Lab 12 female and male anatomy

Question 1

what is the reproductive system’s function?

Answer 1

The reproductive system functions to create gametes (cells with only 23 chromosomes) in the form of spermatozoa
(sperm) in males and oocytes (eggs) in females, to allow these gametes to meet, and to provide a place for the
developing embryo and fetus to grow. The reproductive system also secretes hormones that control these functions.

Question 2

is the pelvic inlet the top or buttom line

Answer 2

top

Question 3

is the pelvic outlet the top or buttom line

Answer 3

buttom

Question 4

What organs are found in the True pelvis?

Answer 4

Reproductive structures, bladder, rectum

Question 5

What organs are found in the False pelvis?

Answer 5

Small intestine, large intestine

Question 6

what are 3 differences between male and female pelvis?

Answer 6

1. Pelvic inlet and outlet wider in females
2. smaller pubic angle in males
3. Coccyx points inferiorly in females, anteriorly in males

Question 7

What is the functional reason for differences between the male and female pelvis?

Answer 7

Allows childbirth in females

Question 8

Gametogenesis in males is the formation of (1)___________ (sperm) in the (2)_________ which are housed
outside the body in the (3)__________ for temperature control. This process is called spermatogenesis.

Answer 8

1. Spermatozoa
2. Testis
3. Scrotum

Question 9

What type of cell division is used to produce haploid sperm cells? How many cycles of cell division occur
to produce these cells?

Answer 9

Meiosis. 2 cell divisions makes 4 new sperm cells.

Question 10

The cells that undergo meiotic division to form spermatozoa are called spermatogonia.
How many chromosomes do these cells have? How many spermatozoa are produced from one
spermatogonium?

Answer 10

46 chromosomes. 4 sperm

Question 11

Why do males have the ability to continually produce sperm throughout their life?

Answer 11

Because spermatogonia keep dividing by mitosis throughout life

Question 12

Two non-spermatogenic cells are found within the testes.
Name both these cells and state what each produce

Answer 12

1. Inserstitial cells - testosterone
2. Nurse cells - growth factors

Question 13

What is the main male reproductive hormone? What cells secrete this hormone?

Answer 13

Testosterone - interstitial cells

Question 14

Outline three primary sex characteristics caused by testosterone.

Answer 14

Hair growth (face and body), Greater muscle mass, deeper voice, increased height

Question 15

What role does testosterone have in spermatogenesis?

Answer 15

Supports spermitation

Question 16

Name the hormones produced by the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary that are involved in male
reproduction.

Answer 16

Hypothalamus:
1: GnRH
Anterior pituitary:
1. Follicle stimulating hormone
2. Luteinising hormone

Question 17

What effect does testosterone have on muscle?

Answer 17

Increases muscle growth

Question 18

What effect does severe overtraining have on the reproductive system in males?

Answer 18

Reduced testosterone leading to reduction in muscle mass

Question 19

Why are the testes housed outside the body?

Answer 19

Cooling. Spermatogenesis needs to occur at 33-35 degrees

Question 20

Name the three accessory glands. What is their function?

Answer 20

Seminal gland, prostate, bulbourethral gland.
function is semen production

Question 21

Name the two types of erectile tissues within the penis.

Answer 21

Corpus spongiosum

Corpus carvernosum

Question 22

structure:
Scrotum, what is the function

Answer 22

function:
Houses the testes outside of the body

Question 23

structure:
what is Ductus deferens, and what is the function

Answer 23

function:
It’s a long, muscular tube with the function that Transports sperm

Question 24

structure:
Prostate, Seminal vesicles,
Bulbourethral gland

Answer 24

function:
Accessory glands which produce seminal fluid to support sperm

Question 25

structure: Testis

Answer 25

function: Site of gametogenesis in males

Question 26

structure: Epididymis

Answer 26

function: Place where sperm mature

Question 27

structure: testis 2

Answer 27

function: Place where sperm mature

Question 28

what is spermatogenesis?

Answer 28

Spermatogenesis is the process of sperm cell development in the testes, specifically within the seminiferous tubules. It involves a series of mitotic and meiotic divisions, along with metamorphic changes, to transform immature sperm cells into mature spermatozoa.

Question 29

what is the lobule

Answer 29

These are the tubes within the testis that contain the seminiferous tuble

Question 30

what is the seminiferous tuble?

Answer 30

these are the sperm factory within the Lobules

Question 31

what does luteinizing hormone do in male and females

Answer 31

In females, LH triggers ovulation (the release of an egg from the ovary) and stimulates the production of estrogen and progesterone. In males, LH stimulates testosterone production in the testes. It also plays a role in sexual development and fertility in both sexes.

Question 32

what does the GnRH hormone do in male and females

Answer 32

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to release follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which in turn control the production of sex hormones. responsible for puberty, sexual development, and reproductive function.

Question 33

what does the follicle stimulating hormone do in male and female

Answer 33

regulates reproductive functions in both males and females. In females, it stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles, which contain eggs, and promotes estrogen production. In males, FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes.