Flashcards in Pharm 21 - Vascular Tone Deck (42)
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1
MOA:Donates NO-->activates guanylyl cyclase and increases dephosphorylation of myosin light chain in vascular smooth muscle= vasodilation
Nitrates, Inhaled NO, Sodium Nitroprusside
2
Tx: short acting (sublingual), long acting (oral) angina
Isosorbide dinitrate
3
Consideration: venous dilation greater than arteriolar
isosorbide dinitrate
4
Organic Nitrates (5)
isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide 5-mononitrate, nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside, inhaled NO gas
5
Tx: prophylaxis angina, chronic IHD
isosorbide 5-mononitrate
6
consideration: 100% bioavailable orally
Isosorbide 5-mononitrate
7
Tx: Agnina attacks, chronic IHD, acute heart failure
Nitroglycerin (NTG)
8
Consideration: Ergotamine may oppose coronary vasodilation of nitrates
NTG
9
Tx: HTN emergency, severe cardiac failure, Ergot alkaloid toxicity
Sodium nitroprusside
10
Consideration: cyanide toxicity (thiocyanate toxicity)
sodium nitroprusside
11
Tx:Neonatal respiratory failure
inhaled NO gas
12
Consideration:selectively dilates pulmonary vasculature
inhaled NO gas
13
Phosphodiesterase Type V (PDE5) Inhibitors (3)
Sildenafil, Vardenafil, Tadalafil
14
MOA:Inhibit PDE5 (enzyme for converting cGMP to GMP) cGMP normally relaxes vessels= dilation (PDE5 inactivate cGMP-->GMP)
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 (PDE5) Inhibitors
15
Tx:Erectile dysfunction
PDE5 inhibitors
16
consideration:concomitant use of organic nitrate vasodilators= Hypotension
PDE5 inhibitors
17
Calcium channel blockers (CCB)
Dihydropyridines: Nidfedipine, amlodipine, felodipine, clevidipine; Benzothiazepine: Diltiazem; Phenylalkylamine: Verapamil
18
MOA:Block influx of calcium (L-type channels)= no actin myosin cross bridge formation= no contraction= dilation
Calcium channel blockers
19
Tx:Angina, HTN, Raynaud's phenomenon, Pre-eclampsia
Dihydropyridines (CCB)
20
Considerations:Amlodipine has higher bioavailability, longer peak time, slower metabolism
Dihydropyridines (CCB)
21
Tx Same as Phenylalkylamine):Prinzmetal angina, HTN, A-fib, Paroxysmal SVT
Benzothiazepine
22
Benzothiazepine medication name
Diltiazem
23
Dihydropyridine medications name (4)
Nidfedipine, Amlodipine, Felodipine, Clevidipine
24
Tx (same as Dihydropyridines):Prinzmetal angina, HTN, A-fib, Paroxysmal SVT
Phenylalkylamine
25
Consideration:concomitent alcohol use will increase alcohol concentration
Phenylalkylamine
26
Phenylalkylamine medication name
Verapamil
27
MOA:Open ATP modulated K+ channels to hyperpolarize membrane= decreased influx of calcium= dilation
K+ channel openers
28
K+ channel opener medications (4)
minoxidil, pinacidil, nicorandil, cromakalim
29
Tx:Severe/refractory HTN; male alopecia (topical minoxidil)
K+ channel openers
30
