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Herb-Drug Rxns Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

Bai Mao Liang (Goldenseal) interacts with which types of meds?

A

Anticoagulants
Warfarin
Heparin

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2
Q

What may happen if Bai Mao Liang (Goldenseal) interacts with anticoagulants?

A

Increased risk of thrombo-embolism

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3
Q

Ju Hua interacts with these three medications:

A
  1. Barbiturates
  2. Fe supplements
  3. Anticoagulant: Warfarin
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4
Q

Ju Hua interaxn w/ Barbiturates = ?

A

Intensified/ prolonged effects of sedatives

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5
Q

Ju Hua interaction with Fe supplement = ?

A

Ju Hua reduces absorption of Fe

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6
Q

What happens when Ju Hua is mixed with Warfarin?

A

Increased bleeding

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7
Q

Echinacea may react with these medications:

A
  1. Immunosuppressants
  2. Amiodarone, anabolic steroids, ketoconazole, methotrexate
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8
Q

Why does echinacea counteract immunosuppressants?

A

strengthens T-cells, which antagonizes immunosuppressants

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9
Q

Ma Huang interacts with these stimulants by increasing stimulating effects

A

Epinephrine
Pseudophedrine
Phenylpropanolamine

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10
Q

What class of antidepressants does Ma Huang interact with?

A

MAOIs

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11
Q

What happens when Ma Huang reacts with MAOIs?

A

Intensifies medication effect and side effects (stomachache, H/A, tremor, HTN)

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12
Q

Xiao Bai Ju (Feverfew) interacts with these five different medication types

A
  1. Antimigraines - increases stimulating effect of med
  2. Antiplatelets - inc. bleeding
  3. Fe Supplements - dec. Fe absorption
  4. NSAIDs - prevents medication effect
  5. Warfarin - inc. bleeding
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13
Q

Da Suan complements what kind of medications?

A

Antihypertensives

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14
Q

What reaction does Da Suan have with antiplatelet drugs and Warfarin?

A

Increased bleeding

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15
Q

Da Suan may react negatively with HIV medication (protease inhibitors) in what way?

A

Reduce protease effect

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16
Q

Ginger, Gingko, Garlic, and Ginseng all react with Warfarin in what way?

A

Increase bleeding

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17
Q

People prone to seizures or who have epilepsy and are on anticonvulsants should avoid what “memory” herb?

A

Gingko

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18
Q

Gingko, Ma Huang, Ren Shen, Gan Cao, and St. John’s Wort all increase the side effects of which class of antidepressants?

A

MAOI

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19
Q

Ren Shen increases bleeding when taken with these two types of medications

A
  1. Anticoagulants (Warfarin)
  2. NSAIDs
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20
Q

Why should someone w/ diabetes and Rx’ed Glipizide avoid taking Ren Shen?

A

Ren Shen may increase hypoglycemia

(BC Ren Shen on its own can be used as an antidiabetic herb)

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21
Q

What reaction does Ren Shen have with Corticosteroids?

A

Inc. adverse effects of anti-inflammatories

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22
Q

Adverse effect of Ren Shen and Digoxin?

A

Ren Shen may increase blood digoxin levels and lead to irregular heart beats, fatigue, N/V, seizures

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23
Q

Ginseng may increase the adverse effects of what hormone?

A

Estrogen

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24
Q

Ginseng may reduce the effectiveness of this highly addictive class of painkillers?

A

Opioids

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25
Green Tea taken with Warfarin may increase the risk of?
Thromboembolism
26
Kava may increase the sedative effects of these two classes of medications
Benzodiazepines Barbiturates
27
Gan Cao should not be taken with these two heart medications
1. Antiarrhythmics - Inc. abnormal HT rhythm 2. Digoxin - increases digoxin toxicity
28
Gan Cao increases K+ when taken with _ and decreases K+ when taken with _
Increases K+ w/ Diuretics Decreases K+ w/ Digoxin
29
Milk Thistle, like Ren Shen, may intensify this effect when taken with an antihyperglycemic medication?
Increase hypoglycemia
30
In HIV patients, Milk Thistle may decrease the efficacy of this class of medications by lowering the blood level of the drug in the system
Protease Inhibitors
31
Saw Palmetto may decrease the levels of what hormone in the body?
Estrogen
32
As an anti-estrogenic herb, _ should not be taken with oral contraceptives, estrogen, or during pregnancy?
Saw Palmetto
33
St. John's Wort should not be taken with which organ transplant/ immunosuppressant drug?
Cyclosporine?
34
St. John's Wort is contra with these classes of antidepressants:
1. SSRIs 2. MAOIs 3. Tricyclic Antidepressants
35
St. John's Wort cannot be taken with Warfarin as it increases the risk of ?
Thromboembolism
36
Reaction of St. John's Wort and Digoxin?
SJW increases digoxin toxicity
37
St. John's Wort reacts negatively with these two drug classes typically Rx'ed as first line antiretrovirals?
NNRTIs Protease Inhibitors
38
How does St. John's Wort react with oral contraceptives?
SJW reduces effectiveness
39
Valerian, like Kava, should not be taken with these sedative drug classes?
Barbiturates Benzodiazepines
40
How does a high protein diet affect the metabolism of drugs?
In general, high-protein meals may help to increase drug absorption
41
Grapefruit may inhibit or slow the metabolism of these drug types:
1. Statins 2. Calcium Channel Blockers 3. Anticoagulants 4. Antiplatelet drugs 5. Cyclosporine/ Immunosuppressants 6. more
42
These three mineral deficiencies may lead to impaired drug metabolism
Ca++ Mg++ Zn
43
This vitamin deficiency may particularly affect drug metabolism in the elderly
Vitamin C
44
Why is Bai Shao cautioned when taken with sedatives?
Bc Bai Shao is also sedative and can increase sleeping time induced by barbiturates
45
Bai Shao is cautioned with what classes of clot preventing pharmaceuticals?
Anticoagulants Antiplatelets
46
Bai Shao, Cang Er Zi, Zhi Mu, and Niu Bang Zi have a synergistic effect with insulin, sulfonylureas, tolbutamide, glipizide, and glyburide, and may therefore lead to (-)
Hypoglycemia
47
This clear heat, relieve toxicity herb may potentiate anticoagulants and antiplatelets
Ban Lan Gen
48
This laxative herb may decrease potassium levels when used chronically, or in high doses.
Da Huang
49
Dan Shen Yin, Hong Hua, and Pu Huang may have a synergistic effect with which classes of clot preventing pharmaceuticals?
Anticoagulants Antiplatelets
50
Dang Gui may potentiate the effects of which classes of clot preventing pharmaceuticals?
Anticoagulants Antiplatelets
51
Concurrent use of Fu Ling with (-) this class of drugs may lead to hyper elimination of water and electrolytes
Diuretics
52
Fu Zi affects muscle contraction and heart rate and should therefore be avoided in patients who are taking what class of pharmaceuticals?
Antiarrhythmics
53
Gan Cao may increase blood pressure and fluid retention when used with what kind of medication?
Oral Contraceptives
54
Large amounts of Gan Cao may react with this class of drugs and may thus lead to loss of potassium in the body
Diuretics
55
Gan Cao may alter the therapeutic effects of this class of drugs used for allergy and respirology medicine, Addison's disease and other adrenal diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, among other conditions.
Corticosteroids
56
The cardioglycoside, Digoxin, which has been getting phased out due to hypertoxicity, within the past few years, must be cautioned when taken with which sweet, Qi tonifying herb, as well as, this herb that relieves food stagnation
Gan Cao Shan Zha
57
What herb can expedite the metabolism of certain drugs such as cocaine, picrotoxin, caffeine, nicotine, and barbiturates, thus may actually help with a potential overdose of those substances?
Gan Cao
58
Ge Gen has been studied for its potential use of reducing cravings for what substance?
Alcohol
59
Gui Zhi may lead to an increased elimination of water and/or electrolytes when used with this class of drugs
Diuretics
60
Hu Jiao (black pepper) may increase the absorption of this beta blocker, which may lead to increased effects/ side effects.
Propranolol
61
Huang Qin may have a synergistic effect with this class of drugs, which may make them useful against beta-lactum-resistant *S. aureus* and methicillin-resistant *S. aureus*
beta-lactum antibiotics
62
Shigella bacteria, *S. aureus*, and b-hemolytic streptococus may be inhibited by which cool, acrid surface releasing herb
Ju Hua
63
Long Dan Cao and Zhi Zi can lead to prolonged sedation when used with
Sedatives - barbiturates, antihistamines, analgesics, benzodiazepines
64
Long Dan Cao may lead to hyper elimination of water or electrolytes when used with
Diuretics
65
Long Dan Cao may lead to hyper sedation and drowsiness when used with this type of analgesic
Narcotic
66
Several studies have shown that drinking this herb may lead to weight loss. However caution is advised when using with caffeine or ephedrine, as the weight loss may be too much, along with other effects such as insomnia, agitation, and tremors.
Lu Cha
67
This herb may be helpful when co-administered with chemotherapy, as it may decrease resistance to chemo drugs and may preserve CD3/CD4 activity with positive effects on survival
Ren Shen
68
San Leng and E Zhu promote blood circulation and should therefore be cautioned with which classes of clot preventing drugs?
Anticoagulant Antiplatelet

CALE STUDY (20 decks)

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