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Pharma 1 (DUMP) > Liver (Tables) > Flashcards

Liver (Tables) Flashcards

1
Q

Which opioid has a half-life of 5-6 hours in normal patients?

A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

C) Tramadol
Rationale: Tramadol has a half-life of 5-6 hours in normal patients.

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2
Q

In patients with liver disease, which opioid has a half-life of 35 days?

A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

D) Methadone
Rationale: Methadone has an extended half-life of 35 days in patients with liver disease.

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3
Q

Which opioid is not recommended for use in liver disease patients, except as part of a deaddiction program?

A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

D) Methadone
Rationale: Methadone is not typically recommended for liver disease patients outside of a deaddiction program.

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4
Q

Which opioid poses a risk of serotonin syndrome when co-administered with SSRIs or TCAs?

A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

C) Tramadol
Rationale: Tramadol has a risk of serotonin syndrome when taken with SSRIs or TCAs.

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5
Q

Which opioid should be avoided in epileptic patients?

A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

C) Tramadol
Rationale: Tramadol should be avoided in epileptic patients due to the risk of seizures.

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6
Q

Which opioid has variable onset and efficacy?

A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

A) Oxycodone
Rationale: Oxycodone has variable onset and efficacy.

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7
Q

For which opioid is it preferred to use the elixir form in patients with liver disease?

A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

B) Morphine
Rationale: It’s preferred to use the elixir form of morphine in patients with liver disease.

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8
Q

Which opioid should be avoided in patients with coexisting renal failure?

A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

B) Morphine
Rationale: Morphine should be avoided in patients with coexisting renal failure.

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9
Q

Which opioid has a recommended dosing of 5mg max QDS for patients with liver disease?

A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone
E) A & B

A

E) A & B

Rationale: Oxycodone and Morphine has a recommended dosing of 5mg max QDS for patients with liver disease.

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10
Q

Which opioid has a half-life of 3-4 hours in normal patients?

A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

B) Morphine
Rationale: Morphine has a half-life of 3-4 hours in normal patients.

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11
Q

Which opioid is associated with a risk of serotonin syndrome?
A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

C) Tramadol
Rationale: Tramadol is associated with a risk of serotonin syndrome.

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12
Q

Which opioid has a half-life of 14 hours in patients with liver disease?
A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

A) Oxycodone
Rationale: Oxycodone has a half-life of 14 hours in patients with liver disease.

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13
Q

Which opioid has a half-life of 5 hours in patients with liver disease?
A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

B) Morphine
Rationale: Morphine has a half-life of 5 hours in patients with liver disease.

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14
Q

Which opioid has a recommended dosing of 50mg BD for patients with liver disease?
A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

C) Tramadol
Rationale: Tramadol has a recommended dosing of 50mg BD for patients with liver disease.

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15
Q

Which opioid is not typically recommended for liver disease patients due to its extended half-life?
A) Oxycodone
B) Morphine
C) Tramadol
D) Methadone

A

D) Methadone
Rationale: Methadone has an extended half-life, making it less suitable for liver disease patients outside of specific contexts.

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16
Q
  1. Which acid-suppressing agent should be avoided in cirrhotic patients?
    a) Esomeprazole
    b) Famotidine
    c) Lansoprazole
    d) None of the above
A

c) Lansoprazole
Rationale: Lansoprazole is listed under the “Avoid” category for cirrhotic patients, while Esomeprazole and Famotidine are considered safe.

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17
Q
  1. Which analgesic is considered safe for cirrhotic patients?
    a) Acetaminophen
    b) COX-2 inhibitors
    c) NSAIDs
    d) None of the above
A

d) None of the above
Rationale: All the options listed are to be avoided in cirrhotic patients due to potential liver toxicity or bleeding risks.

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18
Q
  1. Which antibiotic is safe for cirrhotic patients?
    a) Azithromycin
    b) Erythromycin
    c) Amoxicillin
    d) None of the above
A

c) Amoxicillin
Rationale: Amoxicillin is considered safe, while Azithromycin and Erythromycin should be avoided.

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19
Q
  1. Which antidiabetic drug should be avoided in cirrhotic patients?
    a) Insulin
    b) Metformin
    c) Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists
    d) None of the above
A

b) Metformin
Rationale: Metformin is listed under the “Avoid” category due to potential lactic acidosis risk in cirrhotic patients.

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20
Q
  1. Which antihypertensive medication is safe for cirrhotic patients?
    a) ACE inhibitors
    b) ARBs
    c) Calcium channel blockers
    d) Verapamil
A

c) Calcium channel blockers
Rationale: Calcium channel blockers are considered safe, while ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and Verapamil should be avoided.

21
Q
  1. Which diuretic is NOT recommended for cirrhotic patients?
    a) Furosemide
    b) Spironolactone
    c) Hydrochlorothiazide
    d) None of the above
A

d) None of the above
Rationale: All the listed diuretics are considered safe for cirrhotic patients.

22
Q
  1. Which lipid-lowering agent is safe for cirrhotic patients?
    a) Statins
    b) Cholestyramine
    c) Both
    d) None of the above
A

b) Cholestyramine
Rationale: Cholestyramine is safe, while statins should be avoided.

23
Q
  1. Which drug is a bile acid sequestrant?
    a) Statins
    b) Cholestyramine
    c) NSAIDs
    d) Insulin
A

b) Cholestyramine
Rationale: Cholestyramine is a bile acid sequestrant that binds bile acids in the intestine.

24
Q
  1. Which drug can potentially cause lactic acidosis in cirrhotic patients?
    a) Insulin
    b) Metformin
    c) Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists
    d) Sulfonylureas
A

b) Metformin
Rationale: Metformin has a known risk of lactic acidosis, especially in patients with liver impairment.

25
Q
  1. Which antibiotic is considered safe and is often used to reduce the risk of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients?
    a) Azithromycin
    b) Erythromycin
    c) Rifaximin
    d) Ciprofloxacin
A

c) Rifaximin
Rationale: Rifaximin is often prescribed to reduce the risk of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients.

26
Q
  1. Which drug is NOT an acid-suppressing agent?
    a) Famotidine
    b) Rabeprazole
    c) Acetaminophen
    d) Esomeprazole
A

c) Acetaminophen
Rationale: Acetaminophen is an analgesic, not an acid-suppressing agent.

27
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT an antidiabetic drug?
    a) Sulfonylureas
    b) Dipeptidyl peptidase-4
    c) NSAIDs
    d) SGLT-2 inhibitors
A

c) NSAIDs
Rationale: NSAIDs are analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs, not antidiabetic agents.

28
Q
  1. Which antihypertensive drug class can potentially worsen renal function in cirrhotic patients?
    a) ACE inhibitors
    b) Calcium channel blockers
    c) Diuretics
    d) SGLT-2 inhibitors
A

a) ACE inhibitors
Rationale: ACE inhibitors can potentially worsen renal function in cirrhotic patients, especially those with ascites.

29
Q
  1. Which drug is NOT a diuretic?
    a) Furosemide
    b) Spironolactone
    c) Hydrochlorothiazide
    d) Amoxicillin
A

d) Amoxicillin
Rationale: Amoxicillin is an antibiotic, not a diuretic.

30
Q
  1. Which of the following drugs can cause pruritus due to elevated bile acid levels in cirrhotic patients?
    a) Statins
    b) Cholestyramine
    c) NSAIDs
    d) None of the above
A

None of the listed drugs cause pruritus due to elevated bile acid levels. However, Cholestyramine can be used to treat pruritus in cirrhotic patients with elevated bile acids.

31
Q
  1. Which antibiotic should be avoided due to potential QT prolongation in cirrhotic patients?
    a) Amoxicillin
    b) Erythromycin
    c) Rifaximin
    d) Ciprofloxacin
A

b) Erythromycin
Rationale: Erythromycin is known to cause QT prolongation, which can be risky in cirrhotic patients.

32
Q
  1. Which drug is NOT an analgesic?
    a) Acetaminophen
    b) NSAIDs
    c) COX-2 inhibitors
    d) Rifaximin
A

d) Rifaximin
Rationale: Rifaximin is an antibiotic, not an analgesic.

33
Q
  1. Which antidiabetic drug class can increase the risk of urinary tract infections?
    a) Insulin
    b) Sulfonylureas
    c) SGLT-2 inhibitors
    d) Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists
A

c) SGLT-2 inhibitors
Rationale: SGLT-2 inhibitors can increase the risk of urinary tract infections due to their mechanism of action.

34
Q
  1. Which drug is NOT an antibiotic?
    a) Amoxicillin
    b) Rifaximin
    c) Azithromycin
    d) Metformin
A

d) Metformin
Rationale: Metformin is an antidiabetic drug, not an antibiotic.

35
Q

Which drug can be used to treat pruritus in cirrhotic patients with elevated bile acids?
a) Statins
b) Cholestyramine
c) NSAIDs
d) Rifaximin

A

b) Cholestyramine
Rationale: Cholestyramine is a bile acid sequestrant that can bind bile acids in the intestine, making it useful for treating pruritus in cirrhotic patients with elevated bile acids.

36
Q

Atractylis gummifera is used as a:

A) Health tonic
B) Slimming aid
C) Purgative, diuretic
D) Dietary supplement

A

C) Purgative, diuretic
Rationale: Atractylis gummifera is traditionally used as a purgative and diuretic.

37
Q

Which pattern of liver injury is associated with Black cohosh used for menopausal symptoms?

A) Acute hepatitis
B) Acute liver failure, could trigger autoimmune hepatitis
C) Granulomatous hepatitis
D) Abnormal liver tests

A

B) Acute liver failure, could trigger autoimmune hepatitis
Rationale: Black cohosh, when used for menopausal symptoms, has been linked to acute liver failure and the potential triggering of autoimmune hepatitis.

38
Q

The pattern of liver injury associated with Germander tea and capsules used for weight reduction and as a health tonic is:

A) Acute hepatitis, Cholestasis
B) Acute and chronic hepatitis, acute liver failure, hepatic fibrosis
C) Diffuse hepatocellular necrosis, Cholestatic hepatitis
D) Abnormal liver tests

A

B) Acute and chronic hepatitis, acute liver failure, hepatic fibrosis
Rationale: Germander tea and capsules have been linked to both acute and chronic hepatitis, acute liver failure, and hepatic fibrosis when used for weight reduction and as a health tonic.

39
Q

“Green juice” is a:

A) Dietary supplement
B) Slimming aid
C) Purgative, diuretic
D) Health tonic

A

A) Dietary supplement
Rationale: “Green juice” is typically consumed as a dietary supplement.

40
Q

Which pattern of liver injury is associated with Herbalife® used as a health supplement?

A) Acute hepatitis, Cholestasis
B) Granulomatous hepatitis
C) Acute liver failure
D) Diffuse hepatocellular necrosis, Cholestatic hepatitis

A

A) Acute hepatitis, Cholestasis
Rationale: Herbalife® supplements have been linked to acute hepatitis and cholestasis when used as a health supplement.

41
Q

Kava is used to treat:

A) Anxiety disorder
B) Menopausal symptoms
C) Multiple use
D) Slimming aid

A

A) Anxiety disorder
Rationale: Kava is traditionally used to treat anxiety disorders.

42
Q

The pattern of liver injury associated with Kombucha used as a health tonic is:

A) Acute hepatitis
B) Granulomatous hepatitis
C) Acute liver failure
D) Abnormal liver tests

A

A) Acute hepatitis
Rationale: Kombucha, when consumed as a health tonic, has been linked to acute hepatitis.

43
Q

LipoKinetix® is used as a:

A) Slimming aid
B) Dietary supplement
C) Purgative, diuretic
D) Health tonic

A

A) Slimming aid
Rationale: LipoKinetix® is marketed as a slimming aid.

44
Q

Which pattern of liver injury is associated with Shark cartilage used as a food supplement?

A) Acute hepatitis
B) Granulomatous hepatitis
C) Acute liver failure
D) Abnormal liver tests

A

D) Abnormal liver tests
Rationale: Shark cartilage, when used as a food supplement, has been linked to abnormal liver tests.

45
Q

Atractylis gummifera used as a purgative and diuretic can lead to:
A) Acute hepatitis
B) Acute liver failure
C) Granulomatous hepatitis
D) Abnormal liver tests

A

B) Acute liver failure
Rationale: Atractylis gummifera, when used as a purgative and diuretic, has been linked to acute liver failure.

46
Q

“Green juice” as a dietary supplement can cause:
A) Acute hepatitis
B) Acute liver failure
C) Granulomatous hepatitis
D) Abnormal liver tests

A

C) Granulomatous hepatitis
Rationale: “Green juice” as a dietary supplement has been associated with granulomatous hepatitis.

47
Q

Kava used for anxiety disorder can result in:
A) Acute hepatitis
B) Acute liver failure
C) Diffuse hepatocellular necrosis, Cholestatic hepatitis
D) Abnormal liver tests

A

C) Diffuse hepatocellular necrosis, Cholestatic hepatitis
Rationale: Kava, when used for anxiety disorders, has been linked to diffuse hepatocellular necrosis and cholestatic hepatitis.

48
Q

LipoKinetix® as a slimming aid can cause:
A) Acute hepatitis, acute liver failure
B) Acute liver failure
C) Granulomatous hepatitis
D) Abnormal liver tests

A

A) Acute hepatitis, acute liver failure
Rationale: LipoKinetix®, when used as a slimming aid, has been linked to both acute hepatitis and acute liver failure.

Pharma 1 (DUMP) (16 decks)

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