Infancy : Physical Development

Question 1

An example of shape constancy is

Answer 1

recognizing that a door is a rectangle whether it is closed or ajar

Question 2

The development of hearing in the fetus may be linked to

Answer 2

myelination of the neurons involved in hearing

Question 3

If a child cannot maintain her balance, control her motor behavior, or coordinate her eye movements with bodily sensations, which part of the brain might be faulty?

Answer 3

Cerebellum

Question 4

A child is holding a toy clumsily using only his fingers and palm. This is an example of

Answer 4

ulnar grasp

Question 5

A neuron contains

Answer 5

A neuron contains all of these: Cell body, axon, dendrite, axon terminal

Question 6

Specific training of infant motor skills

Answer 6

May accelerate some motor skills, but only slightly

Question 7

Heartbeat, digestion, respiration, and elimination of wastes are carried out by organ systems close to the central axis. These functions, close to the center of the body, operate or are ready to operate when the child is born. What principle of development does this represent?

Answer 7

Proximodistal

Question 8

If stimuli A and B are the same object but are seen from different angles, what does it mean if the infant’s heart rate and pattern of gazing do not change?

Answer 8

The infant recognizes shape A and B to be the same

Question 9

As myelination increases,

Answer 9

The brain areas become increasingly complex

Question 10

Myelination of motor pathways

Answer 10

enhances the neonate’s ability to engage in stereotyped reflexes

Question 11

Jessie was diagnosed with failure to thrive (FTT) at 20 months of age. At age 8, we could expect to find that Jessie

Answer 11

is smaller, less cognitively advanced, and more emotionally disturbed than typical children

Question 12

Why is the head disproportionately large during infancy and childhood?

Answer 12

because the brain is essential for all other growth

Question 13

Failure to thrive (FTT) has been linked to deficiencies in caregiver-infant interactions, resulting in

Answer 13

insecure attachment

Question 14

Camille is crawling and stops before crawling off an edge. This suggests

Answer 14

that crawling infants also perceive depth

Question 15

Infants grab large things before they can pick up tiny objects. What type of development does this represent?

Answer 15

proximodistal

Question 16

Negatives to breast-feeding include

Answer 16

All of these

Question 17

In what order would an infant display the following movement abilities

Answer 17

Rolling over, sitting up, crawling, creeping

Question 18

A baby has begun to crawl. This means

Answer 18

myelination of neurons has already begun

Question 19

When looking at human faces, infants under two months of age prefer to look at the

Answer 19

the edges, such as the chin

Question 20

Does early exposure to alcohol in breast milk predispose infants to like alcohol

Answer 20

No, infants appear to not like the taste of alcohol in breast milk