Flashcards in Heme/Onc Deck (36):
1
Elderly M with hypochromic microcytic anemia is asxic. Dxic tests?
FOBT and sigmoidoscopy; suspect CRC
2
Precipitants of hemolytic crisis in pts with G6PD deficiency
Sulfonamides, antimalarial drugs, fava beans ("HEMOLYSIS IS D PAIN And No Fun")
3
MC inherited cause of hypercoagulability
Factor V Leiden mutn
4
MC inherited bleeding d/o
von Willebrand's dz
5
MC inherited hemolytic anemia
Hereditary spherocytosis
6
Dxic test for hereditary spherocytosis
Osmotic fragility test
7
Pure RBC aplasia
Diamond-Blackfan anemia
8
Anemia a/w absent radii and thumbs, diffuse hyperpigmentation, café au lait spots, microcephaly, and pancytopenia
Fanconi's anemia
9
Meds and viruses that lead to aplastic anemia
Chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, radiation, HIV, chemo, hepatitis, parvovirus B19, EBV
10
How to distinguish polycythemia vera from 2˚ polycythemia
-Both: increased Hct and RBC mass
-Polycythemia vera: normal O2 sat, low EPO levels
11
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) pentad
"FAT RN": Fever, Anemia, TCP, Renal dysfcn, Neurologic abnlities
12
HUS triad
Anemia, TCP, acute renal failure
13
Tx for TTP
-Emergent large-volume plasmapheresis
-Corticosteroids
-Antiplatelet drugs
14
Tx for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in kids
-Usually resolves spontaneously
-May require IVIG and/or corticosteroids
15
Which of the following are increased in DIC: fibrin split products, D-dimer, fibrinogen, plts, Hct
-Elevated: fibrin split products, D-dimer
-Decreased: plts, fibrinogen, Hct
16
8 yo M presents with hemarthrosis and increased PTT with normal PT and bleeding time. Dx? Tx?
-Dx: hemophilia A or B
-Tx: consider desmopressin (for hemophilia A) or factor VIII or IX supplements
17
14 yo F presents with prolonged bleeding after dental surgery and with menses. Nl PT, nl or increased PTT, and increased bleeding time. Dx? Tx?
-Dx: von Willebrand's dz
-Tx: desmopressin, FFP, or cryoprecipitate
18
4 causes of microcytic anemia
"TICS": Thalassemia, Iron deficiency, anemia of Chronic dz, and Sideroblastic anemia
19
60 yo AAM presents with b. pain. W/u for multiple myeloma might reveal ___.
Monoclonal gammopathy, Bence Jones proteinuria, "punched-out" lesions on XR of skull and long bb.
20
Reed-Sternberg cells
Hodgkin's lymphoma
21
10 yo M presents with fever, wt loss, and night sweats
Exam: anterior mediastinal mass
Suspected dx?
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
22
Microcytic anemia with
-Decreased: serum iron, TIBC
-Normal or increased: ferritin
Anemia of chronic dz
23
Microcytic anemia with
-Decreased: serum iron, ferritin
-Increased: TIBC
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA)
24
80 yo M presents with fatigue, LAD, splenomegaly, and isolated lymphocytosis. Suspected dx?
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
25
Lymphoma equivalent of CLL
Small lymphocytic lymphoma
26
Late, life-threatening complication of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
Blast crisis (fever, b. pain, splenomegaly, pancytopenia)
27
Auer rods on blood smear
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
28
AML subtype a/w DIC
M3
29
Lyte ∆s in tumor lysis syndrome
-Decreased: Ca2+
-Increased: K+, phosphate, uric acid
30
Tx for AML M3
Retinoic acid
31
50 yo M presents with early satiety, splenomegaly, and bleeding. Cytogenics show t(9;22). Dx?
CML
32
Heinz bodies
Intracellular inclusions seen in thalassemia, G6PD deficiency, and post-splenectomy
33
AR d/o with a defect in the GPIIbIIIa platelet R and decreased plt aggregation
Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
34
Virus a/w aplastic anemia in pts with sickle cell anemia
Parvovirus B19
35
25 yo AAM with sickle cell anemia has sudden onset of b. pain. Management of pain crisis?
-O2
-Analgesia
-Hydration
-Transfusion (if severe)
36