Hypothalamus

Question 1

Bilateral VMH lesions leads to

Answer 1

Voracious appetite (and rage)

Question 2

Bilateral LHA lesions leads to

Answer 2

Loss of appetite

Question 3

Increases appetite

-Appetite center

Answer 3

Lateral Hypothalamus

Question 4

Lateral hypothalamus lesions cause

Answer 4

Weight loss

Question 5

Inhibits appetite

-Satiety center

Answer 5

Ventromedial nucleus

Question 6

Lesions to the ventromedial nucleus cause

Answer 6

Increased food intake and obesity

Question 7

In response to increased temperature. The hypothalamus causes autonomic responses that result in

Answer 7

Parasympathetic vasodilation

Question 8

In response to increased temperature, the pituitary gland does what?

Answer 8

Slows down metabolism and decreases TSH

Question 9

Which portion of the hypothalamus is the heat detector?

Answer 9

Anteriro hypothalamus

Question 10

The heat loss center. Responsible for vasodilation, sweating, and decreased metabolism

Answer 10

Preoptic nucleus

Question 11

Lesions to the preoptic nucleus cause

Answer 11

Hyperthermia

Question 12

The heat gain center. Responsible for vasoconstriction, shivering, goosebumps, and increased metabolism

Answer 12

Posterior nucleus

Question 13

Lesions to the posterior nucleus cause?

-Body temp varies with environment

Answer 13

Poikilothermy

Question 14

Cells have a 24 hour cycle and project to pineal gland to control melatonin release

Answer 14

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

Question 15

The suprachiasmatic nucleus receives direct

Answer 15

Retinal Input

Question 16

The sleep production center: promotes sleep

Answer 16

Anterior hypothalamus

Question 17

The waking center

Answer 17

Posterolateral nucleus

Question 18

The posterolateral nucleus in the posterior region releases

Answer 18

Histamine

Question 19

What are the 6 hormones released from the anterior pituitary?

Answer 19

GH, TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, and Prolactin

Question 20

Which two hormones are released from the posterior pituitary?

Answer 20

ADH and Oxytocin

Question 21

Secrete inhibitory and releasing hormones that are carried to the anterior pituitary

Answer 21

Parvocellular neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus

Question 22

Which region of the hypothalamus are the parvocellular neurosecretory cells located in?

Answer 22

Periventricular region (Arcuate and tuberal nuclei)

Question 23

Damage to the hypothalamus causes decreased secretion of most of the

Answer 23

Anterior Pituitary Hormones

Question 24

Which cells of the hypothalamus control the posterior pituitary?

Answer 24

Magnocellular neurosecretory cells of the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei

Question 25

Damage to the paraventricular and/or supraoptic nuclei can cause

Answer 25

Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

Question 26

Characterized by increased urination and increased thirst

Answer 26

DI

Question 27

What are the three main causes of hypothalamic disease?

Answer 27

Aneurysms, Tumors (pituitary), and Head Trauma

Question 28

What are the 4 major fiber tracts in the hypothalamus?

Answer 28

1. ) Fornix 2. ) Stria Terminalis 3. ) Mammillothalamic tract 4. ) Medial Forebrain bundle