LEC62: Vascular Anatomy: The Aorta Flashcards Preview

Structures: Part Deux > LEC62: Vascular Anatomy: The Aorta > Flashcards

Flashcards in LEC62: Vascular Anatomy: The Aorta Deck (42)
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1
Q

major parts of the aorta

A

aortic valve

ascending aorta

transverse aortic arch

descneidng aorta

thoracho-abdominal aorta

abdominal aorta

aortic bifurcation

pelvic arteries

2
Q

first branches off of aorta?

A

R and L coronary aa

3
Q

order of branches off of aortic arch?

A

1) incominate / brachiocephalic trunk > R carotid, R subclavin
2) L carotid
3) L subclavian

4
Q

4 vessels that go to brain? what is unique about them?

A

R and L carotids and vertebral aa

can serve brain with just 1 of these vessels because of extensive collateral circulation

5
Q

identify vessels

A
6
Q

most common artery used for bypass? what does it replace?

A

internal thoracic used to replaced L coronary artery

7
Q

what is double aortic arch? incidence?

A

0.01% of patients

duplicated aortic arch

circular/redundant secondary arch encircles trachea and esophagus, can cause clinical sequealae and make difficult to swallow, breathe

8
Q

what’s an aberrant right subclavian artery

A

comes off aortic arch LAST rather than immediately from inominant / brachiocephalic trunk

so must loop around to get from L to R side of body

can compress trachea and esophagus

9
Q

what is this

A

aberrant right subclavian artery

10
Q

what is happening here

A

see aberrant R subclavian artery beating on wall of trachea/esophagus

11
Q

what is aberrant L subclavian artery

A

comes off as 1st vessel in transverse aortic arch

12
Q

what is bovine arch?

A

11% occurrence

3 branches come off of 1 branch - L common carotid comes off of inominant / brachiocephalic trunk too

13
Q

types of arterial vascular diseases?

A

1) occlusive disease
2) aneurysm disease

14
Q

what is occlusive disease, where

A

plaque, hardening, stenosis

in carotid aa

cause of strokes

15
Q

what is aneurism

A

wall of artery cracks, leakage outside of artery, causes dilitation

16
Q

why do strokes occur

A

internal carotid develops plaque

plaque > downstraem > brain

loss of circulation in brain

17
Q
A

plaque build up > stenosis > stroke

18
Q
A

stroke

19
Q

what is thoracic outlet syndrome

A

extra cervical rib in thoracic outlet where nn, aa, vv traverse anterior & middle scalene mm, compresses the brachial plexus, subclavian aa

20
Q

cause of aneurysm or stenosis of subclavian artery?

A

thoracic outlet syndrome

21
Q

what is arrow pointing to

A
22
Q

what is arrow pointing to

A

stenosis

23
Q
A

aneurismal degeneration of entire aortic arch

if in transverse arch, likely syphilis

24
Q

what is artery of adamkiewicz?

A

aka great radicular artery

makes a hairpin turn by anterior spinal artery

crucial to spinal circulation for most all animals

very important to not damage in younger person, can lead to paralysis

25
Q

what supplies diaphragm?

A

phrenic artery from abdominal aorta

26
Q

abdominal aorta major branches

A

celiac artery

superior mesenteric artery

renal arteries

inferior mesenteric artery

iliac arteries

27
Q

branches of celiac artery

A

splenic

left gastric

common hepatic

gastroduodenal

28
Q

where is most common site for occlusion of aorta?

A

renal arteries

29
Q

SMA branches

A

interior pancreatico-duodenal

jejunal branches

middle colic

ileocolic

these begin collateralization btwn all otehr mesenteric/intestinal branches

30
Q

how many renal arteries? where?

A

come off abdominal aorta after SMA

2 renal arteries

usu R then L (60% of time)

31
Q

what comes off abdominal aorta after renal aa? branches?

A

inferior mesenteric artery

left colic, sigmoidal, superior-hemmorhoidal

32
Q

name these branches of aorta

A
33
Q

where does aorta terminate?

A

at common iliac aa

34
Q

what are the mesenteric collaterals?

A

1) superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal aa, via gastroduodenal a, for celiac-SMA
2) arc of riolan, “meandering mesenteric artery,” for SMA-IMA
3) marginal artery of drummond (at periphery of colon)
4) lumbars, epigatric, middle sacral, internal iliac

35
Q

what is arc of riolan?

A

anastomoses between IMA and SMA

runs in the mesentery

36
Q

what is arc of drummond?

A

IMA-SMA collateralization

runs just on the inside of the mesentery

37
Q
A

horseshoe kidney

38
Q

what is this

A

horseshoe kidney

39
Q

what is this

A

hepatic artery aneurysm

40
Q

what is this

A

splenic artery aneurysm

41
Q
A

marginal artery of drummond

IMA-SMA, more interior

42
Q
A

arc of riolan

SMA-IMA collateralization, more exterior in mesentery