The Cognitive Approach (Approaches)

Question 1

The Cognitive Approach and The study of Internal Mental Processes

Answer 1

Cognitive psychologists study our internal mental processes and how they affect our behaviour (e.g. thoughts, perceptions and attention)

Question 2

Assumptions of the cognitive approach

Answer 2

Our mental systems have a limited capacity

A control mechanism overseas our mental processes

There is a two way flow of information

Question 3

Schema and its role

Answer 3

Mental frameworks

Basic knowledge about a concept or object built from previous experiences

Used to quickly understand and navigate the world

Question 4

Schema Problems

Answer 4

Schemas can stop people from learning new information

Prejudice and stereotypes can be an outcome of schemas

Question 5

Bartlett 1932 The War of the Ghosts

Answer 5

Schemas used to help interpret and remember the word around them.

Lab experiment so lacked ecological validity

Question 6

Theoretical models

Answer 6

Flow chart representations of the steps of a mental process

Question 7

Computer model

Answer 7

Analogy between the operation of a CPU running software programs and the human brain conducting internal mental processes

Question 8

Cognitive Neuroscience

Answer 8

Examines the neurological structures and chemical processes in the brain that are linked to internal mental processes

PET and fMRI scanners allow researchers to observe brain activity directly

Question 9

Evaluation of the cognitive approach

Answer 9

Scientific approach where experiments are highly controlled

Lab experiments are reliable and objective

Cognitive research makes inferences so isn’t a fully scientific approach