Phonation Muscles and Other Structures

Question 1

Thyroid cartilage has both ___ and ___ horns

Answer 1

inferior; superior

Question 2

Most inferior cartilage in larynx

Answer 2

cricoid

Question 3

Arytenoids on the superior surface of the ____ cartilage

Answer 3

cricoid

Question 4

The ____ cartilages sit on top of the arytenoid cartilages

Answer 4

Corniculate

Question 5

goes from inferior portion of hyoid bone to superior portion of thyroid body

Answer 5

thyrohyoid membrane

Question 6

goes from superior horn of thyroid cartilage to ends of hyoid bone

Answer 6

Lateral thyrohyoid ligament

Question 7

runs down center of hyoid bone to near the thyroid notch

Answer 7

Median thyrohyoid ligament

Question 8

this ligament connects epiglottis to hyoid bone

Answer 8

hypoepiglottic

Question 9

connect inferior-most portion of epiglottis to inner surface of thyroid cartilage

Answer 9

Thryoepiglottic ligament

Question 10

these ligaments connect the epiglottis to root of tongue

Answer 10

Lateral and median glossoepiglottic ligaments

Question 11

This ligament attaches the trachea to the larynx

Answer 11

Cricotracheal ligament

Question 12

This group of ligaments connect larynx cartilages and form support structure for cavity of larynx and vocal folds

Answer 12

intrinsic ligaments

Question 13

These four things make up the fribroelastic membrane

Answer 13

quadrangular membranes
aryepiglottic folds
conus elasticus
vocal ligament

Question 14

where is the thyroid gland in relation to the larynx?

Answer 14

hugging its side and inferior to it

Question 15

false vocal folds made from

Answer 15

quadrangular membranes and vestibular ligament

Question 16

the __ __ start at the epiglottis and thyroid, then go down in a cone shape at attach near the arytenoids

Answer 16

quadrangular membranes

Question 16

cuneiform cartilage is inside the ___ ___

Answer 16

quadrangular membranes

Question 17

The vocal ligament is made up of these two VF layers

Answer 17

ILP + DLP

Question 18

what are the five layers of the vocal folds from superficial to deep?

Answer 18

1) squamous epithelium
2) SLP
3) ILP
4) DLP
5) TA muscle

Question 19

this layer of the VF is made of epithelial tissue and helps with fluid retention

Answer 19

squamous epithelium

Question 20

these two VF layers are cross-layered and made of elastin fibers

Answer 20

SLP and ILP

Question 21

this layer of the VF is made of collagen fibers. Its role is to support the upper layers

Answer 21

DLP

Question 22

in VF layers, what does SLP stand for?

Answer 22

superficial lamina propria

Question 23

in VF layers, what does ILP stand for?

Answer 23

intermediate lamina propria

Question 24

in VF layers, what does DLP stand for?

Answer 24

deep lamina propria

Question 25

these two layers of the VF constitute the vocal ligament

Answer 25

ILP and DLP

Question 26

what is the function of the vocal ligament?

Answer 26

stiffness and support to vocal folds

Question 27

Some authors refer to superficial epithelium, SLP and ILP as ___ to VF, and DLP and TA as ___ of vocal folds

Answer 27

cover; body

Question 28

surgical removal of larynx called

Answer 28

laryngectomy

Question 29

opening of the trachea for alternate breathing, created surgically

Answer 29

tracheostoma

Question 30

space between false VF called

Answer 30

rima vestibuli

Question 31

cavity btwn tongue and epiglottis

Answer 31

valleculae

Question 32

space btwn false VF and true VF

Answer 32

Laryngeal ventricle/sinus

Question 33

what kind of joint is the cricothyroid joint?

Answer 33

pivot

Question 34

in anatomy, what is a cornu?

Answer 34

horn

Question 35

the pharyngeal recess, which is important for swallowing, is made up of these two structures

Answer 35

Pyriform sinuses + valleculae

Question 36

the epiglottis is attached to these two superior structures

Answer 36

hyoid and tongue

Question 37

what are four features of an infant's larynx that are different from an adult's

Answer 37

HIGHER - Larynx sits higher EPI - Epiglottis visible over back of tongue SOFTER - Laryngeal cartilage softer SOFTEE - ⅓ size of adult larynx

Question 38

what does the cricothyroid joint do?

Answer 38

Allows thyroid to rock down → stretches VF

Question 39

what do the cricoarytenoid joints do?

Answer 39

Can rock, glide and rotate (maybe) for adduction and abduction

Question 40

Answer 40

lateral cricoarytenoid muscle

Question 41

Answer 41

lateral cricoarytenoids

Question 42

Answer 42

transverse arytenoid

Question 43

Answer 43

oblique arytenoid

Question 44

Answer 44

posterior cricoarytenoid

Question 45

Answer 45

posterior cricoarytenoid

Question 46

Answer 46

cricothyroid medial - rectal lateral - oblique

Question 47

Answer 47

cricothyroid

Question 48

Answer 48

thyromuscularis

Question 49

the TA muscle is made up from these two

Answer 49

thyrovocalis (medial) and thyromuscularlis (lateral)

Question 50

Answer 50

thyrovocalis (medial)

Question 51

this part of the VF is not always present. We're pretty sure it's a relaxer but it's stillll a mysterrrry

Answer 51

superior TA

Question 52

Answer 52

aryepiglottic

Question 53

Answer 53

thyroepiglottic

Question 54

Answer 54

diagastric - post

Question 55

Answer 55

diagastric - ant

Question 56

Answer 56

stylohyoid

Question 57

Answer 57

mylohyoid

Question 58

Answer 58

hyoglossus

Question 59

Answer 59

geniohyoid

Question 60

Answer 60

genioglossus

Question 61

Answer 61

thyropharyngeus of inf. pharyngeal constrictor

Question 62

Answer 62

sternothyroid

Question 63

Answer 63

sternohyoid

Question 64

Answer 64

omohyoid - superior

Question 65

Answer 65

omohyoid inferior

Question 66

Answer 66

thyrohyoid

Question 67

suprahyoid muscles also called

Answer 67

strap muscles

Question 68

Extrinsic muscles above hyoid = __, below = ___

Answer 68

suprahyoid; infrahyoid