How similar were the motivations for the First and Second Crusades? Flashcards
(13 cards)
What city was conquered in 1144 and who conquered it?
Edessa - Zengi
What was Quantum Praedecessores? In what year was it stated? And who introduced it?
Papal Bull that called for the Second Crusade – called by Eugenius III - 1145
How was Quantum Praedecessores similar to Remissio Pecatorum?
Promised the remission of sins for people reaching Jerusalem or dying on the journey
What were the similarities between the Council of Vezeley and the Council of Clermont?
Purpose was to motivate people to attend Crusade
Important ecclesiastical figures attended
What were the differences between the Council of Vezeley and the Council of Clermont?
Primarily secular people attended the Council of Vezeley whereas council of Clermont was mainly attended by important ecclesiastical figures
What were Eugenius III’s political motivations for calling the Second Crusade?
Consolidate his power following Papal Schism that preceded his papacy – his predecessor had been murdered
What was similar about Eugenius III’s motivations for calling the Second Crusade compared to Pope Urban II?
Political motivations – to consolidate his control in Christendom
Religious motivations – importance of Jerusalem
What was different about Eugenius III’s motivations for calling the Second Crusade compared to Pope Urban II?
Defending Jerusalem rather than reclaiming Jerusalem – Protecting the Crusader States rather than expanding the borders of Christendom
Name the two leaders who went on the Second Crusade and where were they from?
Louis VII – King of France
Conrad III – King of Germany
What motivated Conrad III to lead the Second Crusade?
Political ambitions – to become Holy Roman Emperor – if he supports the Pope, in return, he will grant him this title
Religious motivations – importance of Jerusalem
Live up to the First Crusaders legacy – cement his own legacy
What motivated Louis VII to join the Second Crusade?
Religious motivations – remission of sins for his army burning a church in Vitry during Civil War/ rebellion in France – importance of Jerusalem
Live up to the legacy of the First Crusaders – cement his legacy
What was similar about the motivation of the leaders of the First and Second Crusade? (not including Popes)
Religious motivations – importance of Jerusalem
What was different about the motivations of the leaders of the First and Second Crusade? (not including Popes)
Protecting/defending crusader States and Jerusalem rather than reclaiming / expanding Christendom
Land and wealth was important to many First Crusaders (settled in C.S and were younger sons of nobles) whereas Second Crusade leaders were leading Monarchs and always intended on returning to their Kingdoms. Second Crusaders aware Crusading is expensive – rather than a way to gain wealth
