lab manual 6 Neuroanatomy Flashcards
(33 cards)
what is the Central Nervous System (CNS)
The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain
and spinal cord.
The CNS is responsible for information
processing – integrates, processes and coordinates
sensory (incoming) and motor commands
(initiates a response).
what is the Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is all
nervous tissue that is not part of the CNS,
i.e. all nervous tissue that is not the brain or
spinal cord
The PNS is comprised of cranial nerves,
spinal nerves, and the nerves and ganglia of the
autonomic nervous system.
What gross anatomical structures comprise the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
brain and spinal cord
What gross anatomical structures comprise the Peripheral Nervous System (CNS)?
Spinal nerves, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves
what is the definition of Somatic sensory division?
it’s Involved in sensations we are aware of e.g., pain, touch, temperature
what is the definition of Visceral sensory division:
it’s Involved in sensations we are not aware of e.g., Blood pressure, heart rate, respiratpry rate
what is the definition of Somatic motor division:
Involved in producing voluntary muscles contractions that we can control. Innervation is to
skeletal muscles
what is the defenition of Autonomic motor division:
Involved in producing automatic muscles contractions that we cannot control. Innervation
is to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands, lung tissue
what is the neuron and its function?
Neurons are cells specialised for the transfer and
communication of neural information
communication.
what is a synapse
it is the junction where two neurons, or a neuron and another cell like a muscle cell, communicate by transmitting electrical or chemical signals
what is the grey and white matter?
the two main tissue types in the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord
what is a white matter
is tissue in the nervous system containing bundles of axons covered in myelin sheath
what is grey matter
it’s tissue that contains groups of cell bodies, dendrites and axon
terminals
Which anatomical region of a neuron is located in white matter?
the axon
Which anatomical region of a neuron is located in grey matter?
the cell body
In the Central Nervous System (CNS), myelin sheaths are formed by which type of
cell?
the Oligodendrocyte
In the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), myelin sheaths are formed by which type of
cell?
Schwann cell
What is one function of a myelin sheath
To increase the speed of conduction of the electrical impulses
what are Fissures
deep grooves that subdivide each cerebral hemisphere
what are the Gyri
ridges or folds in the cerebral hemispheres that increase its
surface area
Sulci
shallow grooves in the cerebral hemispheres that separate
adjacent gyri
what are the major fissures of the cerebrum
Longitudinal fissure
Lateral fissure
Transverse fissue
what is the cerebrum
the top and biggest part of the brain
what is the cerebullum
this is the small part of the brain, placed at the back
