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Infectious/Communicable Diseases Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

infectious disease

A

any communicable disease caused by microbe

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2
Q

3 routes of transmission

A

direct
indirect (formites)
vectors (ticks, mosquitos)

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3
Q

peds differences

A
  • immature immune sytm
  • limited exposure to disease
  • poor hygiene
  • unable to describe sympt
  • maybe noncompliant
  • more susceptible to severe cimplicatn
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4
Q

s/s during incubation period

A

asymptomatic

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5
Q

fever

A

38 C 100.4 F

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6
Q

fever manifestationis

A
  • incr HR
  • incr HR
  • incr metab rate
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7
Q

fever tx

A

incr fluid intake

-ibuprofen/acetaminophen

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8
Q

when is fever an emergency?

A 
41 C  105.9 F
w toxic appearance
-lethargy
-poor perfusion
-hypoventilation
-cyanosis
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9
Q

Chickenpox

vaccine

A

varicella

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10
Q

chickenpox/varicella

isolation

A

airborne

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11
Q

chickenpox/varicella

manifestations

A

macule>papule>vesicle>eruption>crust

  • crusts can last 1-3 wk
  • starts on trunk then spread to face +proximal extremities
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12
Q

chickenpox/varicella

mgmt

A

mostly supportive

acyclovir + immune globulin for high risk kids

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13
Q

diphtheria

isolation

A

droplet

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14
Q

diphtheria

manifestations

A

adherent grayish pharyngeal membrane

-bleeds easily

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15
Q

diphtheria

mgmt

A

IV antitoxin + abx

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16
Q

enteroviruses

isolation

A

contact

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17
Q

enteroviruses

manifestations

A
  • herpangina*

* hand, foot, mouthdisease

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18
Q

enterovirus

herpangina manifestations

A

small grayish papulovesicular ulcerative pharyngeal lesions

-gradually increase in size

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19
Q

enterovirus

hand, foot, + mouth disease

A

diffuse lesions on mucous membranes of mouth

  • papulovesicular lesions on the hands + feet
  • lasts for 7-10 days
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20
Q

enterovirus

mgmt

A

supportive tx

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21
Q

Fifth disease

causal agent + isolation

Study These Flashcards
A

human parvovirus + droplets

22
Q

Fifth disease

manifestations

Study These Flashcards
A

“slapped face”

-fiery red rash on cheeks

23
Q

Fifth disease

Study These Flashcards
A

supportive treatment

24
Q

Haemophilus influenzae, Type B

isolation

Study These Flashcards
A

droplet until s/p 24 hours abx

25
Haemophilus influenzae, Type B | manifestations
epiglottis
26
Measles (Rubeola) | isolation
airborne
27
Measles (Rubeola) | PRODROMAL manifestations
1-3 days mm gray or blue-gray spots on erythematous base | -on the buccal mucosa
28
Measles (Rubeola) | stage 2 manifestations
maculopapular rash (dark red to purple)
29
meningococcus | isolation
droplet until s/p 24 hr abx
30
meningococcus | meningitis - manifestations
- stiff neck - decr mental status - seizure - coma
31
meningococcus | meningococcemia - manifestation
- cold hands + feet | - petechial rash
32
mononucleosis | Mgmt
corticosteroids | -for tonsillar swelling, impending airway obstruction, massive splenomegaly
33
Mumps | causal agent + isolation
rubulavirus + droplet
34
Mumps | manifestations
swelling of one or more salivary glands (parotis, sublingual, or submaxillary)
35
Mumps | management
supportive treatment
36
Pertussis | isolation
droplet
37
Pertussis | paroxysmal - manifestation
paroxysm of rapid coughs followed by a forceful inspiration with stridor (the "whoop")
38
poliomyelitis | isolation
droplet
39
rotavirus | isolation
contact
40
rotavirus | manifestations
vomiting + watery diarrhea
41
rotavirus | mgmt
fluid + electrolyte replacement
42
rubella aka german measles | isolation
droplet
43
rubella aka german measles | manifestations
forchheimer spots (discrete, ertyhematou lesions on soft palate) rash stage: pink, maculopapular rash appears on face + neck
44
tetanus | isolation
standard
45
tetanus | manifestations
stiff neck/jaw - risus sardonicus - rigid abdomen + trunk produce opisthonos
46
risus sardonicus
painful facial spasms -may cause grinning expressions **tetanus**
47
rabies | prodromal stage
2-10 days - fever, - headache, - malaise, - apprehension - paresthesia at site of bite
48
rabies | mgmt
-virucidal agent like povidone
49
rabies | postexposure prophylaxis
- human rabies immune globulin near bite | - human diploid cell rabies vaccine starting the day of bite
50
early signs of sepsis in children vs newborn
C: hypothermia, tachycardia, tachypnea N: subtle
51
repsis mgmt
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Pediatrics (51 decks)

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