Lab diagnosis 3 Flashcards
Which tests requires a signed consent form.
Computed Tomography (CT) Scan
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Colonoscopy
Ultrasound
Intravenous pyleography (IVP)
x-rays
Consent?
Procedure?
Purpose?
Does not require consent
Remove jewelry
head trauma, ICP, skull fractures congenital abnormalities
Skeletal
Fractures, arthritis, osteomyelitis
Chest
Abnormal: pneumonia, TB, tumors, pneumothorax, scoliosis
Heart
Abnormal: cardiomegaly, aorta abnormalities
KUB (kidneys, ureters, bladder)
Abnormal: Abnormal size of KUB, renal calculi, masses
Ultrasonography
Consent?
Procedure?
Purpose?
Signed consent
Removal of jewelry
NPO for 6hrs for all abdominal studies
All Abdominal studies Fat Free meal night before
Body structures Abdominal aorta Brain Arteries/veins (Doppler) Gallbladder Heart Kidneys, Liver Pelvis Pancreas Spleen Thyroid
The exam typically requires insertion of an ultrasound probe into the rectum of the patient.
Pelvic US
24 ounces of water 1 hour prior to test – no voiding until after US
Prostate US
Enema 1 hour prior to US
16 oz water 1 hour prior – no voiding until after US
CT Scan
Consent?
Procedure?
Purpose?
Computed Tomography Scan
Signed consent form
Procedure: NPO 4 hrs prior if IV contrasted
Assess if client is allergic to contrast
May give prescribed meds with sm amt of water
Clients needs to remain still during procedure
Purpose: Screen for CAD, head, liver, renal lesions, tumors, edema, bone destruction
Mammography
Consent?
Procedure?
Purpose?
Procedure: Removal of jewelry No powder/ ointments on breast No deodorants Contraindicated in pregnancy
Women between 35 and 40 yrs every 2 years
Women >40 yrs yearly
Purpose: breast cancer detection
MRI
Consent?
Procedure?
Purpose?
Magnetic resonance imaging
Signed consent form
Procedure:
Inform client there is no exposure to radiation
Empty bladder prior to test
Remove all jewelry
Contraindicated in clients with pacemakers, pregnancy, epilepsy
Purpose
Detect CNS lesion (central nervous system the brain and spinal cord). It can also be used to identify tumors, strokes, degenerative diseases, inflammation, infection, and other abnormalities in organs and other soft tissue of the body. One last major difference is cost – MRIs cost a lot more than CT scans.
GI series
Consent?
Procedure?
Purpose?
Signed informed consent
Procedure:
NPO and no smoking 8 – 12 hrs before test
Hold meds 8 hrs before test
Hold narcotics & anticholinergic drugs for 24 hours
Client swallows barium
Laxative administered post testing to aid in getting barium out of GI tract
Purpose:
Upper GI series
Barium swallow
Small bowel series
Fluoroscopic and x-ray examinations of esophagus, stomach, small intestine
IVP
Consent?
Procedure?
Purpose?
Intravenous Pyelography
Signed concent
Procedure:Assess for iodine, seafood, contrast dye allergies
NPO 8 – 12 hours
Laxative night before, possible cleansing enema a.m. of test
Purpose
Identify abnormal size, shape and functioning of kidneys
Detect renal calculi, tumor, cyst
Colonoscopy
Consent?
Procedure?
Purpose?
Colonoscopy
Signed informed consent
Procedure:
_Antiqualagulation_meds should be withheld one week prior
Clear liquids day before
Prep drink (GoLytely) evening before
Purpose:
To detect origin of lower intestinal bleeding
Identify polyps in large intestine
To screen for tumors in the colon
ECG, EKG
Consent?
Procedure?
Purpose?
Electrocardiography (ECG, EKG) – records electrical impulses of the heart
Purpose:
Detects cardiac dysrhythmias
Identify electrolyte imbalances
Monitor changes during stress tests and during the recovery phase after an MI
EEG
Consent?
Procedure?
Purpose?
Electroencephalography
Procedure:
Shampoo hair evening before – no oil or hairspray
Physician decides whether or not to withhold meds
No sleeping pills, sedatives night before
No coffee, tea, cola, ETOH before test
Purpose:
Detect seizure disorder
Identify brain tumor, or intracranial hemorrhage
Assist in determination of cerebral death
