Notes And Ppt.

Question 1

Characterized by decreased dopaminergic transmission and relative increase in Ach activity

Answer 1

Parkinson’s

Question 2

An anti-muscarinic which functions as an anti-cholinergic

-can cause delirium

Answer 2

Atropine

Question 3

How can we characterize Broca’s aphasia?

Answer 3

Labored halting speech with good comprehension but inability to repeat

Question 4

Cause large changes in mood and personality

Answer 4

Frontal lobe lesions

Question 5

Responsible for behavioral inhibition and empathy

-Lesion results in frontotemporal dementia

Answer 5

Ventromedial/orbitofrontal prefrontal cortex

Question 6

The posterior limb of the internal capsule can be lesioned by infarcts from which 3 blood vessels?

Answer 6

Anterior choroid also, lenticulostriate, and PCA

Question 7

What are the characteristics of an ACA stroke?

Answer 7

Contralateral hemiparesis (leg > arm) and trans cortical motor aphasia

Question 8

What are the characteristics of a recurrent artery of Heubner stroke?

Answer 8

Contralateral hemichorea & contralateral weakness in face and arm

Question 9

What are is the result of a lenticulostriate stroke?

Answer 9

Contralateral pure motor paresis, can have some sensory

Question 10

What are the distinguishing features of a stroke to the superior division of MCA besides the contralateral hemiparesis?

Answer 10

Horizontal gaze to opposite side,
LEFT: Transcortical motor aphasia
RIGHT: Motor neglect

Question 11

What are the distinguishing characteristics of an inferior division of the MCA stroke besides contralateral sensory deficits?

Answer 11

Losses in visual field
LEFT: Transcortical sensory aphasia
RIGHT: Transcortical Motor Aphasia

Question 12

What are the symptoms of a stroke in the anterior choroidal artery?

Answer 12

Contralateral homonymous hamianopsia and contralateral hemiparesis

Question 13

What are the symptoms of a PCA stroke?

Answer 13

Homonomous hemianopsia w/ macular sparing (20/20 vision)

LEFT side: Transcortical sensory aphasia

Question 14

What are two treatments for AD?

Answer 14

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA antagonists

Question 15

What do we see in the CSF of HSC encephalitis?

Answer 15

Lymphocytes, RBCs, Increased protein

-temporal lobe abnormalities

Question 16

What do we see in CSF of West Nile?

Answer 16

Lymphocytic pleocytosis, Increased protein, NORMAL glucose

Question 17

What do we see in CSF of meningitis?

Answer 17

Increased opening pressure, Abundant neutrophils, Increased protein, DECREASED glucose

Question 18

What do we see in the CSF for a brain abscess?

Answer 18

Increased whites cells and protein and NORMAL glucose

Question 19

A right lateral gaze palsy can be caused by a

Answer 19

Right abducens nucleus lesion or right PPRF lesion

Question 20

An FEF lesion will show

Answer 20

IPSILATERAL horizontal gaze

Question 21

Can be used to offset the physiological disturbances seen with Levodopa

Answer 21

Clozapine

Question 22

What type of aphasia is caused by the following infarcts?

1. ) Superior MCA
2. ) Inferior MCA
3. ) Stem

Answer 22

1. ) Non-fluent (Broca’s)
2. ) Fluent (Wernike’s)
3. ) Global

Question 23

What is the result of an acoustic neuroma?

Answer 23

Sensorineural hearing loss

-compresses CN VIII

Question 24

Due to bilateral degeneration of ROSTRAL midbrain

Answer 24

Supranuclear Palsy

Question 25

A history of autoimmune disease and hypertension are risk factors for

Answer 25

CRVO

Question 26

Characterized by early onset breast and ovarian carcinomas

Answer 26

Li-Fraumeni

Question 27

Tumors are more likely in the PNS than CNS for

Answer 27

Neurofibromatosis type 1

Question 28

Repetition is affected with which 3 aphasias?

Answer 28

Broca’s, Wernike’s, and Conduction