Lecture 67 - Male Reproductive System

Question 1

What is the role of the pelvic diaphragm?

Answer 1

Support of viscera above

Attachments for external genitalia

Question 2

What makes up the pelvic diagpragm?

What are the holes?

Answer 2

Levator ani

• urogenital hiatus
• anal aperture

Question 3

What is the difference between males and females in the perineal membrane?

Answer 3

Males: no vaginal opening

Question 4

What is the role of the deep perineal pouch?

Answer 4

Muscles that make up the sphincter

Question 5

Where are the testes?

Answer 5

In scrotum, externally

Need lower temperature for sperm production

Question 6

What is contained in the testes?

Answer 6

Semoniferous tubules (400-600)
Surrounded by Tunica albuginea (thick fibrous tissue)

Question 7

What is the rete testes?

Answer 7

Where sperm collects

Question 8

Where is sperm stored?

Answer 8

Epididymus (on top of testes)

Question 9

Where does sperm mature?

Answer 9

In epididymus

Question 10

When are where do the gonads develop?

Answer 10

Very early on

Develop on posterior abdominal wall and then descend

Question 11

How are the testes externalised?

Answer 11

Push through the abdominal wall into scrotum

Drag nerves, vessels and duct with it (spermatic cord)

Question 12

Describe the route of sperm

Answer 12

Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Urethra

Question 13

What is present in semen?

Where does this come from?

Answer 13

Sperm: testes

Also stuff from Seminal vesicle

Question 14

Draw the ducts

Answer 14

**Slide..

Question 15

What controls ejactulation?

Answer 15

Sypathetic nervous system

Contractino (peristalsis) of muscular vas deferens

Question 16

What is a vasectomy?

Answer 16

Cutting of vas deferens

Sperm cannot get out of epididymis

Question 17

Through what does the vas deferens pass?

Answer 17

Spermatic cord

Punches through abdominal wall at Inguinal Canal

Question 18

What is the role of the accessory glands?

Answer 18

Contribute stuff to semen

- many different functions

Question 19

What are some of the accessory glands?

Answer 19

Prostate
Seminal vesicle
Bulbourethral gland

Question 20

Where are the accessory glands?

Answer 20

posterior to bladder

Also, one inferior to prostate

Question 21

Where is the ejaculatory duct?

Answer 21

Pierces from behind the prostate
Through prostate
Inferior down to urethra

Question 22

Where is the prostate gland?

Answer 22

Inferior to bladder

Anterior to rectum

Question 23

Where does the vas enter the prostate?

Answer 23

Lateral and posterior

Question 24

Where is the seminal vesicle?

Answer 24

Posterior surface of bladder

Question 25

What does the seminal vesicle contribute to semen?

Answer 25

Fructose | Coagulating agent

Question 26

What does the prostate surround?

Answer 26

The urethra

Question 27

What is the role of the prostate gland?

Answer 27

Manufactures much of volume of semen for Sperm Activation 20% of semen volume

Question 28

How does fluid from the prostate get into the semen?

Answer 28

Many ducts that open into the prostatic urethra

Question 29

What is the role of the bulbourethral glands?

Answer 29

Mucous secretion for lubrication of urethra | pre-ejaculate

Question 30

Where are the bulbourethral glands?

Answer 30

In the deep perineal pouch

Question 31

How does fluid from the bulbourethral gland get into the semen?

Answer 31

Ducts pierce into the spongy urethra

Question 32

What things happen to the prostate with age?

Answer 32

1. Benign prostatic hypertrophy - constricts the urethra - very common 2. Prostate cancer - common - Prostate becomes very hard

Question 33

How is prostate cancer treated?

Answer 33

Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Removal (radical prostatectomy)

Question 34

What happens to micturition with benign prostatic hypertrophy?

Answer 34

DIfficulty urinating

Question 35

How can we examine the prostate?

Answer 35

Digital rectal examination

Question 36

What is affected in prostate cancer?

Answer 36

Entire thickness of prostate

Question 37

How is prostate cancer detected?

Answer 37

Blood test | Antigens present in the blood indicating cancer

Question 38

What forms the male external genitalia?

Answer 38

Penis

Question 39

What forms the erectile tissue?

Answer 39

Corpora cavernosa Corpus spongiosum

Question 40

Where do the external genitalia attach?

Answer 40

Perineum

Question 41

What forms the penis?

Answer 41

Roots Body (Corpora cavernosa, Corpus spongiosum) External urethral oriface

Question 42

Where does the spongy urethra run in males?

Answer 42

In penis, through corpus spongiosum

Question 43

What are the muscles of the male external genitalia?

Answer 43

Bulbospongiosum | Ischiocavernosius

Question 44

What controls erection?

Answer 44

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 45

What are the erectile tissues covered with?

Answer 45

Skin | apart from Glans Penis

Question 46

What is the scrotum an analogue of? | How is it different?

Answer 46

Labia majorum | No fusion event