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MEDIEVAL HISTORY > KINGS AND CHRONICLES > Flashcards

KINGS AND CHRONICLES Flashcards

1
Q

ALAMGIR NAMA IS THE HISTORY OF?

A

AURANGZEB.
ALAMGIR WAS A TITLE OF AURANGZEB.

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2
Q

CHAGHTAI TURKS TRACED DESCENT FROM THE YOUNGEST SON OF GHENGIZ KHAN.
TRUE/FALSE.

A

FALSE, ELDEST SON.
MUGHALS WERE CHAGHTAI TURKS BY ORIGIN.

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3
Q

WHO MADE PERSIAN THE LEADING LANGUAGE OF THE MUGHAL COURT?

A

AKBAR.

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4
Q

URDU SPRANG FROM THE INTERACTION OF?

A

PERSIAN WITH HINDAVI.

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5
Q

TRANSLATIONS OF SANSKRIT TEXTS SUCH AS THE MAHABHARATA AND THE RAMAYANA INTO PERSIAN WERE COMMISSIONED BY THE MUGHAL EMPERORS.
MAHABHARATA WAS TRANSLATED AS THE________.

A

RAZMNAMA (BOOK OF WARS).

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6
Q

________ WAS THE CENTRE OF MANUSCRIPTS PRODUCTION IN MUGHAL EMPIRE.

A

KITABKHANA.
ALL BOOKS IN MUGHAL INDIA WERE MANUSCRIPTS, THAT IS, THEY WERE HANDWRITTEN.
ALTHOUGH KITABKHANA CAN BE TRANSLATED AS LIBRARY, IT WAS A SCRIPTORIUM, THAT IS, A PLACE WHERE THE EMPEROR’S COLLECTION OF MANUSCRIPTS WAS KEPT AND NEW MANUSCRIPTS WERE PRODUCED.

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7
Q

TRANSLATIONS AT MAKTAB KHANA STARTED BY_______ IN ________.

A

AKBAR IN 1574.

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8
Q
  1. AKBAR ASSIGNED THE WORK TO A FEW OFFICIALS TO TRANSLATE THE SANSKRIT BOOKS RAJTARANGINI, RAMAYANA AND MAHABHARATA INTO PERSIAN LANGUAGE.
  2. RAMAYANA AND MAHABHARATA WERE TRANSLATED BY FAIZI AND ABD-AL QADIR BADAYUNI.
    TRUE/ FALSE.
A

BOTH TRUE.

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9
Q

AKBAR GAVE THE TITLE ZARRIN QALAM TO?

A

MUHAMMAD HUSAYN OF KASHMIR- ONE OF THE FINEST CALLIGRAPHERS AT AKBAR’S COURT WAS HONORED WITH THE TITLE “ZARRIN QALAM” (GOLDEN PEN).

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10
Q

PERSIAN PAINTER ASSOCIATED WITH ZAHIRUDDIN BABUR?

A

BIHZAD.

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11
Q

ARTISTS FROM NASIRUDDIN HUMAYUN?

A
  1. MIR SAYYID ALI.
  2. ABDUS SAMAD.
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12
Q

ABU’L FAZL SUPPORTED THE VIEWS OF CONSERVATIVE ULAMA.
TRUE/FALSE?

A

FALSE, HE OPPOSED IT.

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13
Q

TERM WAQAI MEANING IN MUGHAL PERIOD?

A

ACTUAL RECORDS OF EVENTS.

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14
Q

WHAT IS A DIACHRONIC AND SYNCHRONIC ACCOUNT?

A
  1. A DIACHRONIC ACCOUNT TRACES DEVELOPMENTS OVER TIME.
  2. SYNCHRONIC ACCOUNT DEPICTS ONE OR SEVERAL SITUATIONS AT ONE PARTICULAR MOMENT OR POINT OF TIME.
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15
Q

AUTHOR OF BADSHAH OR PADSHAH NAMA?

A

A PUPIL OF ABU’L FAZL, ABDUL HAMID LAHORI IS KNOWN AS THE AUTHOR OF THE BADSHAH NAMA (SHAH JAHAN’S HISTORY).

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16
Q

ALL THE THREE VOLUMES OF BADSHAH NAMA IS WRITTEN BY?

A

ABDUL HAMID LAHORI WROTE THE FIRST AND SECOND DAFTARS COMPRISING THE FIRST TWO DECADES OF THE EMPEROR SHAH JAHAN’S RULE.
THESE VOLUMES WERE LATER REVISED BY SADULLAH KHAN, SHAH JAHAN’S WAZIR.
THIRD DECADE OF SHAH JAHAN’S RULE WAS CHRONICLED BY THE MUHAMMAD WARIS.

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17
Q

ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL FOUNDED IN AND BY?

A

SIR WILLIAM JONES IN 1784.

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18
Q

EDITED VERSIONS OF THE AKBAR NAMA AND BADSHAH NAMA WERE FIRST PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.
IN THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY THE AKBAR NAMA WAS TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH BY_________.

A

HENRY BEVERIDGE.

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19
Q

BADSHAH NAMA HAS BEEN TRANSLATED COMPLETELY INTO ENGLISH.
TRUE/FALSE.

A

FALSE.
ONLY EXCERPTS OF THE BADSHAH NAMA HAVE BEEN TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH TO DATE; THE TEXT IN ITS ENTIRETY STILL AWAITS TRANSLATION.

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20
Q

TERM FARR-I IZADI MEANS?

A

ABUL’ FAZL PLACED MUGHAL KINGSHIP AS THE HIGHEST STATION IN THE HIERARCHY OF OBJECTS RECEIVING LIGHT EMANATING FROM GOD (FARR-I IZADI). HERE HE WAS INSPIRED BY A FAMOUS IRANIAN SUFI, SHIHABUDDIN SUHRAWARDI WHO FIRST DEVELOPED THIS IDEA.

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21
Q

IN SULH-I KUL ALL RELIGIONS AND SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT HAD FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION BUT ON A CONDITION.
TRUE/FALSE.

A

TRUE.
CONDITION- THAT THEY DID NOT UNDERMINE THE AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OR FIGHT AMONG THEMSELVES.
THE IDEA OF SULH-I KUL WAS IMPLEMENTED THROUGH STATE POLICIES.

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22
Q

WHICH TAXES WERE ABOLISHED BY AKBAR?

A

AKBAR ABOLISHED THE TAX ON
1. PILGRIMAGE (ZIYARAT) IN 1563.
2. JIZYA IN 1564.
AS THE TWO WERE BASED ON RELIGIOUS DISCRIMINATION.

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23
Q

JIZYA WAS REIMPOSED ON NON-MUSLIMS BY?

A

AURANGZEB.

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24
Q

HOW DID ABU’L FAZL DEFINED THE SOVEREIGNTY?

A

HE DEFINED SOVEREIGNTY AS A SOCIAL CONTRACT: THE EMPEROR PROTECTS THE FOUR ESSENCES OF HIS SUBJECTS, NAMELY
1. LIFE (JAN).
2. PROPERTY (MAL).
3. HONOUR (NAMUS)
4. FAITH (DIN)
AND IN RETURN DEMANDS OBEDIENCE AND A SHARE OF RESOURCES.

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25
Q

TERMY ALLEGORY MEANS?

A

THE ARTIST HAS ENVELOPED THE TARGET IN A DARK CLOUD TO SUGGEST THAT THIS IS NOT A REAL PERSON, BUT A HUMAN FORM USED TO SYMBOLISE AN ABSTRACT QUALITY. SUCH A MODE OF PERSONIFICATION IN ART AND LITERATURE IS TERMED ALLEGORY.

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26
Q

AXIS MUNDI MEANING?

A

AXIS MUNDI IS A LATIN PHRASE FOR PILLAR OR POLE THAT IS VISUALIZED AS THE SUPPORT OF THE EARTH.

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27
Q

IN 1570 AKBAR DECIDED TO BUILD A NEW CAPITAL, FATEHPUR SIKRI.
REASONS FOR THAT?

A

ONE OF THE REASONS PROMOTING THIS MAY HAVE BEEN THAT SIKRI WAS LOCATED ON THE DIRECT ROAD TO AJMER, WHERE THE DARGAH OF SHAIKH MUINUDDIN CHISHTI HAD BECOME AN IMPORTANT PILGRIMAGE CENTRE.

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28
Q

AKBAR COMMISSIONED THE CONSTRUCTION OF A WHITE MARBLE TOMB FOR__________ NEXT TO THE MAJESTIC FRIDAY MOSQUE AT SIKRI.

A

SHAIKH SALIM CHISHTI.

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29
Q

BULAND DARWAZA (FATEHPUR SIKRI) WAS MEANT TO REMIND?

A

TO REMIND VISITORS OF THE MUGHAL VICTORY IN GUJARAT.

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30
Q

TERM KORNISH MEANS?

A

KORNISH WAS A FORM OF CEREMONIAL SALUTATION IN WHICH THE COURTIER PLACED THE PALM OF HIS RIGHT HAND AGAINST HIS FOREHEAD AND BEND HIS HEAD.
IN AKBAR’S COURT.

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31
Q

TERM CHAHAR TASLIM MEANING?

A

IT IS A MODE OF SALUTATION WHICH BEGINS WITH PLACING THE BACK OF THE RIGHT HAND ON THE GROUND, AND RAISING IT GENTLY TILL THE PERSON STANDS ERECT, WHEN HE PUTS THE PALM OF HIS HAND UPON THE CROWN OF HIS HEAD.
IT IS DONE FOUR TIMES. TASLIM LITERALLY MEANS SUBMISSION.

32
Q

THE HIGHEST FORM OF SUBMISSION DURING MUGHAL TIME WAS?

A

SIJDA OR COMPLETE PROSTRATION.

33
Q

FORMS OF SALUTATION IN SHAH JAHAN’S RULE?

A

UNDER SHAH JAHAN’S RULE PREVIOUS RITUALS LIKE SIJDA WERE REPLACED WITH CHAHAR TASLIM AND ZAMINBOS (KISSING THE GROUND).

34
Q

TERM JHAROKA MEANING IN MUGHAL EMPIRE AND IT WAS INTRODUCED BY?

A

EMPEROR APPEARED ON A SMALL BALCONY, THE JHAROKA, FACING THE EAST.
JHAROKA DARSHAN WAS INTRODUCED BY AKBAR WITH THE OBJECTIVE OF BROADENING THE ACCEPTANCE OF THE IMPERIAL AUTHORITY AS LAST OF POPULAR FAITH.

35
Q

TAKHT-I MURASSA MEANING?

A

JEWELLED THRONE.

36
Q

TERM JAMA IN MUGHAL PERIOD?

A

UPPER GARMENT.
MAY HAVE OTHER MEANINGS TOO.

37
Q

TERM MIMAR MEANING IN MUGHAL EMPIRE?

A

OCCASIONALLY, THE EMPEROR VIEWED THE WORKS OF HIGHLY REPUTED ARTISTS OR BUILDING PLANS OF ARCHITECTS (MIMAR).

38
Q

TERM TULA DAN MEANING IN MUGHAL EMPIRE?

A

A CEREMONY CALLED JASHN-I WAZN OR TULA DAN IN WHICH THE PRINCE WAS WEIGHED IN PRECIOUS METALS.

39
Q

THE HINABANDI (APPLICATION OF HENNA DYE) CEREMONY WAS PERFORMED IN THE DIWAN-I AAM.
TRUE/FALSE.

A

FALSE.
DIWAN-I KHAS.

40
Q

THE MUGHAL KINGS CELEBRATED THREE MAIN FESTIVALS A YEAR. WHAT WERE THEY?

A

THE SOLAR AND LUNAR BIRTHDAYS OF THE MONARCH AND NAUROZ, THE IRANIAN NEW YEAR ON THE VERNAL EQUINOX.
ON HIS BIRTHDAYS, THE MONARCH WAS WEIGHED AGAINST VARIOUS COMMODITIES WHICH WERE THEN DISTRIBUTED IN CHARITY.

41
Q

GRAND TITLES WERE ADOPTED BY THE MUGHAL EMPERORS AT THE TIME OF CORONATION OR AFTER A VICTORY OVER AN ENEMY. THESE TITLES WERE ANNOUNCED BY______.

A

USHERS (NAQIB).

42
Q

TITLE MIRZA RAJA WAS ACCORDED BY AURANGZEB TO HIS TWO HIGHEST RANKING NOBLES ______&______.

A

JAI SINGH AND JASWANT SINGH.

43
Q

TITLES COULD BE EARNED OR PAID FOR. MIR KHAN OFFERED RS ONE LAKH TO ______ FOR THE LETTER ALIF, THAT IS A, TO BE ADDED TO HIS NAME TO MAKE IT AMIR KHAN.

A

AURANGZEB.

44
Q

MEANING OF TERM
1. KHILAT
2. SARAPA
3. SASH

A
  1. KHILAT- ROBE OF HONOUR
  2. SARAPA- HEAD TO FOOT, CONSISTED OF A TUNIC, A TURBAN AND A SASH (PATKA).
    THESE WERE KIND OF REWARDS GIVEN BY THE EMPEROR.
45
Q

TERM PADMA MURASSA MEANING?

A

THE LOTUS BLOOM SET WITH JEWELS, WAS GIVEN ONLY IN EXCEPTIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES.
WAS A KIND OF REWARD.

46
Q

TERM NAZR AND PESHKASH MEANING IN MUGHAL EMPIRE?

A

NAZR- SMALL SUM OF MONEY.
PESHKASH- LARGE AMOUNT.
A COURTIER NEVER APPROACHED THE EMPEROR EMPTY HANDED: HE OFFERED EITHER NAZR OR PESHKASH.

47
Q

THOMAS ROE WAS DISAPPOINTED WHEN A RING HE HAD PRESENTED TO ______ WAS RETURNED TO HIM FOR THE REASON THAT IT WAS WORTH MERELY 400 RUPEES.

A

ASAF KHAN.

48
Q

TERM HAREM MEANING AND ORIGIN?

A

TERM HAREM IS FREQUENTLY USED TO REFER TO THE DOMESTIC WORLD OF THE MUGHALS.
IT ORIGINATES IN THE PERSIAN WORD HARAM, MEANING A SACRED PLACE.

49
Q

HIERARCHY OF QUEENS IN MUGHAL EMPIRE?

A

IN MUGHAL HOUSEHOLD A DISTINCTION WAS MAINTAINED BETWEEN WIVES WHO CAME FROM ROYAL AND ARISTOCRATIC FAMILIES (BEGAMS), AND OTHER WIVES (AGHAS) WHO WERE NOT SO NOBLE BY BIRTH.
THE BEGAMS, MARRIED AFTER RECEIVING HUGE AMOUNTS OF CASH AND VALUABLES AS DOWER (MAHR), NATURALLY RECIEVED A HIGHER STATUS AND GREATER ATTENTION FROM THEIR HUSBANDS THAN DID AGHAS.
THE CONCUBINES (AGHACHA OR THE LESSER AGHA) OCCUPIED THE LOWEST POSITION IN THE HIERARCHY OF FEMALES INTIMATELY RELATED TO ROYALTY.
THEY ALL RECIEVED MONTHLY ALLOWANCES IN CASH, SUPPLEMENTED WITH GIFTS ACCORDING TO THEIR STATUS.
THE LINEAGE-BASED FAMILY STRUCTURE WAS NOT ENTIRELY STATIC.
THE AGHA AND THE AGHACHA COULD RISE TO POSITION OF A BEGAM DEPENDING ON THE HUSBAND’S WILL, AND PROVIDED THAT HE DID NOT ALREADY HAVE FOUR WIVES.

50
Q

KHWAJASARA MEANING IN MUGHAL EMPIRE AND THEIR FUNCTION?

A

SLAVE EUNUCHS (KHWAJASARA) MOVED BETWEEN THE EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL LIFE OF THE HOUSEHOLD AS GUARDS, SERVANTS AND ALSO AS AGENTS FOR WOMEN DABBLING IN COMMERCE.

51
Q

AFTER QUEEN ______, MUGHAL QUEENS AND PRINCESSES BEGAN TO CONTROL SIGNIFICANT FINANCIAL RESOURCES.

A

NUR JAHAN.

52
Q

SHAH JAHAN’S DAUGHTERS____&____ ENJOYED AN ANNUAL INCOME OFTEN EQUAL TO THAT OF HIGH IMPERIAL MANSABDARS.
_________, IN ADDITION, RECIEVED REVENUES FROM THE PORT CITY OF SURAT, WHICH WAS A LUCRATIVE CENTRE OF OVERSEAS TRADE.

A

JAHANARA AND ROSHANARA.
JAHANARA RECIEVED REVENUES FROM SURAT.

53
Q

THE BAZAAR OF CHANDNI CHOWK, THE THROBBING CENTRE OF SHAHJAHANABAD, WAS DESIGNED BY__________.

A

JAHANARA.

54
Q

HUMAYUN NAMA IS WRITTEN BY?

A

GULBADAN BEGUM.
SHE WAS THE DAUGHTER OF BABUR.

55
Q

HOW WERE GULBADAN BEGUM’S WRITINGS WERE DIFFERENT FROM OTHER MUGHAL WRITERS?

A

WHAT GULBADAN WROTE WAS NO EULOGY OF THE MUGHAL EMPERORS. RATHER SHE DESCRIBED IN GREAT DETAIL THE CONFLICTS AND TENSIONS AMONG THE PRINCES AND KINGS AND THE IMPORTANT MEDIATING ROLE ELDERLY WOMEN OF THE FAMILY PLAYED IN RESOLVING SOME OF THESE CONFLICTS.

56
Q

THE OFFICER CORPS OF THE MUGHALS WAS DESCRIBED AS A _________ HELD TOGETHER BY LOYALTY TO THE EMPEROR.

A

BOUQUET OF FLOWERS (GULDASTA).

57
Q

BOOK CHAR CHAMAN (FOUR GARDENS) WAS WRITTEN BY AND DURING THE REIGN OF?

A

CHANDRABHAN BARAHMAN, WRITTEN DURING THE REIGN OF SHAH JAHAN.

58
Q

TWO RULING GROUPS OF INDIAN ORIGIN ENTERED THE IMPERIAL SERVICE FROM 1560 ONWARDS: THE RAJPUTS AND THE INDIAN MUSLIMS (SHAIKHZADAS).
THE FIRST TO JOIN WAS A RAJPUT CHIEF, ________ TO WHOSE DAUGHTER AKBAR MARRIED.

A

RAJA BHARMAL KACHHWAHA OF AMBER.

59
Q

WHY DID IRANIANS GAINED HIGH OFFICES DURING REIGN OF JAHANGIR?

A

BECAUSE NUR JAHAN, HIS QUEEN, WHO WAS POLITICALLY INFLUENTIAL WAS AN IRANIAN.

60
Q

CONSIDER FOLLOWING IN RELATION TO MUGHALS
1. THE TROOPERS MAINTAINED SUPERIOR HORSES BRANDED ON THE FLANK BY THE IMPERIAL MARK (DAGH).
2. THE EMPEROR PERSONALLY REVIEWED CHANGES IN RANK, TITLES AND OFFICIAL POSTINGS FOR ALL.
3. AKBAR, WHO DESIGNED THE MANSAB SYSTEM, ALSO ESTABLISHED SPIRITUAL RELATIONSHIPS WITH A SELECT BAND OF HIS NOBILITY BY TREATING THEM AS HIS DISCIPLES (MURID).
TRUE/FALSE.

A
  1. TRUE.
  2. FALSE- EXCEPT THE LOWEST RANKED OFFICERS.
  3. TRUE.
61
Q

TERM TAZWIZ MEANING IN MUGHAL EMPIRE?

A

TAJWIZ, WAS A PETITION PRESENTED BY A NOBLEMAN TO THE EMPEROR, RECOMMENDING THAT AN APPLICANT BE RECRUITED AS MANSABDAR.

62
Q

WHO WAS MIR BAKSHI IN MUGHAL EMPIRE AND WHAT WAS HIS FUNCTION?

A

THE MIR BAKHSHI (PAYMASTER GENERAL) STOOD IN OPEN COURT ON THE RIGHT OF THE EMPEROR AND PRESENTED ALL CANDIDATES FOR APPOINTMENT OR PROMOTION, WHILE HIS OFFICE PREPARED ORDERS BEARING HIS SEAL AND SIGNATURE AS WELL AS THOSE OF THE EMPEROR.

63
Q

THREE IMPORTANT MINISTERS AT THE CENTRE OF MUGHAL EMPIRE?

A
  1. DIWAN-I ALA (FINANCE MINISTER)
  2. SADR-US SUDUR (MINISTER OF GRANTS OR MADAD-I MAASH, AND IN CHARGE OF APPOINTING LOCAL JUDGES OR QAZIS.
  3. MIR BAKHSHI
    THE THREE MINISTERS OCCASIONALLY CAME TOGETHER AS AN ADVISORY BODY, BUT WERE INDEPENDENT OF EACH OTHER.
64
Q

TERM BARID IN MUGHAL EMPIRE?

A

INTELLIGENCE OFFICERS.

65
Q

TERM MIR SAMAN IN MUGHAL EMPIRE?

A

INCHARGE OF IMPERIAL HOUSEHOLD.

66
Q

RESERVE FORCE OF MUGHALS?

A

NOBLES STATIONED AT THE COURT (TAINAT-I RAKAB) WERE A RESERVE FORCE TO BE DEPUTED TO A PROVINCE OR MILITARY CAMPAIGN.
THEY WERE DUTY BOUND TO APPEAR TWICE DAILY, MORNING AND EVENING, TO EXPRESS SUBMISSION TO THE EMPEROR IN THE PUBLIC AUDIENCE HALL.
THEY SHARED THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR GUARDING THE EMPEROR AND HIS HOUSEHOLD ROUND THE CLOCK.

67
Q

TERM QASID OR PATHMAR DURING MUGHAL EMPIRE MEANING?

A

NEWS REPORTS AND IMPORTANT OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS TRAVELED ACROSS THE LENGTH AND BREADTH OF THE REGIONS UNDER MUGHAL RULE BY IMPERIAL POST.
ROUND THE CLOCK RELAYS OF FOOT-RUNNERS (QASID OR PATHMAR) CARRIED PAPERS ROLLED UP IN BAMBOO CONTAINERS.

68
Q
  1. THE_________ SUPERVISED THE CORPS OF COURT WRITERS (WAQIA NAWIS) WHO RECORDED ALL APPLICATIONS AND DOCUMENTS PRESENTED TO THE COURT, AND ALL IMPERIAL ORDERS (FARMAN).
  2. IN ADDITION, AGENTS (WAKIL) OF NOBLES AND REGIONAL RULERS RECORDED THE ENTIRE PROCEEDINGS OF THE COURT UNDER THE HEADING “NEWS FROM THE EXALTED COURT” (______) WITH THE DATE AND TIME OF THE COURT SESSION (PAHAR).
A
  1. MIR BAKHSHI.
  2. AKHBARAT-I DARBAR-I MUALLA.
69
Q

PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATION OF MUGHAL EMPIRE?

A
  1. SUBA- GOVERNOR OR SUBADAR WAS HEAD WHO DIRECTLY REPORTED TO EMPEROR; DIWAN, BAKHSHI AND SADR WERE SUBORDINATES OF SUBADAR.
  2. SARKARS, INTO WHICH EACH SUBA WAS DIVIDED, OFTEN OVERLAPPED WITH THE JURISDICTION OF FAUJDARS.
  3. PARGANA- LOCAL ADMINISTRATION WAS LOOKED AFTER AT THE LEVEL OF THE PARGANA (SUB- DISTRICT) BY THREE SEMI-HEREDITARY OFFICERS, THE QANUNGO (KEEPER OF REVENUE RECORDS), THE CHAUDHURI (IN CHARGE OF REVENUE COLLECTION) AND THE QAZI.
70
Q

QANDAHAR AND THE MUGHALS?

A
  • QANDAHAR WAS A BONE OF CONTENTION BETWEEN THE SAFAVIDS AND THE MUGHALS.
  • THE FORTRESS-TOWN HAD INITIALLY BEEN IN THE POSSESSION OF HUMAYUN, RECONQUERED IN 1595 BY AKBAR.
  • IN 1613 JAHANGIR SENT A DIPLOMATIC ENVOY TO THE COURT OF SHAH ABBAS TO PLEASE THE MUGHAL CASE FOR RETAINING QANDAHAR, BUT THE MISSION FAILED.
  • IN THE WINTER OF 1622 A PERSIAN ARMY BESIEGED QANDAHAR.
  • THE ILL-PREPARED MUGHAL GARRISON WAS DEFEATED AND HAD TO SURRENDER THE FORTRESS AND THE CITY TO THE SAFAVIDS.
71
Q

HIJAZ, THAT PART OF THE OTTOMAN ARABIA WHERE THE IMPORTANT PILGRIM CENTRES OF MECCA AND MEDINA WERE LOCATED.
THE MUGHAL EMPEROR USUALLY COMBINED RELIGION AND COMMERCE BY EXPORTING VALUABLE MERCHANDISE TO ADEN AND MOKHA. WHAT ARE ADEN AND MOKHA MENTIONED HERE?

A

THEY BOTH ARE RED SEA PORTS.

72
Q

FIRST JESUIT MISSION REACHED AT_______ IN_______.

A

AT FATEHPUR SIKRI IN 1580.
AKBAR.

73
Q

LEADER OF FIRST JESUIT MISSION?

A

PADRE RUDOLF ACQUAVIVA.

74
Q

WHAT IS HOM IN THE HARAM?

A

HOM IN HARAM IS A CEREMONY DERIVED FROM FIRE WORSHIP (ATISH-PARASTI).
MENTIONED IN ABDUL QADIR BADAUNI’S MUNTAKHAB-UT TAWARIKH.

75
Q

ALAMGIR NAMA IS COMPILED BY?

A

ALAMGIR NAMA, A HISTORY OF THE FIRST TEN YEARS OF AURANGZEB’S REIGN COMPILED BY MUHAMMAD KAZIM.

76
Q

JAHANGIR NAMA IS WRITTEN BY?

A

JAHANGIR.

MEDIEVAL HISTORY (15 decks)

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