Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BIOM20002 - HSF > Lecture 44 - Gastrointestinal Tract 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 44 - Gastrointestinal Tract 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which is the largest viscus in the body?

A

The liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where is the liver located?

A

Mainly Upper right quadrant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the main functions of the liver?

A

Bile production
Metabolism
Filtering of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the two surfaces of the liver?

A

Diaphragmatic

Visceral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the features of the diaphragmatic surface of the liver?

A

Smooth

Anterior and superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the features of the visceral surface of the liver?

A

Concaved - impressions

Posterior and inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where does the liver lie in reference to the peritoneum?

A

Intraperitoneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the divisions of the liver

A

Two structural lobes:

  • large right
  • small left

Two functional lobes:

  • caudate
  • quadrate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What divides the two lobes of the liver?

A

Anterior: Falciform ligament

Posterior: Ligamentum venosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which border of the liver is important?

A

Inferior border
• sharp
• divides diaphragmatic and visceral surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the portal triad?

A

Hepatic artery
Hepartic duct
Portal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the hepatic artery do?

A

Brings blood from the heart to the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the hepatic duct do?

A

Delivers bile into the common bile duct / gall bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the portal vein do?

A

Delivers blood from the other viscera to the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What brings blood away from the liver?

A

Inferior Vena Cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What enters the liver via the hilum?

A 
Nerves
Lymphatics
Hepatic artery
Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic duct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Draw the anterior and posterior aspects of the liver

A

:-)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the two accessory lobes of the liver?

Draw this.

A

Caudate
Quadrate

See slide 9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What demarcates the two accessory lobes?

A

Left and right Sagittal fissures

and Porta hepatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is another name for the hilum in the liver?

A

Porta hepatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where does the gall bladder lie?

Draw it in situ

A

Nestled in groove on posterior surface of the right lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe the passage of bile from the liver to the duodenum.

A

Made in the liver
Exits liver by hepatic duct, which then becomes the common bile duct
Sphincter of Oddi closed → bile enters gall bladder
Stored and concentrated in the gall bladder
Exits gall bladder by cystic duct
Enters duodenum by major duodenal papilla

23
Q

What are the regions of the gall bladder?

A

Fundus
Body
Neck
Cystic duct

24
Q

Draw an annotated diagram of the gall bladder and associated ducts.

A

Refer to slide 11

>:(

25
What pathology is associated with the gall bladder?
Gall stones | Due to over-concentrated bile
26
Are gall stones painful?
If they remain in the gall bladder, they are silent If they move and become lodged in the duct, it is very painful
27
What does a gall stone look like
They are highly variable
28
Where does the pancreas lie?
Left upper qudrant Retroperitoneal Nestled by the duodenum
29
What are the four parts of the pancreas? | Draw this
Head Neck Body Tail Slide 13
30
Which other organs is the pancreas associated with?
2-3 parts of duodenum Spleen Anterior left kidney
31
Describe the exocrine function of the kidney
1. Enzymes secreted into main pancreatic duct 2. Main pancreatic duct joins with common bile duct 3. Hepatopancreatic ampulla 4. Major duodenal papilla Also, some enzymes from the pancreas travel via the accessory pancreatic duct into the duodenum via the minor duodenal papilla
32
Describe the endocrine function of the pancreas
Secretes enzymes directly into the blood eg. Insulin
33
Why is the spleen the colour that it is?
Dark purple, because it is a reservoir for red cells
34
What are the two surfaces of the spleen?
Diaphragmatic | Visceral
35
Where is the spleen located?
Left upper quadrant In front of ribs 9,10,11 Near pancreas and fundus of stomach
36
Describe the visceral surface of the spleen
Indentations from surrounding viscera
37
What is the hilum of the spleen?
Blood vessels: arteries and veins
38
How may the spleen become damaged? What is the effect of this?
* It is located directly in front of ribs 9,10,11 * It is very soft, and can be lacterated by fractured ribs Effect: • Profuse bleeding into the peritoneal cavity
39
Describe the path of the aorta
Exits from left ventricle Runs down behind the oesophagus Branches at L4 into common iliac arteries
40
What are the sections of the aorta?
(Ascending Aortic arch) * Thoracic aorta * Abdominal aorta Comes through the diaphragm at T12 → now is abdominal aorta
41
What is interesting about the abdominal aorta?
Many branches of arteries
42
Describe the paired branches of the abdominal aorta
Paired branches go to: • paired organs • abdominal walls * Supra-renal → Adrenals * Renal arteries * Ovarian (testicular) arteries * Phrenic arteries * many Lumbar arteries
43
Describe the unparied branches of the abdominal aorta
Unpaired branches go to unpaired organs • Celiac trunk • Superior mesenteric artery • Inferior mesenteric artery
44
Draw the abdominal aorta
Slide 19
45
What are the three regions of the gut?
Foregut Lidgut Hindgut
46
What does the celiac trunk supply?
``` Forgut and visceral derivates • stomach • liver • spleen • pancreas • gall bladder • duodenum up to major duodenal papilla ```
47
What does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?
``` Hindgut • 1/3 of transverse colon • descending colon • sigmoid colon • rectum • midway through anal canal ```
48
What does the superior mesenteric artery supply?
``` Midgut • 3 and 4 of duodenum • small intestine • ascending colon • proximal 2/3 of transverse ```
49
Not all visceral derivates of the forgut receive their blood through direct branches of the coeliac trunk. Account for this
Intraperitoneal viscera receive their blood supply through their mesentery
50
How does the superior mesenteric artery deliver blood?
Branches into the mesentery of the small intestine and ascending colon
51
How does blood from the viscera get back into the heart?
Inferior vena cava Paired organs & abdominal walls: • drains directly into IVC Unpaired organs • portal system → liver • then, IVC
52
Describe the hepatic portal system
1. Blood in unparied organs (stomach, spleen, intestines) drains into the portal vein 2. Hepatic veins 3. IVC
53
What makes up the left sagittal fissure?
* Ligamentum venosum | * Round ligament

BIOM20002 - HSF (60 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions