Tic DIsorders

Question 1

A sudden, rapid, recurrent, non-rhythmic, stereotyped motor movement or vocalization causing distress or significant impairment often involuntary or response to irresistible urge

Answer 1

Tic

Question 2

Tic disorders have onsets before the age of

Answer 2

18 years old

Question 3

Sudden, brief, stereotypic, repetitive movements

-Eye blinks, grimacing, jaw snaps, lip pouts, tensing or rapid jerking of a body part such as the arm, head or neck

Answer 3

Simple Motor Tics

Question 4

Often slower than simple tics, or an orchestrated series of what appear as more purposeful, longer movements

Answer 4

Complex motor tics

Question 5

What are three examples of complex motor tics?

Answer 5

Echopraxia, Copraxia, anbd Self-injurious

Question 6

Imitating movements or gestures of other people

Answer 6

Echopraxia

Question 7

Obscene, aggressive or otherwise inappropriate gestures, e.g., Giving the finger

Answer 7

Copraxia

Question 8

Often occur at points of initiation or transition in speech

Answer 8

Vocal Tics

Question 9

Meaningless, sounds such as
• Throat clearing, coughing,
• Spitting,
• Screeching, barking, grunting, whistling, hissing

Answer 9

Simple vocal tics

Question 10

Syllable sounds such as “uh, uh”, “eee”, and “bu”

Answer 10

Simple Vocal Tic

Question 11

Meaningful utterances of words or phrases

• “Oh boy”, “you know”, “shut up”. “you’re fat”, “what’s that?”

Answer 11

Complex vocal tics

Question 12

What are three types of complex vocal tics?

Answer 12

1. ) Echolalia
2. ) Palilalia
3. ) Coprolalia

Question 13

Repeating others words

Answer 13

Echolalia

Question 14

Repeating ones own words

Answer 14

Palilalia

Question 15

Obscene, aggressive or otherwise socially unacceptable words or phrases

-Often explosive

Answer 15

Coprolalia

Question 16

The most socially impairing complex symptom

Answer 16

Coprolalia

Question 17

Multiple motor and 1 or more vocal tics present some time during the illness

-Wax and Wane; not necessarily concurrent

Answer 17

Tourette’s DIsorder

Question 18

Single or multiple motor or vocal tics present some time during the illness, but never both

Answer 18

Persistent (chronic) Motor or Vocal Tic DIsorder

Question 19

Similar to Tourette’s, but the Tourette’s disorder criteria never met

Answer 19

Persistent (chronic) Motor or Vocal Tic disorder

Question 20

What are two other examples of DSM-5 Tic disorders?

Answer 20

Provisional Tic disorder and Other specified tic disorder

Question 21

Single or multiple motor or vocal tics present some time during the illness

-BUT, Tics present for LESS than 1 year since tic onset

Answer 21

Provisional Tic disorder

Question 22

What percentage of children experience a Tic as a transient phenomenon?

Answer 22

20%

Question 23

How many children per 1000 school aged children have Tourette’s?

Answer 23

308/1000

Question 24

Prevalence of all tics (chronic or transient) estimates range from:

1. ) For boys
2. ) For girls

Answer 24

1. ) 6% to 18%

2. ) 3% to 11%

Question 25

Generally the male to female ratio of Tic disorders is

Answer 25

Greater than or equal to 2:1

Question 26

Relatives of those with TD at markedly increased risk for

Answer 26

Tic Disorders

Question 27

Monozygotic twins have concordance of 7794% for

Answer 27

Chronic Tic disorders

Question 28

Dizygotic twins 23% concordance for

Answer 28

Chronic Tic Disorders

Question 29

Antecedent sensory feeling (e.g., itch to scratch)

• Often irresistible
• Sometimes painful or source of mental impairment

Answer 29

Tic

Question 30

What percentage of people with Tics have coprolalia?

Answer 30

10%

Question 31

Usually quick, jerking movements or repetitive sounds that are difficult to control

Answer 31

Tic

Question 32

Tics usually decrease in intensity through adolescence and may be gone in adulthood with

Answer 32

Tourette’s

Question 33

Tic anatomic location, frequency, and severity can and usually do change over time with

Answer 33

Tourette’s

Question 34

The severity of Tourette’s is worse between

Answer 34

9-12 years

Question 35

With Tourette’s, the trunk and legs typically don’t display tics until after

Answer 35

6 years of age

Question 36

Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS) preceded tics in

Answer 36

44% of Children with symptoms

Question 37

This streptococcal induced tic disorder is called

Answer 37

PANDAS (Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associates w/ Streptococcal Infection)

Question 38

A study showed that with increasing age, patients with Tourette’s Syndrome had a lag to deactivate

Answer 38

Prefrontal and cingulate cortex

Question 39

Some tics are increased by the inability of basal ganglia to suppress motor neural areas that initiate

Answer 39

Tics

Question 40

Another factor impacting Tic symptom severity is abnormal

Answer 40

Dopamine modultion

Question 41

Patients with Tourette’s syndrome that do not have a comorbid disorder have

Answer 41

higher IQ and fewer learning disabilities

Question 42

May be idiopathic or result from a variety of medications or general medical conditions

Answer 42

Tics

Question 43

Should be differentiated from a variety of developmental and benign movement disorders

Answer 43

Tics

Question 44

Two forms of treatment for TIC disorders that do not require medicine are

Answer 44

Habit reversal training and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy