Localisation of Functions in the Brain (Biopsychology)

Question 1

Localisation

Answer 1

Functions (movement/language/memory) are performed in distinct regions of the brain

Question 2

Contralateral

Answer 2

Each hemisphere of the brain controls the opposite side of the body

Question 3

Hemispheric lateralisation

Answer 3

Each hemisphere of the brain is specialised to perform different functions

Question 4

What functions are performed by the left hemishpere of the brain?

Answer 4

Language centres

Brocas / Wernickes area only in the left

Question 5

What functions are performed by the right hemishpere of the brain?

Answer 5

Visiospatial tasks

Question 6

What functions are performed by the left and right hemishpere of the brain?

Answer 6

Motor, visual, somatosensory and auditory cortices are on both

Question 7

Language areas of the brain

Answer 7

• Broca is responsible for speech production
• Wernicke plays an important role in understanding other people’s speech and for language comprehension
• Language areas are only found on the left side

Question 8

The limbic system

Answer 8

Group of interconnected brain structures that help regulate your emotions and behaviour

Question 9

The cerebrum

Answer 9

• this regulates our higher intellectual processes
• each of our sensory systems sends messages to and from this cerebral cortex

Question 10

Occipital Lobe

Answer 10

Processes visual information

Question 11

Parietal Lobe

Answer 11

Responsible for processing info from our senses

Question 12

Frontal Lobe

Answer 12

Resonsible for movement, personality and higher thinking

Question 13

Temporal Lobe

Answer 13

Responsible for auditory processes

Question 14

Somatosensory Cortex

Answer 14

Responsible for responding to environmental stimuli

Question 15

Motor area

Answer 15

Responsible for muscle motor movements across the body

Question 16

Brocas Area

Answer 16

Responsible for speech production

Question 17

Wernickes Area

Answer 17

Responsible for speech comprehension

Question 18

Aphasia

Answer 18

Losing the ability to understand or produce speech

Question 19

Auditory Cortex

Answer 19

Receives and processes sound information from ears

Question 20

Evaluation of LOF

Answer 20

Clinical case study research (Phineas Gage) demonstrates loss of certain functions if damage is caused to a particular area of the brain (frontal lobe changed his personality)

Case studies are seen as unscientific - compared to modern methods like MRI scans also lacks temporal validity (1850s)