Human Bio Unit 2 - Polypeptide Synthesis Flashcards
What is the enzyme that matches up RNA nucleotides in transcription?
RNA polymerase
What enzyme acts on DNA to break hydrogen bonds in transcription?
Helicase
When does the Pre-mRNA detach in transcription?
When the RNA polymerase reaches a “stop” codon
Transcription
Helicase breaks hydrogen between bases on DNA
RNA polymerase matches up free RNA nucleotides with DNA bases
Pre-mRNA is formed
DNA behind the RNA polymerase reforms double helix
RNA reaches a “stop” codon
Chain is terminated and Pre-mRNA detaches
Splicing
Removes introns by making a little loop
Translation
mRNA attaches to the ribosome at the “start” codon
tRNA with a complimentary anticodon attaches to the mRNA
The tRNA is attached to a amino acid
Ribosome moves along the mRNA bringing the 2 tRNA molecules at any one time
An enzyme and ATP join the amino acids with a peptide bond
The first tRNA is released to collect another amino acid
Process is repeated until a “stop” codon is reached
What is the “start” codon in translation?
AUG
What is the amino acid that is attached to tRNA in translation?
Methionine
What is needed to make the peptide bonds in translation?
Enzyme
ATP
What bond is formed by the ATP and enzyme in translation?
Peptide bond
Why is there two tRNAs in translation?
One detaches t collect another amino acid once used while the other brings it’s amino acid to the mRNA
What is it called when many ribosomes travel along the mRNA at the same time in translation?
Polysome
Two types of polypeptide synthesis
Transcription
Translation
