Flashcards in Hubbard Deck (45):
1
TTP - treatment
Plasmapheresis
2
vWD presents as ____
Mucocutaneous bleeding
3
Treatment for vWD
Cryoprecipitate (vWF) + DDAVP (release vWF)
4
Vitamin K deficiency - labs
Prolonged PT, deficient factors 2, 7, 9, 10, C, S
5
Treatment for vitamin K deficiency
Normal liver fxn -- vitamin K supplements
Liver disease or acute hemorrhage -- FFP
6
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia - gene deficiency
Endoglin (CD 105)
7
Function of antithrombin 3
Serine protease - inhibits thrombin activation
8
AT3 requires what?
Heparin
9
AT3 deficiency causes increased risk of _____
Clotting (via thrombin activation)
10
AT3 deficiency - presentation
Recurrent LE thrombophlebitis, DVT, leg ulcers, PE
11
AT3 deficiency - treatment
Refractory?
Anticoagulants (heparin)
AT3 replacement
12
Protein C/S deficiency - treatment
Warfarin
13
Factor V Leiden - risk?
Treatment?
Thromboembolism
No episodes = monitor, etc.
Prior episode(s) = lifelong anticoagulation
14
Prothrombin 20210
Risk?
G-A mutation, causing increased prothrombin activity
Thrombosis
15
Common occurrences w/ antiphospholipid syndrome
- Thromboembolism
- Miscarriage
- Thrombocytopenia
- Cerebral ischemia/stroke
- UBOs on MRI
16
Diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome (3)
- Prolonged PTT
- No correction using normal plasma
- Neutralization w/ excess phospholipid
17
Specific diagnostic test for antiphospholipid syndrome
Dilute Russell viper venom time (DRVVT)
18
Treatment for antiphospholipid syndrome
Hx of thromboembolism --> lifelong anticoagulation
19
ITP - treatment
Prednisone
20
Reactive leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, prolonged PT and PTT, no RBC fragments on smear
How to diagnose?
DIC - from infection
Dx = D-dimer level
21
DIC treatment
Treat the cause, FFP, cryoprecipitate, platelet transfusions
22
Hyaline thrombi that occlude the capillaries of basically every organ
TTP
23
Patient on prolonged antibiotics, PT starts to get longer
Vitamin K deficiency - no microbial production
24
Connective tissue disease, prolonged PTT that doesn't correct, valvular heart disease, recurrent stroke, thrombocytopenia
Antiphospholipid syndrome
25
Superficial venous thrombosis - risk?
DVT, PE
26
Oral contraceptives - risk (when combined w/ other disorders)?
Thrombosis
27
Erythromelalgia - treatment
Aspirin
28
SPEP gamma spike w/ hump after
Treatment?
MGUS
NO treatment, just monitor
29
Solitary plasmacytoma - treatment
Local radiation
30
Multiple myeloma - diagnosis
What not to do?
Skeletal survey
NOT A BONE SCAN
31
Multiple myeloma - treatment
Thalidomide/lenolidamide + dexamethasone
32
Sausage-linking of fundoscopic veins
Waldenstrom's hyperviscosity
33
Waldenstrom's - treatment
Plasmapheresis, hydration, bisphosphonate
34
Fat pad = green birefringence on congo red
Amyloidosis
35
Joint pain, infections, anemia, bleeding, pedal edema
Multinucleate plasma cells w/ Dutcher bodies in BM
Amyloidosis (AL - light chain)
36
Temporal muscle wasting, chronic diarrhea, pre-renal disease, malabsorption
Treatment?
Alpha heavy chain disease
Antibiotics
37
Aplastic anemia - treatment
Cyclosporin + anti-thymocyte globulin
38
Diffuse rash, hemolytic anemia, elevated ESR, Gimsa stain
Classic finding?
Babesiosis
Maltese cross
39
Oral contraceptives + Factor V Leiden
35x increased risk of hypercoaguability
40
Hydroxyurea
Increased HbF in sickle cell
41
Acute chest syndrome - treatment
Transfusion
42
Treatment for PCV and ET
IFN-alpha, phlebotomy
43
Black water fever
RBC burst into blood (malaria complication) - hemoglobinuria and bilirubinuria (direct and indirect)
44
Neuropathy, HSM, endocrine issue, M spike, skin and skeletal lesions
POEMS syndrome - osteosclerotic myeloma
45