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PBL Pharm Block 3 > High-Yield One-Liners > Flashcards

High-Yield One-Liners Flashcards

1
Q

Selective B1 Receptor blockers that may be useful in treating cardiac conditions in patients with asthma

A

Acebutolol, atenolol, esmolol, metoprolol

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2
Q

These agents decrease blood flow or increase blood pressure, are local decongestant, and used in therapy of spinal shock (temporary maintenance of blood pressure which may help maintain perfusion)

A

Alpha1 agonists

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3
Q

Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia

A

Atropine and other anti-muscarinic agents

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4
Q

Treat manifestations of Parkinson’s disease and EPS

A

Benztropine, trihexyphenidyl

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5
Q

This agent has greater affinity for muscarinic receptors and used for postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention

A

Bethanechol

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6
Q

MOA action of cromolyn

A

Blocks opening of Cl channels to prevent mast cell degranulation

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7
Q

Toxicity of cholinergics

A

DUMBELSS (diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchoconstriction, excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS, lacrimation, salivation, and sweating)

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8
Q

Alpha 1 agonist toxicity

A

Hypertension

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9
Q

Bronchodilation in asthma and COPD

A

Ipratropium, tiotropium

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10
Q

Muscarinic antagonist used in COPD

A

Ipratropium, tiotropium

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11
Q

Selective Alpha 1 blocker used for hypertension, BPH, may cause first dose orthostatic hypotension

A

Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin

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12
Q

Treatment of motion sickness

A

Scopolamine

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13
Q

This beta blocker lacks local anesthetic activity (decreases protective reflexes and increases the risk of corneal ulceration) and used in treating glaucoma

A

Timolol

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14
Q

These Beta blockers decrease aqueous secretion

A

Timolol (nonselective), betaxolol (selective)

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15
Q

Pneumonic for beta receptors

A

You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)

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16
Q

SE of long term (>5 days) corticosteroid therapy and remedy

A

Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly, respectively

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17
Q

Acetaminophen only has what activity?

A

Antipyretic and analgesic activity

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18
Q

Some side effects of corticosteroids

A

Hyperglycemia, Osteopenia, impaired wound healing, inc. risk of infection, inc. appetite, HTN, edema, PUD, euphoria, psychosis

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19
Q

Agent used for closure of patent ductus arteriosus

A

Indomethacin

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20
Q

Antidote for acetaminophen toxicity

A

N-acetylcysteine

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21
Q

Used in pediatrics to maintain patency of ductus arteriosis

A

PGE1 (Alprostadil)

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22
Q

Prostaglandin used as 2nd line treatment of erectile dysfunction

A

PGE1 (Alprostadil)

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23
Q

Inhibitor of lipoxygenase

A

Zileuton

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24
Q

Captopril and enalapril (-OPRIL ending) are

A

ACE inhibitors

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25
Diuretic used as prophylactic for mountain sickness and glaucoma
Acetazolamide
26
Losartan and valsartan block
AT1 receptors
27
Cardioselective Beta 1-blockers
Atenolol, acebutolol, and metoprolol
28
Reduce heart rate, contractility, and O2 demand
Beta-blockers
29
SE of beta blockers
Bradycardia, SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION, decrease in HDL, and increase in Triglycerols (TG)
30
An electrolyte that is lost in the urine by acute treatment with loop diuretics but can be retained by thiazides
Calcium
31
SE of CCB
Constipation, edema, and headache
32
Side effect associated with ACEI but not ARBs
Dry cough
33
SE of ACE inhibitors
Dry cough, hyperkalemia
34
Site of action of thiazide diuretics
Early distal convoluted tubule
35
Methyldopa is contraindicated in
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
36
Side effect of spironolactone
Gynecomastia hyperkalemia, and impotence
37
Side effects of loop (furosemide) diuretics
Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis and ototoxicity
38
Side effects of thiazide (HCTZ) diuretics
Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia
39
Mechanism of action of amiloride
Inhibit epithelial sodium channels in the distal convoluted tubules and collecting duct
40
MOA of sildenafil (Viagra)
Inhibits phosphodiesterase-5, enhancing effects of nitric oxide-activated increases in cGMP
41
SE of hydralazine
Lupus-like syndrome
42
Diuretic used to reduce intracranial pressure
Mannitol
43
SE of alpha blockers
Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia
44
Side effects of acetazolamide
Paresthesias, alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts), hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis, and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
45
Alpha 1selective blockers
Prazosin, terazosin and doxazosin (-AZOSIN ending)
46
ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in
pregnancy and with hyperkalemia
47
MOA of nitrates
Relax vascular smooth muscle, at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
48
Diuretic used to treat primary aldosteronism
Spironolactone, eplerenone
49
A1a-selective blocker used for BPH
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
50
Site of action of loop diuretics
Thick ascending limb
51
Product of proinsulin cleavage used to assess insulin production
C-peptide
52
Amino acid derivative for treatment of Type II diabetes
Nateglinide
53
Long acting insulin
NPH insulin
54
Drugs of choice for absence seizures
Ethosuximide and valproic acid
55
Anti-seizure drugs used also for pain of neuropathic orgin
Gabapentin
56
SE of phenytoin
Gingival hyperplasia, nystagmus, diplopia and ataxia
57
DOC for management of acute Ventricular arrhythmias
Lidocaine
58
SE of procainamide
Lupus-like syndrome
59
Limiting side effect of Quinidine
Prolongs QT interval
60
MOA of class I A (eg. Procainamide), class IB (eg. Lidocaine), and class IC (eg. Flecainide) antiarrhythmics
Sodium channel blockers
61
Life threatening cardiac event that prolong QT leads to
Torsades de pointes
62
Drug of choice for myoclonic seizures
Valproic acid
63
Drugs of choice for generalized tonic-clonic and partial seizures
Valproic acid, Phenytoin and Carbamazepine

PBL Pharm Block 3 (14 decks)

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