Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY > lymphatic system > Flashcards

lymphatic system Flashcards

1
Q

the ability to ward off damage or disease through ourdefenses

A

Immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

2 General Types of immunity

A

Innate Immunity
Adaptive Immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Slower, specific & has a memory
adapts or adjusts to handle a specific microbe

A

Adaptive Immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

defenses that are present at birth
Fast, non-specific and no memory

A

Innate Immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lymphocytes

A

T-cells & B-cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Reticular connective tissue containing
lymphocytes

A

Lymphatic tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Interstitial fluid in lymphatic vessels

A

Lymph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

FUNCTIONS of lymphatic system

A

Drains excess interstitial fluid
Transports dietary lipids. - lipid-soluble vitamins
(A, D, E, and K) absorbed by the GIT
Carries out immune responses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Defenses that are present at birth
Fast, non-specific and no memory

A

INNATE IMMUNITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Site for most immune responses occur in

A

Secondary organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Secondary organs

A

Lymph nodes
Spleen
Lymphatic nodules (follicles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Two lobed organ (bilobed)
Located in the mediastinum between the
sternum and the aorta

A

THYMUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

From tissue to veins
Pumped by muscle & respiratory pumps like
venous return

A

LYMPHATIC FLOW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Scattered throughout the body
Concentrated near mammary glands, axilla
&groinn Contain mature B-cells, T-cells,
dendritic cellsand macrophagesn Function as a
type of filter, trap foreign substancesq
macrophages destroy some foreignsubstances
by phagocytosisq lymphocytes destroy others by
immuneresponses

A

LYMPH NODES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Site where stem cells divide & become
immunocompetent

A

PRIMARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The spread of a disease from one part
of the body to another

A

Metastasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Four main types of antimicrobial substances

A

INTERFERONS
COMPLEMENT SYSTEM
IRON-BINDING PROTEINS
ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

(alpha-, beta-, and gamma-IFN)
Interfere with viral reproduction in a cell

A

INTERFERONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Enhance other immune actions
Break cell membranes
Attract phagocytes
Tag microbial cells for destruction

A

COMPLEMENT SYSTEM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Bind iron and starve bacteria

A

IRON-BINDING PROTEINS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lyse microbes

A

ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Between stomach & diaphragm
Contains blood filled venous sinuses and RBCs,
macrophages, lymphocytes plasma cells &
granular leukocytes

A

SPLEEN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

SPLEEN Performs three functions related to blood cells namely;

A
  1. Removal by macrophages of ruptured,
    worn out, or defective blood cells and
    platelets
  2. Storage of platelets, up to one-third of
    the body’s supply
  3. Production of blood cells (hemopoiesis)
    during fetal life
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Removal of the spleen

A

Splenectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The spleen’s absence also places the patient at
higher risk for _____________

A

sepsis (a blood infection)

26
Q

Crushing injury may result in a __________which causes significant hemorrhage and shock

A

ruptured spleen

27
Q

Specialized to ingest microbes and
cellular debris (phagocytosis)

A

Phagocytes

28
Q

Two major types of phagocytes

A

○ Neutrophils
○ macrophages

29
Q

5-10% of lymphocytes =

A

Natural Killer (NK)
Cells

30
Q

Present in lymph nodes & red bone
marrow
Destroy microbes & tumor cells

A

Natural Killer (NK)

31
Q

Perforin =

A

cytolysis

32
Q

Granzymes =

A

apoptosis

33
Q

a nonspecific, defensive response of the body to tissue damage

A

INFLAMMATION

34
Q

Four characteristic signs and symptoms of
inflammation

A

○ Redness
○ Pain
○ Heat
○ Swelling

35
Q

Egg-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue that are
not surrounded by a capsule
Occur in multiple large aggregations in specific
parts of the body
Includes tonsils in the pharyngeal region and the
aggregated lymphatic follicles (Peyer’s patches)
in the ileum of the small intestine

A

LYMPHATIC NODULES

36
Q

strategically positioned to participate
in immune responses against inhaled or
ingested foreign substances

A

Tonsils

37
Q

Epidermal structure & constant
shedding

A

Skin

38
Q

Sticky mucus layer straps microbes, etc.
and cilia move it out

A

Mucous membranes

38
Q

Dilute and antibacterial action

A

Fluids

39
Q

flow of urine, defecation & vomiting

A

Movement

40
Q

a prime symptom of inflammation

A

Pain(dolor)

41
Q

The three stages of inflammation :

A
  1. Vasodilation and increased permeability
    of blood vessels
  2. Phagocyte emigration
  3. Tissue repair
42
Q

Abnormally high body temperature
Stimulated by many toxins or internal signals

A

FEVER

43
Q

Cytokine that plays a role in the
regulation of immune and inflammatory
responses to infections

A

Interleukin-1

44
Q

Distinguish adaptive from innate immunity
Normally self–tolerant

A

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY

45
Q

for particular foreign
molecules(antigens)

A

Specificity

46
Q

for most previously
encountered antigens

A

Memory

47
Q

Does not attack normal body tissue

A

Normally self–tolerant

48
Q

A rare inherited disorder in which both B cells and Tcells are missing or inactive

A

bubble boy disease

49
Q

hang around for years, give
rapid response if the same antigen enters the body again in the future

A

Memory T cells

50
Q

kill cells
Work against tumor cells transplanted
cells & infected cells

A

Cytotoxic T cells

51
Q

Release IL2, attract phagocytes,
stimulate macrophages & B cells

A

Helper T cells (CD4 T cells)

52
Q

Forms a clone of many recognizing cells

A

T-cell begins rapidly dividing

53
Q

ANTIBODY CLASS ACTIONS

A

Neutralizing antigen
Immobilizing bacteria
Agglutinating
Activating complement
Enhancing phagocytosis

54
Q

Long lasting antibodies & lymphocytes
Many sensitive memory cells ->
Much larger & quicker response next time =
Secondary Response
Primary response can be naturally acquired
Or artificially acquired by vaccination

A

IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY

54
Q

a hormone secreted by the adrenal
cortex in association with the stress response, inhibits immune system activity

A

Cortisol

55
Q

Deals with communication pathways
that link the nervous, endocrine, and
immune systems

A

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)

56
Q

decreased production of
thymic hormones

A

Thymus atrophies

57
Q

Tend to produce more autoantibodies
Fewer responsive T cells
Thus poorer B cell response
Poorer response to new infection

A

AGING

58
Q

produce & release antibodies that
bind the antigen

A

Plasma cells

HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions