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Biology 007 > Lecture 13: Invertebrates I > Flashcards

Lecture 13: Invertebrates I Flashcards

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1
Q

What are some body plans?

A

Symmetry, Tissue, Body cavity, type of development, level of organization

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2
Q

What is asymmetry?

A

No organization

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3
Q

What is radial symmetry?

A

Any division through central axis yields mirror images

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4
Q

What is bilateral symmetry?

A

Only one division through middle yields mirror images

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5
Q

What is cephalization?

A

Head sensory organs concentrated at anterior end

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6
Q

What is ectoderm?

A

germ layer covering the surface of the embryo. It gives rise to nervous system, integumentary system.

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7
Q

What is the mesoderm?

A

The germ layer in the middle. It gives rise to muscular and skeletal systems and internal organs

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8
Q

What is endoderm?

A

The inner most germ layer. It gives rise to digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems.

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9
Q

What does it mean to have no tissue?

A

No organization

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10
Q

What does it mean to have diploblastic tissues?

A

2 layers of both ectoderm and endoderm

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11
Q

What does it mean to have triploblastic tissues?

A

3 layers which are ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm

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12
Q

What is the coelom?

A

The hollow body cavity

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13
Q

What is coelomate?

A

Animals with a true body cavity. The coelom derived from mesoderm only and it also lines both body wall and digestive tract.

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14
Q

What is pseudocoelomate?

A

It is a false hollow. The coelom is derived from both mesoderm and endoderm. It also lines body wall but not digestive tract.

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15
Q

What is the acoelomate?

A

No body cavity

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16
Q

What is the zygote?

A

The fertilized egg

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17
Q

What is the morula?

A

The ball of cells

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18
Q

What is blastula?

A

The hollow ball of cells

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19
Q

What is the gastrula?

A

Gastrulation and is where the tissue folds inward to form gastrointestinal tract

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20
Q

The protostome a part of the gastrula, what is it?

A

The first opening which is the mouth where it formed first

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21
Q

The deuterostome a part of the gastrula, what is it?

A

The second opening which also is the mouth

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22
Q

What are the five types of level or organization?

A

Cellular, tissue, organ, and organ system

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23
Q

What does the “Kingdom Animalia” mean?

A

Has a soul

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24
Q

What is the common ancestor of animalia?

A

Phylum: choanoflagellata. Some where in colonies

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25
What is metazoans?
Multicellular animals.
26
What is the phylum for metazoans?
Porifera which are sponges during the Ediacaran period. They formed first.
27
What are eumetazoans?
Animals with true tissues
28
What are some features of eumetazoans?
1. Radial symmetry 2. Bilateral symmetry
29
What are the phylum of eumetazoans that have radial symmetry?
1. Cnidaria 2. Cnetophora
30
What is the phylum cnidaria?
Jellyfish during the ediacaran period
31
What is the phylum cnetophora?
Comb jellies during the cambrian period
32
What are the phylum of eumetazoans that have bilateral symmetry and are protosomes?
1. Platyhelminthes 2. Nematoda 3. Rotifera 4. Mollusca 5. Annelida 6. Arthropoda
33
What is the phylum platyhelminthes?
flatworms
34
What is the phylum nematoda?
round worms
35
What is the phylum rotifera?
rotifers
36
What is the phylum mollusca
mollusks
37
What is the phylum annelida?
segmented worms
38
What is the phylum arthropoda?
arthropods
39
What are the phylum of eumetazoans that have bilateral symmetry and have deuterostomes?
1. Ectoprocta 2. Brachiopoda 3. Echinodermata 4. Chordata
40
What is the phylum ectoprocta?
Bryozoans
41
What is the phylum brachiopoda?
brachiopods
42
What is the phylum echinodermata?
echinoderms
43
What is the phylum chordata?
chordates
44
What is the phylum porifera?
sponges
45
What are some features for phylum porifera?
1. no gut 2. no symmetry 3. cellular level of organization(no tissue) 4. have 4 cell types
46
What are the 4 cell types of phylum porifera?
1. Choanocytes 2. Amoebocyres 3. Porocytes 4. Pinacocytes
47
What are choanocytes?
collar cells which filter feeding(choanoderm)
48
What are amoebocytes?
Cells that digest and transport food
49
What are porocytes?
Cells that guard dermal ostia
50
What are pinacocytes?
Cells that are sponge epidermis(pinacoderm)
51
What is the mesohyl?
The geletinous region between pinacoderm and choanoderms
52
What are the canal systems in Phylum porifera(asconoid type)?
Asconoid Type 1. dermal ostia: pores 2. spongocoel: central activity 3. osculum: opening at the top
53
What is the asconoid type?
simplest canal
54
What is the syconoid type?
The winding type of canal system
55
What are the canal systems in syconoid type?
1. dermal ostia 2. incurrent canal(outside) 3. prosopyle(forward hole) 4. radial canal(water flows) 5. apopyle(away hole) 6. spongocoel(middle part) 7. osculum(opening)
56
What is the leuconoid type?
The most complex canal system
57
What are the canal systems in the leuconoid type?
1. dermal ostia 2. incurrent canal 3. prosopyle 4. choanocyte chamber 5. apopyle 6. excurrent canal 7. spongocoel 8. osculum(s)
58
What are the class for phylums porifera?
1. Class: Calcarea 2.Class: Hexactinellida 3.Class: Demospongiae
59
What is class calcarea?
Calcareous sponges that have carbonate spicules
60
What is class hexactinellida?
Glass sponges that have silica spicules
61
What is class demospongiae?
Bath sponges that have spongin protein

Biology 007 (40 decks)

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