Pathogen human Interaction

Question 1

Opportunistic pathogens

Answer 1

most of these pathogens are not normally dangerous but now grow out of control due to lack of competition or weakened immune system

We probably already have them

Question 2

true pathogens

Answer 2

True pathogens – capable of causing disease in healthy persons with normal immune defenses

Question 3

Virulence

Answer 3

 Severity of the disease/infection
 Depends upon specific pathogen
 Virulence factor –characteristics of microbe that contributes to the ability to cause disease

Question 4

Infectious dose (ID)

Answer 4

Minimum number of microbes required for infection to proceed.
Microbes with small IDs have greater virulence.
ID not met = lack of infection

Question 5

ID^50

Answer 5

Infection dose= ID^50

50% of people will be infected at this amount

Question 6

High communicable disease

Answer 6

Very contagious

Question 7

direct vs indirect

Answer 7

Direct- Human to Human

Indirect- Food/object to human

Question 8

Vehicle

Answer 8

– Vehicle – inanimate material, food, water, biological products used to indirectly pass a virus

Question 9

Non-communicable disease

Answer 9

Opportunistic pathogens

Natural sources

Question 10

Reservoir

Answer 10

Reservoir – primary habitat of pathogen in the natural world

Question 11

Source

Answer 11

Source – individual or object from which an infection is actually acquired

Patient 0

Question 12

Asymptomatic carrier

Answer 12

Asymptomatic carrier – shows no symptoms

Question 13

Passive carriers

Answer 13

Passive carriers – transfer pathogens from patient to patient

Question 14

Incubation carriers

Answer 14

Incubation carriers – spread the infectious agent during the incubation period

Question 15

Convalescent carrier

Answer 15

Convalescent carriers – get sick but start recuperating without symptoms

Question 16

Chronic carrier

Answer 16

Chronic carrier – individual who shelters the infectious agent for a long period

Question 17

Nosocomial Infections

Answer 17

Diseases that are acquired or developed during a hospital stay

Question 18

Vector

Answer 18

A live animal (other than human) that transmits an infectious agent from one host to another is called a vector

Question 19

Biological Vector

Mechanical Vector

Answer 19

Biological vectors – actively participate in a pathogen’s life cycle

Mechanical vector – not necessary to the life cycle of an infectious agent and merely transports it without being infected