Lecture 34

Question 1

What are gonads?

Answer 1

Organs where gametes are produces

Question 2

What are the male gametes and where are they produced?

Answer 2

The spermatozoa and in the testes

Question 3

What are the female gametes and where are they produced?

Answer 3

The oocytes and in the ovarys

Question 4

What do genitalia allow for and why?

Answer 4

Coitus so gametes can fuse to form an embryo

Question 5

What is the process of gamete fusion to form an embryo called?

Answer 5

Fertilisation

Question 6

What is the pelvis?

Answer 6

A bony basin between the trunk and lower limbs. Consists of the hip bones, sacrum and coccyx

Question 7

What are the two openings of the pelvis?

Answer 7

The pelvic inlet which is always open and pelvic outlet which is closed by muscles

Question 8

Which pelvic opening is bigger?

Answer 8

The pelvic inlet

Question 9

What are the two pelvic subdivisions?

Answer 9

False/greater pelvis and the true/lesser pelvis

Question 10

What is the false/greater pelvis?

Answer 10

The superior region of the pelvis, containing the inlet and parts of the GI tract

Question 11

What is the true/lesser pelvis?

Answer 11

The inferior region of the pelvis, between the inlet and outlet containing the internal reproductive organs

Question 12

What is the structure of the female pelvis?

Answer 12

Broad subpubic angle with an oval inlet and straight coccyx

Question 13

What is the structure of the male pelvis?

Answer 13

Narrow subpubic angle with a heart-shaped inlet and curved coccyx

Question 14

Why is there a difference between the female and male pelvis?

Answer 14

Childbirth

Question 15

What is the pelvic floor?

Answer 15

The closing over the pelvic outlet containing the urogenital triangle and anal triangle

Question 16

What are the two muscles of the pelvic floor?

Answer 16

Levator ani and coccygeus

Question 17

What are the openings on the pelvic floor?

Answer 17

Urethra, anal canal and vagina in females

Question 18

What is the male perineum?

Answer 18

The region inferior to the pelvic floor and between the upper region of the highs, contains the two triangles

Question 19

What is the urogenital triangle?

Answer 19

The anterior triangle containing the urethral opening and external genitalia

Question 20

What is the anal triangle?

Answer 20

The posterior triangle containing the anal canal and fat

Question 21

What is the function of the male reproductive system?

Answer 21

To produce and transport spermatozoa into the female reproductive tract

Question 22

What is the male reproductive system made up of?

Answer 22

The testes, reproductive tract, accessory structures and glands

Question 23

What is the male reproductive tract?

Answer 23

The path where sperm travel along; from the testes, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct and urethra

Question 24

What does the scrotum consist of?

Answer 24

To testes, two epididymides, and two spermatic cords

Question 25

What are the testes?

Answer 25

The sacks that lie within the scrotum, outside of the body and produce sperm, testosterone and inhibin

Question 26

What are the testes surrounded by?

Answer 26

A dense fibrous capsule called the tunica albuginea

Question 27

What are the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 27

Lobules within the testing of which the tubules join to form the rete testis and the rest to form the efferent ductules leading to the epididymis

Question 28

What are the cells within the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 28

Interstitial endocrine cells, nurse cells and spermatogenic cells

Question 29

What do interstitial endocrine cells produce?

Answer 29

Testosterone

Question 30

What do nurse cells produce?

Answer 30

Inhibin

Question 31

What do spermatogenic cells produce?

Answer 31

Spermatogonia and spermatozoa at various stages of development

Question 32

What is the epididymis?

Answer 32

The site of sperm maturation, where sperm enters from the seminiferous tubules and exits via the ductus deferens. Consists of the head, body and tail

Question 33

What is the ductus deferens?

Answer 33

A continuous cord from the epididymis that starts in the spermatic cord and runs posterior to the urinary bladder. It dilates to form the ampulla

Question 34

What is the ductus deferens covered in?

Answer 34

Smooth muscle

Question 35

What are the ejaculatory ducts?

Answer 35

Ducts formed by the union of the ducts from the seminal vesicles and ampulla and opens in the prostatic urethra

Question 36

What are the two functions of the male urethra?

Answer 36

Urination and ejaculation

Question 37

What are the epithelial changes along the male urethra?

Answer 37

From transitional to stratified squamose epithelium

Question 38

What are the three sections of the male urethra?

Answer 38

Prostatic urethra, membranous urethra and penile/spongy urethra

Question 39

What are the two urinary sphincters?

Answer 39

External of skeletal muscle and under voluntary control and internal of detrusor muscle and under involuntary control

Question 40

What is the extra function of the internal urinary sphincter in males?

Answer 40

To close and prevent retrograde ejaculation (when sperm enters the bladder)