Why did the leaders of the Second Crusade fail? Flashcards
(19 cards)
Who were the leaders of the Second Crusade?
Louis VII and Conrad III
What were the initial aims of the leaders of the Second Crusade?
To protect Jerusalem and to recapture Edessa.
Louis VII aimed to reach Jerusalem and atone for his sins (burning church at Vitry); Conrad III aimed to become HRE.
Why were the initial aims of the Second Crusade a problem?
By 1146, Nur had destroyed Edessa.
What caused the rivalry between the Byzantine Emperor Manuel I and Louis VII?
Louis VII was an ally of the Sultanate of Rum and Roger of Sicily, both of whom had been attacking Byzantine territory.
What route did Conrad III choose to take to reach Outremer?
He chose the land route, the same as the First Crusade through Nicaea, Dorylaeum, and Konya.
What was the problem with Conrad III’s chosen route?
It was faster but more dangerous, leading to an attack at Dorylaeum by Mas’ud I, resulting in significant troop losses.
What percentage of Conrad’s troops were defeated at Dorylaeum?
17%
How successful was Conrad III’s journey to Outremer?
It was unsuccessful; he retreated from Dorylaeum, fell ill, and lost many troops.
What is the name of the mountain in Asia Minor where Louis VII and his troops were attacked?
Mt Cadmus
How did the rivalry between Louis VII and Manuel Comnenos affect Louis VII at the port of Adalia?
Manuel I did not provide enough ships for the Crusader army and informed the Sultan of Rum about their journey.
What was the purpose of the Council of Acre in June 1148?
To decide the aims of the Second Crusade army.
What was decided at the Council of Acre in 1148?
To attack Damascus.
What was the Antioch Plan and why was it rejected?
It was a plan to attack Aleppo to reduce pressure in Antioch, rejected due to poor relations between the Prince of Antioch and Louis VII.
How was poor leadership shown at the Siege of Damascus in 1148?
A decision to change the point of attack led to a loss of momentum, forcing the Crusaders to retreat.
Who was the leader (Sultan) of the Sultanate of Rum during the Second Crusade?
Mas’ud I
How did the treaty at Konya between the Sultan of Rum and Manuel I impact the Crusader journey?
The Byzantine Empire informed Masud of the Crusaders’ progress and routes, making them easier targets.
What powerful concept did Zengi use to unite Muslims in Northern Iraq and Northern Syria?
Jihad
What happened to Zengi in 1146 and how did it impact the Islamic World?
Zengi died, weakening the power of the Islamic World and reducing unity.
Select the correct chronological sequence of events.
a) Zengi’s power grows across Northern Iraq and Northern Syria – Zengi conquers Edessa – Second Crusade is called - Zengi dies and his territory divided amongst his sons Nur and Saif – Edessa is destroyed by Nur – the Crusaders arrive in Outremer.
