Intro to Dev (8) Flashcards

(25 cards)

1
Q

When can early social deprivation be studied?

A

When it occurs naturally

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2
Q

What is the maternal deprivation hypothesis?

A

During the critical period if a child is separated from its primary caregiver, the primary attachment is not formed.

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3
Q

What is the critical period?

A

time period when an organism is especially responsive to and learns from a specific type of stimulation

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4
Q

What is Bowlby’s view on how long the critical period lasts?

A

first 3 years of life

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5
Q

What is Bowlby’s view on what happens during the critical period?

A

development of social and emotional responsiveness

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6
Q

What is attachment?

A

close, emotional bond

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7
Q

What did Bowlby find out about delinquents with a history of maternal deprivation?

A

Maternal deprivation leads to: Superficial relationships, Little emotional response or concern.

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8
Q

What are the 2 other explanations for delinquency and separation?

A
  1. circumstances surrounding the separation

2. due to maltreatment

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9
Q

What did Follan and Minnis (2010) find when comparing Bowlby’s sample to children with reactive attachment disorder?

A

Maltreatment rather than separation explains subsequent delinquency

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10
Q

What did Harlow and Harlow (1962) find when young monkeys were raised in isolation?

A

When returned to other monkey showed social maladjustment

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11
Q

What is an effect on the brain if an attachment isn’t formed in the critical period?

A

Reduced brain activity found in institutionalized Romanian orphans

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12
Q

What is the internal working model?

A

more positive early attachment experiences are linked to more positive developmental outcomes

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13
Q

What are the 2 positives that have come about since the maternal deprivation hypothesis was formed?

A
  1. Improved childcare provision

2. Greater awareness of child’s emotional needs

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14
Q

What are the 2 negatives that have come about since the maternal deprivation hypothesis was formed?

A
  1. Day care controversy

2. Stigma around maternal employment

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15
Q

What is authoritarian parenting?

A

exerts power and coercion through the authority of status

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16
Q

Children under an authoritarian parent is?

A

unlikely to show much independence

17
Q

What is permissive parenting?

A

leaves their child to take care of themselves, rarely gives direction

18
Q

Children under a permissive parent is?

A

likely to have low self-control

19
Q

What is democratic parenting?

A

communicate principles that underlie appropriate behaviour

20
Q

What does the term ‘mind-minded’ refer to?

A

attuned their child on a psychological level and not just physical needs

21
Q

A child with a secure attachment will?

A
  1. Be distressed when attachment figure leaves

2. Quickly comforted when attachment figure returns

22
Q

A child with an avoidant attachment will?

A
  1. Not be distressed when the attachment figure leaves

2. Avoid the attachment figure when they return.

23
Q

A child with a resistant attachment will?

A
  1. Be overly upset when the attachment figure leaves.

2. Will seek and reject comfort when the attachment figure returns.

24
Q

A child with a disoriented attachment will?

A
  1. approaching the mother for comfort, but wear an anxious expression
  2. may seem calm for a while but then suddenly become severely distressed
25
What is partial deprivation?
multiple attachments results in negative consequences for the baby’s emotional development