Hoofdstuk 9 Flashcards
(15 cards)
performance management
continuous cycle of improving job performance with goal setting, feedback and coaching, and rewards and positive reinforcement
line of sight
employees know the organisation’s strategic goals and how they need to contribute
management by objectives
management system incorporating participation into decision making, goal setting, and feedback
360-degree feedback
comparison on anonymous feedback from one’s superior, subordinates, and peers with self-perceptions
extrinsic rewards
financial, material, or social rewards from the environment
intrinsic rewards
self-granted, psychic rewards
law of effect
behaviour with favourable consequences is repeated; behaviour with unfavourable consequences disappears
operant behaviour
Skinner’s term for learned, consequence-shaped behaviour
respondent behaviour
Skinner’s term for unlearned stimulus-response reflexes
positive reinforcement
making behaviour occur more often by contingently presenting something positive
negative reinforcement
making behaviour occur less often by contingently presenting something negative or withdrawing something positive
extinction
making behaviour occur less often by ignoring or not reinforcing it
continuous reinforcement
reinforcing every instance of a behaviour
intermittent reinforcement
reinforcing some but not all instances of a behaviour
shaping
reinforcing closer and closer approximations to a target behaviour
