Intro Flashcards
(107 cards)
1
Q
Anatomy
A
study of structure (morphology) of body part
2
Q
Physiology
A
study functions of body parts and how they interact
3
Q
section of body that does not include limbs
A
axial
4
Q
axis of the brain
A
neuraxis
5
Q
section of the body that includes limbs and pelvic girdle
A
appendicular
6
Q
anatomic word for back
A
Dorsal
7
Q
Two anatomical words for front
A
ventral or anterior
8
Q
a body plane where you divide the front half (anterior) part of body from posterior part (2 names)
A
frontal or coronal
9
Q
a body plane where you divide the right side from the left
A
sagittal
10
Q
a body plan where you divide horizontally
A
transverse
11
Q
meaning “toward the head”
A
rostral
12
Q
farther from attachment site (limbs only)
A
distal
13
Q
close to attachment site (limbs only)
A
proximal
14
Q
meaning “on the belly”
A
prone or pronate
15
Q
meaning “on the back”
A
supine or supinate
16
Q
away from midline
A
lateral
17
Q
closer to midline
A
medial
18
Q
bending at joint, usually towards ventral surface
A
flexion
19
Q
act of two ends pulling farther apart
A
extension
20
Q
extending joint too far
A
Hyperextension or dorsiflexion
21
Q
another word for hyperextension
A
dorsiflexion
22
Q
two parts of skull
A
cranial and facial
23
Q
what is the cranial portion of the skull?
A
part that houses brain
24
Q
Four major tissues in body
A
- Muscle
- Connective
- Epithelial
- Nervous
25
type of loose connective tissue important in binding
areolar
26
tissue aggregation that bind bone to bone
ligament
27
tissue aggregate that attaches muscle to bone or cartilage
tendon
28
what are the five bodily speech systems?
RPARN
Respiratory
Phonatory
Articulatory
Resonatory
Nervous
29
words that are named after the person who discovered them
Eponym
30
type of anatomy with diagnosis and treatment
applied or clinical
31
type of anatomy that relates indiv. parts of body to functional systems
descriptive
32
type of anatomy that studies of structures not visible without amplification
microscopic
33
type of anatomy that studies of structures visible to naked eye
gross
34
type of anatomy that examines growth and develop of organism
developmental
35
type of anatomy that studies disease and structural abnormalities
pathological
36
three sinuses in the head
frontal
maxillary
sphenoid
37
another word for posterior
dorsal
38
another term for superior
cranial
39
another word for inferior
caudal
40
a plane where the body is divided into equal right and left sections
midsagittal
41
anatomical term for sole of foot
plantar
42
anatomical term for palm of hand
palmar
43
anatomical term for "same side"
ipsi
44
anatomical term for "opposite side"
contra
45
study of tissue
histology
46
what are 5 places can you find epithelial tissue?
1. skin
2. organ linings
3. outer layer mucous membranes
4. inner lining of blood vessels
5. inner lining lymph vessels
47
which three cavities to mesothelial tissues line?
peritoneal, pleural and pericardial
48
which type of tissue has ECM?
connective
49
what are the three functions of connective tissue?
support, protect and provide structure
50
blood is a type of ___ tissue
connective
51
bones are a type of ___ tissue
connective
52
this type of connective tissue is supportive tissue and compact - found between muscles and organs
areolar
53
this type of connective tissue has fat cells
adipose
54
special connective tissue found in tonsils and adenoids
Lymphoid
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this type of connective tissue is special because both strong and elastic
cartilage
56
this type of connective tissue is dense, strong, organized; in ligaments and muscle incasing
white fibrous
57
this type of connective tissue is where connective tissue has to return to orig shape after swelling, like trachea/bronchial passageway
yellow elastic
58
these help with wound repair, secrete proteins
fibroblasts
59
these cells monch dead tissue
Macrophages
60
these cells secrete antibodies and defend against viruses
lymphocytes
61
these cells are the first response to inflammation
mast
62
three types of muscle tissue
striated, smooth, cardiac
63
these types of muscle tissues are involuntary
smooth and cardiac
64
this type of muscle tissue is voluntary
skeletal
65
term for bringing together
adduction
66
term for bringing apart
abduction
67
sheet-like membrane surrounding organs
fascia
68
tissue aggregate that attaches muscle to bone or cartilage
Tendon
69
joints are classified by their level of
mobility
70
type of joint that is not supposed to rotate or move
synarthrodial or fibrous
71
joints with limited mobility
Amphiarthrodial
72
most flexible type of joint
diathrodial or synovial
73
cranial nerve with sense of touch on face, controls many chewing muscles
V - trigeminal
74
Nerves that have to do with sensing
afferent
75
Nerves having to do with motor control
efferent
76
cranial nerve with motor for face muscles, tearing, sublingual and submandibular glands. Senes ear canal and skin of outer ear as well as taste for front of tongue
VII - facial
77
cranial nerve that mediates sense of sound from cochlea to brain stem, balance
VIII - vestibulocochlear/auditory
78
cranial nerve with taste for back of tongue and upper pharynx, sense for ear, swallow, gag and vomit reflexes (both)
IX - glossopharyngeal
79
cranial nerve that controls laryngeal muscle and sense larynx, pharynx, trachea, esophagus, thorax, abdomen
X - vagus
80
cranial nerve that controls motor of internal larynx muscles, innervates two muscles associated with respiration
XI - accessory
81
a projection from a structure is called a ___
process
82
small, rounded point of a bone is called a
tubercle
83
movement that decreases angle between two body parts
flexion
84
these type of joints involves sliding over surfaces
plane ✈️
85
ball and socket joints are also known as ___
spheroid or cotyloid joints
86
this type of joint is football-shaped
ellipsoid
87
this joint is also known as the "pivot" joint
Hint - T in pivot stands for trochoid
trochoid
88
this is another name for saddle joints
Hint - let's sell our saddles
sellar
89
this is another name for hinge joint
Hint - laughing door, silly name
ginglymus
90
this type of joint is a shallow bone socket - like ball and socket but not as deep
condylar
91
this is another name for fibrous joint
Hint: sinner - no mercy!
synarthrodial
92
this type of fibrous joint is not intended to move at all
suture
93
this type of fibrous joint is bound by fibrous ligaments
Hint - Moses the spider 🕷️
syndesmosis
94
this type of suture is what the teeth fit into
Hint - sounds like gums
gomphosis
95
joints are classified by these two things:
type of tissue
degree of movement
96
Three types of tissue that can be in joints
fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial
97
three types of joint by movement
Hint - how far can you THROW
synarthrosis (immoveable)
amphiarthrosis (slightly)
diarthrosis (freely)
98
two types of cartilaginous joints
synchondroses
symphyses
99
in synchondroses, bones are connected via ____ cartilage
hyaline
100
example of a symphyses joint
joints between vertebrae
101
six main types of synovial joints
1) hinge
2) saddle
3) plane
4) pivot
5) condyloid
6) ball and socket
102
example of hinge joint
knee
103
example of saddle joint
sternoclavicular
104
example of plane joint
metacarpals in hand
105
example of pivot joint
joint in neck that allows turning (between C1 and C2)
106
example of saddle joint
incus and malleus in middle ear
107
example condylar joint
larynx
