgkins Lymphoma
98
pt presents with **pancytopenia** severe: anemia **(anemia)** bleeding **(thrombocytopenia)** infection **(leukopenia)**
**Aplastic Anemia**
99
**B12** is absorpbed in:
***terminal ileum***
100
Reduction in RBC production by bone marrow is seen in:
Anemia of Chronic DZ
101
**Lytic bone** lesions seen on X ray is indicative of:
**Multiple Myeloma**
102
**F**ever **A**nemia **T**hrombocytopenia **R**enal impairment **N**eurologic abn **FAT\_RN** **presentation of:**
**Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)**
103
low Hgb A high Hgb F high Hgb A2 indicative of:
**Beta Thalassemia**
104
**G6PD** is often seen in:
African American Asian Meditranians
105
tx for CML is:
**Imatinib** (tyrosine kinase inhibitor))
106
when switching from IM dosage of 1000 **Cobalamin (B12)** to oral, the dosage needs to be:
doubled to **2000 units.**
107
**_Favism_** is seen in pt with:
**G6PD**
108
**factor V lieden** mutation results in:
**HyperCoagulation** DVTs PE
109
**Positive Osmotic Fragility** test is indicative of:
**Hereditary Spherocytosis**
110
**earliest & best** indicator of Fe deficiency is
**low Ferritin**
111
what hemoglobin changes occure in **Sickle Cell anemia**:
hgb **Beta** is subtituted with hgb **S**
112
condition that cause **B12** deficiency:
Vegans (intake of meat) Gastrectomy (absroption) Chron's Dz (absorption) Instrinsic Factor
113
reduced **heptaglobin** is a sign of:
Hemolytic anemia
114
elevated Ferrotin Chronic inflamation Hepcidin and inflammatory cytokine (IL6) low Fe indicative of:
**anemia of chronic disease**
115
complete lack of beta hgb chains is known as:
**Cooley's anemia** - Beta Thalassemia major
116
Positive **Schilling Test** is indicative of:
**B12** deficiency
117
organism commonly found in pt. **with sicle cell dz**?
**Step Pneumonia** **H. Influenza** **Salmonella** **Parvovirus 19**
118
Methylmalonic Acid elevated in _____ anemia while Homocystine is elevated in _________ anemia.
**Meathlmalonic** \>**B12** **Homocystine**\> B12 **_and_** Folate
119
Restless leg syndrome is seen in what deficiency?
Iron
120
prophylactic tx of children who had spleen removed due to Sickle Cell Diz is:
daily peniciilin
121
Spleen is responsible for production of what antibodies?
**IgM** | (opsonize encapsulated bacteria)