RNA negative

Question 1

orthomyxovirus

Answer 1

enveloped, negative sense RNA, replicate in nucleus

Question 2

what’s different b/w - and + sense RNA

Answer 2

all - must bring own RNA polymerase so can convert to + strand for subsequent protein translation

Question 3

all RNA - viruses replicate in cytoplasm except which one?

Answer 3

orthomyxovirus

Question 4

what are some important orthomyxoviruses?

Answer 4

influenza (A, B, C)

Question 5

What are the 4 segmented viruses?

Answer 5

BOAR: bunyavirus, orthomyxo, arenavirus, reovirus

Question 6

Difference between antigenic shift and drift?

Answer 6

antigenic drifts = point mutations that cause epidemics (seasonal flu)
antigenic shifts = segment reassortment that cause pandemics (H1N1 flu)

Question 7

what is a common complication of influenza?

Answer 7

pneumonia - s. aureus

Question 8

Why not give a kid with viral illness aspirin?

Answer 8

Reye’s syndrome! Encephalitis and liver failure

Question 9

Is influenza associated with ascending paralysis Guillan Barre?

Answer 9

YES

Question 10

paramyxovirus

Answer 10

single-stranded negative sense RNA virus

Question 11

paramyxovirus

Answer 11

single-stranded, negative sense, enveloped RNA virus

measles, mumps, respiratory synctial virus, parainfluenza virus

Question 12

whats another name for measles?

Answer 12

rubeola

Question 13

are rubeola, roseola, and rubella all different things?

Answer 13

YES

Question 14

what are the early prodromal symptoms of measles?

Answer 14

Cough, Coryza, Conjunctiva, Koplik spots (buccal mucosa)

Question 15

what is coryza?

Answer 15

drippy nose due to inflammation of upper airway

Question 16

how does rubeola rash look?

Answer 16

starts at face and moves downwards

Question 17

major complication of measles?

Answer 17

pneumonia, subacute sclerosing pan encephalitis (SSPE)

Question 18

measles virulence factors ?

Answer 18

hemagluttinin (HA) and fusion protein

Question 19

mumps locations?

Answer 19

parotid glands, testis, meninges

Question 20

what is a cause of uni-lateral orchitis?

Answer 20

mumps in the testes!

Question 21

mumps virulence factors?

Answer 21

hemagluttanin, fusion protein, neuraminidase?

Question 22

RSV is the most common cause of what?

Answer 22

pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants

Question 23

RSV virulence factors?

Answer 23

fusion protein

Question 24

what causes seal bark cough/inspiratory stridor/croup?

Answer 24

parainfluenza virus

Question 25

characteristic XR finding on croup?

Answer 25

steeple sign with narrowing of sub-glottic region

Question 26

what's another name for croup?

Answer 26

laryngotracheobronchitis

Question 27

parainfluenza virus virulence factors?

Answer 27

HA, FP, NA

Question 28

What RNA virus is the ONLY double stranded RNA virus?

Answer 28

reovirus

Question 29

describe rhabdovirus

Answer 29

negative sense single stranded enveloped RNA virus

Question 30

patient recently been in caves?

Answer 30

rhabdovirus! bats main carrier

Question 31

where does rhabdovirus go?

Answer 31

binds nicotinic acetylcholin receptors of postsynaptic membrane of motor endplate

Question 32

sx of rhabdovirus?

Answer 32

fever, rabies encephalitis, foaming at mouth

Question 33

what's a classic finding of rhabdo on histo?

Answer 33

negri bodies in neurons - eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions in purkinje cells and also pyramidal cells of hippocampus

Question 34

filovirus

Answer 34

negative sense, single-stranded, enveloped helical RNA virus

Question 35

name some filo-viruses

Answer 35

marburg, ebola

Question 36

What is unique about bunyavirus's envelope?

Answer 36

obtains it from golgi apparatus of the host

Question 37

what does the B in the BOAR acronym for segmented viruses stand for?

Answer 37

Bunyavirus

Question 38

How does hantavirus kill?

Answer 38

pulmonary edema, pre-renal azotemia, hemorrhagic fever

Question 39

What are some bunyaviruses?

Answer 39

hanta virus and arborviruses (california encephalitis, rift valley fever)

Question 40

which virus has ambisense?

Answer 40

arenavirus -- both positive and negative sense

Question 41

which 3 viruses have helical shapes?

Answer 41

rhabdvirus, arenavirus, filovirus

Question 42

what is the A in the BOAR mneumonic?

Answer 42

arenavirus

Question 43

lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

Answer 43

in arenavirus family, febrile aseptic meningoencephalitis, fever

Question 44

What is the R in BOAR?

Answer 44

riovirus, most-segmented 11

Question 45

What's the most important rotavirus?

Answer 45

rotavirus - toxin mediated secretory diarhhea

Question 46

What's the toxin in rotavirus?

Answer 46

NSP4, activates Cl channel

Question 47

what's the #1 cause of sever diarrhea in children?

Answer 47

rotavirus

Question 48

Is riovirus double stranded?

Answer 48

YES

Question 49

What does the vaccine for riovirus increase risk of?

Answer 49

intussusception