HT -MSK + endocrine

Question 1

pannus + HLADR4

Answer 1

RA

Question 2

PIP + DIP

Answer 2

degenerative joint disease

Question 3

IgM Ab against Fc portion of IgG

Answer 3

Rheumatoid factor - marker of disease activity in RA

Question 4

secondary amyloidosis is a complication of what joint disease?

Answer 4

RA

Question 5

uveitis + aortitis (aortic regurgitation) + HLAB27 + sacroiliac joint

Answer 5

ankylosing spondylitis

Question 6

if patient presents with inflammatory disorder or skin and muscle (proximal muscle weakness + eyelid rash and malar rash), what must you consider?

Answer 6

this describes dermatomyositis; underlying carcinoma, especially gastric

Question 7

what two diseases can have malar rash?

Answer 7

dermatomyositis + SLE

Question 8

positive ANA and anti-jo ab

Answer 8

dermatomyositis

Question 9

perimesial inflammation (outer part of bundle)

Answer 9

dermatomyositis

Question 10

why are mutations of dystrophin often spontaneous?

Answer 10

super large protein

Question 11

becker vs ducheen dystrophy?

Answer 11

becker is mutation only with milder sx; duchenne is complete deletion

Question 12

autoantibodies against post-synaptic ACh receptor at NMJ

Answer 12

myasthenia gravis; responds to ACh esterase inhibitors as it increase chance of acetylcholine outcompeting the antibody effects

Question 13

diplopia + worsens with use + thymic hyperplasia

Answer 13

myasthenia gravis

Question 14

eaton lambert

Answer 14

antibody against calcium channel with impaired release of ACh; paraneoplastic syndrome often with small cell carcinoma

Question 15

muscle weakness that improves with use

Answer 15

eaton lambert

Question 16

desmin +, vagina of young girls

Answer 16

rhabdomyosarcoma; from rhabdomyolblasts

Question 17

lack of GH suppression by oral glucose

Answer 17

GH adenoma

Question 18

used for tx of gigantism and acromegaly; blocks response of AP to GHRH

Answer 18

octreotide; somatostatin analogue

Question 19

bitemporal hemianopsia likely cause?

Answer 19

prolactinoma

Question 20

sheehan syndrome

Answer 20

AP doubles in size, highly susceptible to ischemia during pregnancy with blood less

Question 21

ADH analog

Answer 21

desmopressin

Question 22

symptoms of DI but no response to desmopressin

Answer 22

nephrogenic DI, often due to Lithium toxicity

Question 23

ADH produced by this malignancy

Answer 23

small cell carcinoma

Question 24

tx of SIADH with small cell carcinoma

Answer 24

free water restriction + demeclocycline

Question 25

rx that can cause SIADH

Answer 25

cyclophosphamide

Question 26

anterior neck mass that moves with swallowing

Answer 26

thyroglossal duct cyst

Question 27

tissue at base of tongue

Answer 27

lingual thyroid

Question 28

how does hyperthyroidism increase BMR?

Answer 28

increase synthesis of Na/K/ATPase

Question 29

how does hyperthyroidism increase sympathetic nervous system response?

Answer 29

increased expression of B adrenergic receptors

Question 30

IgG autoantibody that stimulates TSH receptor triggering release of thyroid hormone

Answer 30

graves hyperthyroidism

Question 31

diffuse goiter + hyperthyroidism + exopthalmos + pretibial myxedema

Answer 31

graves hyperthyroidism

Question 32

cretinism

Answer 32

hypothyroidism in neonates and children

Question 33

mental retardation + skeletal abnormalities + short stature + coarse facial features + enlarged tongue + umbilical hernia

Answer 33

cretinism - either due to mom hypothyroidism or hypothyroid agenesis or deficiency of myeloperoxidase or iodine

Question 34

HLA DR5

Answer 34

Hashimotos Thyroiditis

Question 35

chronic inflammation with germinal centers

Answer 35

hashimotos thyroiditis

Question 36

tender thyroid

Answer 36

subacute thyroiditis

Question 37

thyroid lesion that involves local structures in a young patient

Answer 37

reidel fibrosing thyroiditis

Question 38

person with thyroid cancer who has history of extensive radiatino

Answer 38

papillary carcinoma

Question 39

follicular adenoma vs follicular carcinoma

Answer 39

both follicles within capsule but carcinoma invades through capsule; cannot tell difference with FNA

Question 40

which carcinomas like to spread through the blood?

Answer 40

follicular carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, HCC, choriocarcinoma

Question 41

localized amyloidosis + high calcitonin + hypocalcemia

Answer 41

medullary carcinoma, malignant proliferation of parafollicular c cells (where calcitonin is made)

Question 42

malignant cells in an amyloid stroma

Answer 42

medullary carcinoma of the thyroid

Question 43

anaplastic tumor

Answer 43

producing cells that don't resemble normal histology of that structure

Question 44

anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid

Answer 44

thyroid tumor involving local structures with associated sx, elderly, biopsy shows very malignant poorly differentiated cells