Integumentary system Flashcards by RIA RICCI RABISANTO

The 3 types of Epithelial membranes

Cutaneous membrane
Mucous membrane
Serous membrane

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The Skin.
A dry membrane that’s the Outermost protective boundary

Cutaneous Membrane

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Under the cutaneous membrane, Keratinized stratified
squamous epithelium

Superficial epidermis

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Under the cutaneous membrane, Mostly dense
connective tissue

Underlying dermis

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Underlying loose connective tissue (lamina propria)

Lines all body cavities that open to the exterior body surface

Often adapted for absorption or secretion

Mucous Membranes

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Surface simple squamous epithelium

Underlying areolar connective tissue

Lines open body cavities that are closed to the exterior of the body

Serous layers separated by serous fluid

Serous Membranes

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Serous layers separated by

serous fluid

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Outer wall of the serous membrane

Pariental serosa

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Inner wall of the serous membrane

Visceral serosa

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Serous membrane of Abdominal cavity

Peritoneum

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Serous membrane of the Lungs

Pleura

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Serous membrane of the heart

Pericardium

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A Connective tissue only that Lines fibrous capsules surrounding joints

Synovial membrane

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the 4 Skin derivatives

Sweat glands
Oil glands
Hairs
Nails

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Protects deeper tissues from:
Mechanical damage
Chemical damage
Bacterial damage
Thermal damage
Ultraviolet radiation
Desiccation

Skin

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Aids in heat regulation
Aids in excretion of urea and uric acid
Synthesizes vitamin D

Skin

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outer layer of the skin. It is a
Stratified squamous epithelium that Often keratinized (hardened by keratin)

Epidermis

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a Dense connective tissue

Dermis

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Deep to dermis is the _____.
It is Not part of the skin.
It anchors skin to underlying organs and
Composed mostly of adipose tissue

hypodermis

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Layer of Epidermis

Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum

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A Layer of epidermis where Cells undergoing mitosis
and lies next to dermis

Stratum basale

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A layer of epidermis that Occurs only in thick skin

Stratum lucidum

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A layer of epidermis that are Shingle-like dead cells

Stratum corneum

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Pigment of the skin that is produced by melanocytes

Melanin

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Pigment (melanin) produced by _______. They are mostly in the stratum basale

Melanocytes

The 2 layers of the Dermis

Papillary layer & Reticular layer

It is where Blood vessels, Glands, and Nerve receptors are located

Reticular layer

It is where Projections called dermal papillae, Pain receptors , and Capillary loops are found

Papillary layer

Projections in the Papillary layer

Dermal Papillae

Yellow, brown or black pigments

Melanin

Orange-yellow pigment from some vegetables

Carotene

Red coloring from blood cells in dermis capillaries Oxygen content determines the extent of red coloring

Hemoglobin

A gland that Produce oil. A Lubricant for skin. It Kills bacteria Most with ducts that empty into hair follicles. Glands are activated at puberty

Sebaceous Gland

Widely distributed in skin which has Two types: Eccrine and Apocrine

Sweat glands

A sweat gland that's Open via duct to pore on skin surface

Eccrine

A sweat gland that have Ducts empty into hair follicles

Apocrine

It is Mostly water, Some metabolic waste, and Fatty acids and proteins (apocrine only)

Sweat

The composition of the sweat that is only available in the apocrine

Fatty acid and proteins

It functions is to Help dissipate excess heat, Excretes waste products, and Acidic nature inhibits bacteria growth. Odor is from associated bacteria

Sweat

Produced by hair bulb Consists of hard keratinized epithelial cells Melanocytes provide pigment for their color

Hair

the central part of the hair

medulla

A part of the hair that surrounds medulla

Cortex

a part of the hair that is outside of cortex. It is Most heavily keratinized

Cuticle

Dermal and epidermal sheath surround hair root

Hair Follicle

Smooth muscle that connects the hair follicle to the connective tissue of the basement membrane. The one that causes goosebumbs

Arrector pilli

Scale-like modifications of the epidermis that are Heavily keratinized

Nails

In the nails, it extends beneath the nail bed which is Responsible for nail growth

Stratum Basale

proximal nail fold that projects onto the nail body

Eponychium

Infection Caused by fungal infection

Athletes foot or ringworm

Infections Caused by bacterial infection

Boils and carbuncles

Infections Caused by virus

Cold sores

Exposures cause allergic reaction

Contact dermatitis

Allergies Caused by bacterial infection

Impetigo

Infections and allergies that's Cause is unknown Triggered by trauma, infection, stress

Psoriasis

Tissue damage and cell death caused by heat, electricity, UV radiation, or chemicals

Burns

Associated dangers of Burns

Dehydration Electrolyte imbalance Circulatory shock

a Way to determine the extent of burns, Body is divided into 11 areas for quick estimation and Each area represents about 9%

Rules of Nines

A severity of burns which Only epidermis is damaged Skin is red and swollen

First-degree burns

A severity of burns which Epidermis and upper dermis are damaged and is red with blisters.

Second degree burns

A severity of burns where it Destroys entire skin layer Burn is gray-white or black

Third Degree burns

Over 25% of body has second degree burns Over 10% of the body has third degree burns There are third degree burns of the face, hands, or feet

Critical Burns

abnormal cell mass

Cancer

the most common type of cancer

Skin cancer

Two types of cancer

Benign and Malignant

A type of cancer that Does not spread (encapsulated)

Benign

a type of cancer that Metastasized (moves) to other parts of the body

Malignant

A skin cancer that is the Least malignant. It is the Most common type of skin cancer and it Arises from stratum basale

Basal cell carcinoma

A skin cancer where Arises from stratum spinosum. It Metastasizes to lymph nodes. Early removal allows a good chance of cure

Squamous cell carcinoma

It is the Most deadly of skin cancers. It is the Cancer of melanocytes. Metastasizes rapidly to lymph and blood vessels. Detection uses ABCD rule

Malignant melanoma

ABCD Rule

A = Asymmetry B = Border irregularity C = Color D = Diameter

ABCD rule where Two sides of pigmented mole do not match

A - Asymmetry

ABCD rule where Borders of mole are not smooth

B - Border irregularity

ABCD rule where there are Different colors in pigmented area

C - Color

ABCD rule where the Spot is larger then 6 mm in diameter

D - Diameter

also referred to as the squamous cell layer, is the thickest layer of the epidermis located just above the basal layer. These are composed of basal cells that have matured into squamous cells, known as keratinocytes

Stratum Spinosum

The Stratum Spinosum are composed of basal cells that have matured into squamous cells, known as

Keratinocytes

Integumentary system Flashcards

(76 cards)