Cardiovascular system Part 1 Flashcards
(103 cards)
1
Q
A closed system of the heart and blood vessels. It deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products
A
Cardiovascular System
2
Q
pumps blood
A
heart
3
Q
allow blood to circulate to all parts of the body
A
Blood vessels
4
Q
The Heart’s location is in the Thorax between the lungs in the inferior ______________
A
mediastinum
5
Q
The Heart’s location is in the _______ between the ______ in the inferior mediastinum
A
Thorax, lungs
6
Q
The Heart About the size of your
A
fist
7
Q
The Heart Orientation is Pointed
_____ directed toward left ____
A
apex , hip
8
Q
The Heart Base points toward
A
right shoulder
9
Q
a double-walled sac
A
Pericardium
10
Q
loose and superficial double-walled sac
A
Fibrous pericardium
11
Q
deep to the fibrous pericardium and composed of two layers
A
Serous membrane
12
Q
Next to heart; also known as the epicardium
A
Visceral pericardium
13
Q
Outside layer that lines the inner surface of the fibrous pericardium
A
Parietal pericardium
14
Q
Visceral pericardium is also known as
A
epicardium
15
Q
fills the space between the layers of pericardium
A
Serous fluid
16
Q
Heart Wall has Three layers
A
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
17
Q
The heart’s Outside layer wall.
This layer is the visceral pericardium
A
Epicardium
18
Q
Epicardium is a ___________ tissue layer
A
Connective tissue layer
19
Q
The Heart’s wall Middle layer which is
Mostly cardiac muscle
A
Myocardium
20
Q
The Inner layer of the Heart’s wall. It is where Endothelium is
A
Endocardium
21
Q
Right and left side of the heart act as
A
separate pumps
22
Q
There are 4 chambers which are
A
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
23
Q
Receiving chambers of the heart
A
Atria
24
Q
Discharging chambers of the heart
A
Ventricles
25
the free wall of this ventricle is much thicker
Left ventricle
26
Separates the two ventricles
Interventricular septum
27
Separates the two atria
Interatrial septum
28
Allow blood to flow in only one direction to prevent backflow
Valves
29
There are Four valves of the heart which are
Bicuspid (mitral) valve
Tricuspid valve
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Aortic semilunar valve
30
valves of the heart between atria and ventricles
Atrioventricular (AV) valves
31
2 Atrioventricular (AV) valves are
Bicuspid (mitral) valve (left side of heart)
Tricuspid valve (right side of heart)
32
heart valves between ventricle and artery
Semilunar valves
33
2 Semilunar valves
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Aortic semilunar valve
34
Anchored in place by chordae tendineae (“heart strings”). These valves Open during heart relaxation and closed during ventricular contraction
AV valves
35
AV valves are Anchored in place by “heart strings” or the
chordae tendineae
36
These valves are Closed during heart relaxation but open during ventricular contraction
Semilunar valves
37
True/ False
these valves operate opposite of one another to force a one-way path of blood through the heart
True
38
Blood returning to the atria, puts
pressure against these valves which are forced open
The AV valves
39
As the ___________ fill, AV valve flaps hang limply into ventricles
ventricles
40
This part of the heart contracts ,forcing additional blood into ventricles
Atria
41
This part of the heart contract,
forcing blood against AV valve flaps
Ventricles
42
Ventricles contract, forcing blood
against AV valve flaps which closes the
AV valves
43
This part of the heart tighten, preventing valve flaps from
everting into atria
Chordae tendineae
44
As ventricles contract and intraventricular pressure rises,
blood is pushed up against
these valves, forcing them open
semilunar valves
45
As ventricles relax, and intraventricular pressure falls, blood flows back from arteries, filling the leaflets of semilunar valves and
forcing them to
close
46
Blood flows from the left side of the heart through the body tissues and back to the right side of the heart
Systemic circulation
47
Blood flows from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart
Pulmonary circulation
48
In pulmonary Circuit, This is where gas exchange occurs of every body tissue
Capillary beds of lungs
49
In systemic Circuit, This is where gas exchange occurs
All body tissues of capillary beds
50
Part of the blood where blood Leaves left ventricle
Aorta
51
Part of the blood where blood Leaves right ventricle
Pulmonary arteries
52
the 2 arteries are
Aorta
Pulmonary arteries
53
two Veins are
Superior and inferior venae cavae
Pulmonary veins (four)
54
This vein is where blood Enters the right atrium
Superior and inferior venae cavae
55
This vein is where blood Enters the left atrium
Pulmonary veins (four)
56
dump blood into the right atrium
Superior and inferior venae cavae
57
From right atrium, through the __________ ______, blood travels to the right ventricle
tricuspid valve
58
From the right ventricle, blood leaves the heart as it passes through the ____________ __________ _______ into the pulmonary trunk
pulmonary semilunar valve
59
__________ ______ splits into right and left pulmonary arteries that carry blood to the lungs
Pulmonary trunk
60
_______ is picked up and ______ ________ is dropped off by blood in the lungs
Oxygen, CO2
61
Oxygen-rich blood returns to the heart through the four
pulmonary veins
62
Blood enters the left atrium and travels through the __________ _____ into the left ventricle
bicuspid valve
63
From the left ventricle, blood leaves the heart via the ______ ___________ ____ & _______
aortic semilunar valve and aorta
64
Blood in the heart chambers does not nourish the myocardium
Coronary Circulation
65
The heart has its own nourishing circulatory system consisting of
Coronary arteries
Cardiac veins
Coronary sinus
66
branch from the aorta to supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood
Coronary arteries
67
drain the myocardium of blood
Cardiac veins
68
a large vein on the posterior of the heart, receives blood from cardiac veins
Coronary sinus
69
Blood empties into the right atrium via the
coronary sinus
70
Heart muscle cells contract, without nerve impulses, in a regular, continuous way
Intrinsic conduction system (nodal system)
71
Intrinsic conduction system is also known as
(nodal system)
72
Special tissue sets the pace in the heart's Conduction system
Sinoatrial node
Atrioventricular node
Atrioventricular bundle interventricular septum
Bundle branches
Purkinje fibers
73
A Special tissue sets the pace that's is in the right atrium
Sinoatrial node (SA node)
74
Sinoatrial node is also knwona s
pacemaker
75
A Special tissue sets the pace that's is at the junction of the atria and ventricles
Atrioventricular node = AV node
76
A Special tissue sets the pace that's in the interventricular septum
Bundle branches
77
A Special tissue sets the pace that's in the interventricular septum
Atrioventricular bundle = AV bundle
78
A Special tissue sets the pace that spread within the ventricle wall muscles
Purkinje fibers
79
Contraction in the heart is initiated by the
sinoatrial node (SA node)
80
occurs at other autorhythmic cells
Sequential stimulation
81
Force cardiac muscle depolarization in one direction—from atria to ventricles
Heart Contractions
82
Once SA node starts the heartbeat
Impulse spreads to the ___ _______, Then the _______ contract
AV node , atria
83
At the AV node, the impulse passes through the
AV bundle, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers
84
is ejected from the ventricles to the aorta and pulmonary trunk as the ventricles contract
Blood
85
rapid heart rate over 100 beats per minute
Tachycardia
86
slow heart rate less than 60 beats per minutes
Bradycardia
87
2 types of Tachycardia
Physiologic Tachycardia
Pathologic Tachycardia
88
It is when the heart relaxes, the chambers of the heart fill with blood, and a person's blood pressure decreases
Diastole
89
represents ventricular filling
Diastole
90
period of contraction of the ventricles of the heart that occurs between the first and second heart sounds of the cardiac cycle.
Systole
91
represents ventricular contraction/ejection
Systole
92
Atria relax, then ventricles
Contract
93
Mid-to-late diastole is also known as
(ventricular filling)
94
Mid-to-late diastole causes
Ventricular filling
Atrial contraction
95
Ventricular systole is also known as
atria in diastole
96
Ventricular systole causes
Isovolumetric contraction phase
Ventricular ejection phase
97
Early diastole involves
Isovolumetric relaxation
98
Cardiac Cycle has three steps which are
Mid-to-late diastole
Ventricular systole
Early diastole
99
events of one complete heart beat
Cardiac cycle
100
blood flows from atria into ventricles
Mid-to-late diastole
101
blood pressure builds before ventricle contracts, pushing out blood
Ventricular systole
102
atria finish refilling, ventricular pressure is low
Early diastole
103
The heart wall of the left ventricle is
LArger
