Long Term Memory (Memory)

Question 1

Long Term Memory

Answer 1

The storage of memories over a long period of time

These are either explicit or implicit

Question 2

Explicit/ declarative memories

Answer 2

Accessed consciously and expressed in words

Question 3

Implicit/ non-declarative memories

Answer 3

Not accessed consciously and difficult to explain in words

Question 4

3 Types of LTM

Answer 4

Episodic - experiences
Semantic - factual knowledge
Procedural - memory of skills

Question 5

Episodic memory

Answer 5

• Experiences and events that are ‘time stamped’
• Declarative
• Strength of memory influenced by emotion
• Associated with hippocampus and PFC

Question 6

Semantic Memory

Answer 6

• Factual knowledge
• Declarative
• Lasts longer than episodic and isn’t time stamped
• Episodic become semantic over time
• Associated with perirhinal cortex

Question 7

Procedural Memory

Answer 7

• Unconscious memory of skill
• Non-declarative
• More resistant to forgetting than episod/seman
• Associated with motor cortex and cerebellum

Question 8

Which LTM types are declarative and non declarative?

Answer 8

Episodic and Semantic are declarative

Procedural are non-declarative

Question 9

Case study supporting the different types of LTM

Answer 9

Clive Wearing has retrograde amnesia so can’t remember episodic memories like his wedding or his musical education

But can remember semantic memories (he knows hes married and hes a musician) and procedural memories (how to play the piano)

Suggests semantic, episodic & procedural memories are separate

Question 10

Negative Evaluations of Types of LTM

Answer 10

Types of LTM may not be distinct as episodic and semantic are both declarative and we combine semantic and procedural to produce language

Case studies are very unique to the individual so it is difficult to make generalisations