Lecture 13 AI generated Flashcards
Describe the key components of a healthy diet according to dietary guidelines.
A healthy diet should be energy balanced, meet nutrient intake recommendations for growth and development and body function, adhere to food-based dietary guidelines for chronic disease prevention, and ensure food safety.
What are the qualifications of members typically found in a dietary guideline committee?
Members of a dietary guideline committee usually have PhD degrees and backgrounds in physiology, medicine, molecular nutrition, food technology, toxicology, behavioral science, epidemiology, and nutrition.
How are prospective cohort studies utilized in the development of dietary guidelines?
Prospective cohort studies are used to observe groups of participants over time, such as coffee drinkers and non-coffee drinkers, to calculate relative risks and incidence proportion ratios for associations between diet and health outcomes.
Define confounder in the context of a prospective cohort study.
In a prospective cohort study, a confounder is a variable that distorts the true relationship between an exposure (like coffee consumption) and an outcome (like disease incidence), leading to potential bias in the study results.
What types of studies are commonly used in the creation of dietary guidelines?
Dietary guidelines often rely on a combination of prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials to inform recommendations for healthy eating habits and disease prevention.
Describe the concept of confounding in a research study.
Confounding refers to a variable that influences both the independent variable and dependent variable, leading to a false association between them.
What is the main advantage of a randomized controlled trial (RCT)?
The main advantage of an RCT is that confounders are equally distributed among groups due to random assignment, reducing bias.
Define FBDGs in the context of nutrition.
FBDGs stand for Food-Based Dietary Guidelines, which provide recommendations on healthy eating habits and food choices.
How do FBDGs typically advise on the consumption of fruits and vegetables?
FBDGs usually recommend eating more plant-based foods like fruits and vegetables, with specific daily or weekly intake goals.
Describe one of the ‘replace’ guidelines often included in FBDGs.
One of the ‘replace’ guidelines commonly found in FBDGs is to replace unhealthy food choices with healthier alternatives, such as switching from refined to whole-grain products.
Describe sustainable diets in terms of environmental impacts and characteristics.
Sustainable diets have low environmental impacts, are protective of biodiversity, culturally acceptable, economically fair, nutritionally adequate, and contribute to food security for present and future generations.
What are the key components of theAT-lancet diet for sustainability?
The EAT-lancet diet includes optimal caloric intake, diversity of plant-based foods, limited animal source foods, unsaturated fats, limited refined grains, increased fruits/vegetables/legumes/nuts, and reduced added sugars and red meat.
How does the EAT-lancet diet contribute to sustainability?
The EAT-lancet diet promotes sustainable practices by emphasizing plant-based foods, reducing animal products, limiting processed foods, and focusing on environmental impact reduction.
Define the Mediterranean diet and its benefits.
The Mediterranean diet is known for protecting against cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, cancers, fulfilling micronutrient requirements, aiding in weight management, and potentially preventing cognitive decline and mental disorders.
Why is a sustainable food system necessary according to the provided content?
A sustainable food system is needed due to increasing food demand, environmental concerns like greenhouse gas emissions, competition for arable land, and the lack of guaranteed access to safe and nutritious food for all consumers.
