Immunocompromise II Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Immunocompromise II Deck (8)
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1
Q

Late Component Complement Deficiency (LCCD) results from deficiency of any of the following: C5-C9. What are its characteristics?

A
  • incs risk of meningococcal infx 5000 to 10,000 fold
  • age of onset of meningococcal infx is much later in LCCD (17 yo vs 5 yo)
  • serogroups causing meningicoccal disease in pts with LCCD are uncommon
  • 50% pts with LCCD get recurrent infx
  • mortality from meningococcal disease in LCCD is 1/10 of that in general population -vaccination against meningococcus benefits these pts
2
Q

Neutrophil deficits (quantity/quality) result in infx from our own microbiome. What pathogens cause the most common infectious complications from deficits in neutrophils?

A
  • Staphylococci
  • gram-negative bacteria
  • fungi
3
Q

what is the main complication for neutropoenia versus neutrophil dysfunction?

A
  • neutropoenia: sepsis

- neutrophil dysfunction:localized dysfunction

4
Q

Neutropoenia results in increased risk for infection dur to which two road groups of pathogens?

A
  • microflora

- aspergillus (environmental fungus)

5
Q

What is a complication of chemotherapy-induced neutropoenia?

A

-Febrile Neutropoenia (FNP)

6
Q

How does chemotherapy impact primary defenses (weaken them)?

A
  • disrupted mucosal barriers: gram negative bacilli cause GI infx
  • venous catheters cause skin organisms to enter (gram positive cocci)
  • broad spectrum antibiotics –> fungi become more dangerous in later FNP
7
Q

Recovery of neutrophil count can result in what 2 major immune reconstitution syndromes?

A
  • asymptomatic pulmonary infiltrates

- hepatosplenic candidiasis (granulomatous response)

8
Q

What infections are hospitalized patients at greater risk of developing?

A
  • CDAD
  • UTI
  • bacteroemia (due to venous catheters)
  • hospital-acquired MRSA and VRE
  • surgical site infections