Skeletal System part 1

Question 1

Parts of the skeletal system

Answer 1

Bones (skeleton)
Joints
Cartilages
Ligaments

Question 2

2 Divisions of the skeletal system

Answer 2

Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton

Question 3

Bones that form the long axis of the body. It include the bones in your skull, ossicles (small bones) of your middle ear, hyoid bone of your neck, vertebra (bones of your spine) and thoracic cage (ribcage).
They are 80 bones in total

Answer 3

Axial Skeleton

Question 4

Bones of the limbs and girdles.

Bones of the shoulder and pelvic girdles and their attached limbs.

They are 126 bones in total

Answer 4

Appendicular Skeleton

Question 5

They Support of the body,
Protection of soft organs,
Movement due to attached skeletal muscles,
Storage of minerals and fats, and
Blood cell formation

Answer 5

Bones

Question 6

An adult human has

Answer 6

206 bones

Question 7

Two basic types of bone tissue

Answer 7

Compact and Spongy bone

Question 8

Type of bone tissue that is Small needle-like
pieces of bone and has Many open spaces

Answer 8

Spongy bone

Question 9

4 Classifications of bones

Answer 9

Long, Short, Flat, and Irregular bones

Question 10

Bones that are Typically longer than wide.
They Have a shaft with heads at both ends and
Contain mostly compact bone

Answer 10

Long bones

Question 11

Example of Long bones

Answer 11

Femur, and Humerus

Question 12

Bones that are Generally cube-shape. They
Contain mostly spongy bone

Answer 12

Short Bone

Question 13

Examples of Short bones

Answer 13

Carpals and Tarsals

Question 14

Bones that are Thin and flattened. They are
Usually curved and have Thin layers of compact bone around a layer of spongy bone

Answer 14

Flat bones

Question 15

Exaple of Flat bones

Answer 15

Skull, Ribs, sternum

Question 16

Bones that are Irregular shape. They
Do not fit into other bone classification categories

Answer 16

Irregular Bones

Question 17

Examples of Irregular bones

Answer 17

Vertebrae, and hips

Question 18

In the anatomy f the long bone, it has a Shaft and is
Composed of compact bone

Answer 18

Diaphysis

Question 19

In the anatomy of the long bone, it is the Ends of the bone. It is Composed mostly of spongy bone

Answer 19

Epiphysis

Question 20

In the anatomy of the long bone, it is the Outside covering of the diaphysis
Fibrous connective tissue membrane

Answer 20

Periosteum

Question 21

In the anatomy of the long bone, it Secure periosteum to underlying bone

Answer 21

Sharpey’s fibers

Question 22

In the anatomy of the long bone, It Supply bone cells with nutrients

Answer 22

Arteries

Question 23

In the anatomy of the long bone, it Covers the external surface of the epiphyses. It is Made of hyaline cartilage
Decreases friction at joint surfaces

Answer 23

Articular cartilage

Question 24

In the anatomy of the long bone, Cavity of the shaft
Contains yellow marrow (mostly fat) in adults
Contains red marrow (for blood cell formation) in infants

Answer 24

Medullary cavity

Question 25

Surface features of bones Sites of attachments for muscles, tendons, and ligaments Passages for nerves and blood vessels

Answer 25

Bone Markings

Question 26

2 Categories of bone markings

Answer 26

Projections and processes and Depressions or cavities

Question 27

grow out from the bone surface

Answer 27

Projections and processes

Question 28

indentations

Answer 28

Depressions or cavities

Question 29

A unit of bone

Answer 29

Osteon (Haversian System)

Question 30

Opening in the center of an osteon

Answer 30

Central (Haversian) canal

Question 31

Canal perpendicular to the central canal Carries blood vessels and nerves

Answer 31

Perforating (Volkman’s) canal

Question 32

Cavities containing bone cells (osteocytes) Arranged in concentric rings

Answer 32

Lacunae

Question 33

Rings around the central canal Sites of lacunae

Answer 33

Lamellae

Question 34

Tiny canals Radiate from the central canal to lacunae Form a transport system

Answer 34

Canaliculi

Question 35

In embryos, the skeleton is primarily _________.

Answer 35

hyaline cartilage

Question 36

During development, much of this cartilage is replaced by bone. But the Cartilage remains in isolated areas

Answer 36

Bridge of the nose Parts of ribs Joints

Question 37

It allow for growth of long bone during childhood. New cartilage is continuously formed, Older cartilage becomes ossified. Cartilage is broken down, Bone replaces cartilage.

Answer 37

Epiphyseal plates

Question 38

Mature bone cells

Answer 38

Osteocytes

Question 39

Bone-forming cells

Answer 39

Osteoblasts

Question 40

Bone-destroying cells Break down bone matrix for remodeling and release of calcium

Answer 40

Osteoclasts

Question 41

a process by both osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Answer 41

Bone remodeling

Question 42

A break in a bone

Answer 42

Bone Fractures

Question 43

Types of bone fractures

Answer 43

Closed fracture and open fracture

Question 44

broken bone that does not penetrate the skin

Answer 44

Closed (simple) Fracture

Question 45

broken bone penetrates through the skin

Answer 45

Open (compound) fracture

Question 46

Bone fractures are treated by

Answer 46

reduction and immobilization

Question 47

Type of fracture that the bones break into many fragments

Answer 47

comminuted

Question 48

Type of fracture that is crushed and is more common in porous bones

Answer 48

Compression

Question 49

Type of fracture that the broken bone portion is pressed inward

Answer 49

Depressed

Question 50

Type of fracture that the broken bone ends are forced into each other

Answer 50

Impacted

Question 51

Type of fracture that ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied to the bone. It is a common sport injury.

Answer 51

Spiral

Question 52

Type of fracture where the bone breaks incompletely. Most common in children

Answer 52

Greenstick

Question 53

(blood-filled swelling)

Answer 53

Hematoma

Question 54

Break is splinted by fibrocartilage to form a

Answer 54

Callus

Question 55

remodeled to form a permanent patch

Answer 55

Bony Callus

Question 56

Forms the longitudinal part of the body

Answer 56

Axial Skeleton

Question 57

The 3 parts of the Axial Skeleton

Answer 57

Skull Vertebral column Bony thorax

Question 58

Two sets of bones in the skull

Answer 58

Cranium Facial bones

Question 59

It is Composed of 8 large flat bones. They are all single bones except for the parietal and temporal bones that are paired bones

Answer 59

Cranium

Question 60

Forms the forehead the bony projections under the eyebrows and the superior part of each eye’s orbit

Answer 60

Frontal Bones

Question 61

Paired and forms most of the superior and lateral walls of the cranium

Answer 61

Parietal Bones

Question 62

Lie inferior to the parietal bones

Answer 62

Temporal bones

Question 63

Most posterior bone of the cranium

Answer 63

Occipital bone

Question 64

Butterfly shaped bone spans the width of the skull and forms part of the floor of the cranial cavity

Answer 64

Sphenoid bone

Question 65

a small depression in the middle of the sphenoid which forms a snug enclosure for the pituitary gland

Answer 65

Sella turcica

Question 66

Forms the roof of the nasal cavity and part of the medial walls of the orbits

Answer 66

Ethmoid bone

Question 67

literally (cock’s comb) projecting from its superior surface

Answer 67

Crista galli

Question 68

Fourteen bones compose the face. Twelve are paired Only the mandible and vomer are single

Answer 68

FACIAL BONES

Question 69

The only 2 Facial bones that are single

Answer 69

mandible and vomer

Question 70

fuse to form the upper jaw

Answer 70

The two maxillae or maxillary bones

Question 71

Form the posterior part of the hard palate

Answer 71

Palatine bones

Question 72

Commonly referred to as the cheekbones

Answer 72

Zygomatic bones

Question 73

Fingernail sized bones forming part of the medial walls of each orbit

Answer 73

Lacrimal bones

Question 74

Forming the bridge of the nose

Answer 74

Nasal bones

Question 75

The single bone in the median line of the nasal cavity

Answer 75

Vomer bone

Question 76

thin, curved bones projecting medially from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

Answer 76

Inferior nasal concha

Question 77

lower jaw is the largest and strongest bone of the face

Answer 77

Mandible