MB 2

Question 1

which nerve can be damaged during thyroid surgery?

Answer 1

recurrent laryngeal, causing hoarseness

Question 2

excessive vitamin A in first trimester of pregnancy

Answer 2

microcephaly, cardiac anomalies, fetal death

Question 3

bilateral numbness, tingling, and diminished reflexes, usually in the distal lower extremities

Answer 3

diabetic neuropathy

Question 4

recurrent, severe, and unilateral pain localized around the eye, conjunctival injection, lacrimation, rhinorrhea, and transient Horner syndrome.

Answer 4

cluster headaches

Question 5

diplopia improves when looking at distant objects and worsens when looking at objects up close, which is due to impaired convergence of the eyes

Answer 5

CN III palsy

Question 6

bacterial meningitis in adults

Answer 6

strep pneumo, neisseria meningitides

Question 7

which microbe can synthesize dextrans from sucrose?

Answer 7

strep viridans; it aids them in colonizing surfaces like dental enamel and heart valves

Question 8

S bovis is associated with which CA?

Answer 8

colon CA

Question 9

what parts of the hand does the median nerve innervate?

Answer 9

first 3 digits and radial half of the fourth

Question 10

AAT deficiency

Answer 10

alpha-1-antitrypsin; panacinar emphysema and chronic liver disease

Question 11

During continuous infusion of a drug metabolized by first-order kinetics, how long does it take to reach the steady state concentration?

Answer 11

4-5 half-lives

Question 12

concaine intoxication

Answer 12

mydriasis, tachycardia, hypertension

Question 13

enrichment media

Answer 13

provide what is necessary for growth; X and V required from haemophylis

Question 14

NADPH oxidase deficiency

Answer 14

chronic granulomatous disease

Question 15

opioid intoxication

Answer 15

depressed mental status, decreased respiratory rate, miosis, bradycardia, hypotension

Question 16

differential media

Answer 16

select based on metabolic and biochemical properties - mackonkey and eosin methylene blue (EMB)

Question 17

two tumors that cause bitemporal hemianopsia

Answer 17

craniopharyngioma and pituitary adenoma

Question 18

niacin deficiency

Answer 18

3Ds of pellagra: dementia, dermatitis, diarrhea

Question 19

what structures can be disrupted to cause horner syndrome?

Answer 19

lateral hypothalamus, hypothalamospinal tract, paravertebral sympathetic chain/stellate ganglion (pancoast tumor), or internal carotid artery (carotid dissection)

Question 20

muscle weakness, and cramping, usually beginning in distal lower extremities

Answer 20

hypokalemia

Question 21

cystic fibrosis in a man

Answer 21

azoospermia, congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens, recurrent pneumonia, digital clubbing

Question 22

how does the fascial nerve travel?

Answer 22

out of skull through stylomastoid foramen and courses through substance of parotid gland, there it divides into its 5 branches

Question 23

Kartagener syndrome

Answer 23

AR impairment of ciliary function and structure; failure of dynein arms to form; frequent URI, situs inversus, infertility in men and women

Question 24

all minerals and vitamins are provided in breast milk except

Answer 24

vitamin D and K

Question 25

fatigue, anorexia, vomiting, nausea, constipation, increased urination, dehydration

Answer 25

hypercalcemia

Question 26

C1 complement deficiency

Answer 26

increased susceptibility to encapsulated bacteria and developing systemic lupus erythematous

Question 27

fever, vomiting, stiff neck, headache

Answer 27

meningitis

Question 28

hyper-IgM syndrome

Answer 28

B cells produce high amounts of IgM but are unable to class switch antibodies due to impairment of immunoglobulin rearrangement

Question 29

pure motor or sensory deficits, rarely mixed

Answer 29

lacunar infarct

Question 30

meningitis in an immunocompromised patient

Answer 30

cryptococcus neoformans

Question 31

how diagnose major depressive disorder?

Answer 31

>2 wks of >5 of these symptoms: depressed mood, loss of interest, sleep disturbance, appetite disturbance, loss of energy, psychomotor agitation or retardation, impaired concentration, guilt, suicidal thoughts