Manor Flashcards
1
Q
drugs with narrow TI
for therapeutic drug monitoring
A
PLDTW
Phenytoin, lithium, digoxin, theophylline, warfarin
2
Q
drugs with high protein binding
A
DDITWM
Diazepam, digoxin, indomethacin, tolbutamide, warfarin, midazolam
3
Q
drugs with high Vd
A
ABCDIF
atropine, bblockers, chloroquine, digoxin, imipramine, fluoxetine
4
Q
drugs with low Vd
A
WTF VCM
warfarin, tolbutamide, furosemide,valproic acid, chlorpropamide, midazolam
5
Q
BCS I
A
high solubility; high permeability
aspirin, paracetamol
verapamil, diltiazem
metoprolol, propanolol
6
Q
BCS II
A
low solubility; high permeability
glibenclamide, ketoprofen
7
Q
BCS III
A
high solubility; low permeability
HRZE
8
Q
BCS IV
A
low solubility; low permeability
furosemide
9
Q
inc GET
A
HASUL
high protein, high fat
antimotility agents
strenuous activity
ulcers
lying on left side
10
Q
CYP1A2 metabolized drugs
A
alcohol, acetaminophen
11
Q
CYP2E1 metabolized drugs
A
alcohol
12
Q
CYP2D6 metabolized drugs
A
antidepressants, antipsychotics
codeine to morphine
13
Q
CYP3A4
A
MACDG
macrolides, amiodarone, cortisol, diazepam, grape fruit juice
14
Q
carbonyl reduction metabolized drugs
A
naloxone
15
Q
nitro reduction metabolized drugs
A
chloramphenicol
WOF: aplastic anemia
16
Q
azo reduction metabolized drugs
A
prontosil (antibiotic)
17
Q
glucuronidation metabolized drugs
A
chloramphenicol, bilirubin
18
Q
acetylation metabolized drugs
A
HIPS
hydralazine, isoniazid, procainamide, sulfonamides
19
Q
glycine conjugation metabolized drugs
A
benzoic acid
20
Q
enzyme inducers
A
PRCS
phenytoin, phenobarbital
rifampicin
carbamazepine, charcoal broiled food, chronic alcoholism, cigarette smoking
St. John’s Wort
21
Q
enzyme inhibitors
A
VICKS FACE All Over GQ
valproic acid, isoniazid, cimetidine, ketoconazole, sulfonamides
fluoroquinolones, acute alcoholism, chloramphenicol, erythromycin (all macrolides except azithromycin)
antivirals, omeprazole, grape fruit juice, quinidine
22
Q
zero order kinetics drugs
A
phenytoin
ethanol
suspensions
23
Q
steps in catecholamine synthesis
A
True Love Does Not Exist
Tyrosine - hydroxylase
LDOPA - decarboxylase
Dopamine - hydroxylase (in vesicle)
Norepinephrine - PNMT (in medulla)
Epinephrine
24
Q
(-) reuptake of catecholamines
A
NCTMM
NERI (reboxetine)
Cocaine
TCA
Modafinil - narcolepsy
Methyphenidate - adhd
25
(-) release of catecholamines
guanadrel, guanethidine, bretylium
26
(+) release of catecholamines
AETAP
amphetamine, ephedrine, tyramine, angiotensin II, phentermine, phenmetrazine, phenylpropanolamine
27
a1 agonists
POTPM
phenylephrine, oxymetrazoline (Drixine), tetrahydrozoline (visine), propylhexedrine, methylhexedrine
28
a2 agonists
ABCD MGG
Apraclonidine
Brimonidine
Clonidine
Dexmedetomidine
Methyldopa
Guanfacine
Guanabenz
29
b1 agonist
dobutamine
30
b2 agonist
SABA
salbutamol/albuterol (ventolin)
terbutaline
LABA (BIFS)
bambuterol, indacaterol, formeterol, salmeterol
31
Tocolytic agents
MRTINA
MgSO4
ritodrine
terbutaline
isoxsuprine
nifedipine
atosiban
32
beta nonselective agonist
isoproterenol
1st MDI
33
D1 agonist
fenoldopam
34
D2 agonists
bromocriptine
ropinirole, pramipexole
capergoline, pergolide
35
indirect cns sympa drugs
MMM PPP
methyphenidate
modafinil
methamphetamine, amphetamine
phentermine
phenmetrazine
phenylpropanolamine
36
non selective a blockers
phenoxybenzamine (irreversible)
phentolamine (reversible)
37
alpha blockers
a1: zosins, tamsulosin, indoramin
a2: yohimbine, rauwolscine
38
Beta blockers
non selective: NSTP
cardioselective: CNBEAM
partial agonist/sympa: CLAP
celiprolol, labetalol, acebutalol, pindolol
membrane stabilizing effect
local anesthetic: PPALM
pindolol, propanolol, acebutalol, labetalol, metoprolol
mixed a and b:
carvedilol, labetalol
medroxalol, bucindolol
39
direct acting cholinergic agonists
CHOLINE ESTERS
Mixed: CAM
carbachol, acetycholine, metacholine
Muscarinic: betanechol
ALKALOIDS
40
indirect acting cholinergic agonists
short acting: amine alcohol
edrophonium
intermediate acting: carbamates
physostigmine (tertiary unionized)
neo/pyridostigmine (quaternary, ionized)
others (ambenonium, demecarium)
long acting: organophosphates
parathion, malathioin
ecothiophate
tabun, sarin, soman
41
lowers aq humor production
ABBC M
apreclonidine
brimonidine
b blockers
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
mannitol
42
inc aq humor drainage
LEE
latanoprost
epoprostenol
ecothiophate
43
CNS cholinergic drugs
Don, Riva, Gala Ta
donepezil (benzypiperidine)
rivastigmine (carbamate)
galantamine (phenanthrene)
tacrine (acridine)
44
atropine antimuscarinic effects
alice in wonderland
blind as a bat (mydriasis)
dry as a bone (anhydrosis)
hot as a hare (hyperthermia)
red as a beet (flushing)
mad as a hatter (agitation, neurologic)
45
parkinsons symptoms
TRAPS
tremors
rigidity
akinesia
postural instability
shuffling gait
46
anti-EPS anticholinergic
BBT
biperiden
benztropine
trihexyphenidyl
47
antimuscarinic: mydriatic-cyclopegic
CHAT
cyclopentolate
homatropine
atropine
tropicamide
48
antimuscarinic bronchodilators
SAMA: ipratropium, oxytropium
LAMA: UGAT
umeclinidium
glycopyrronium
aclinidium
tioropium (spiriva)
49
other antimuscarinics:
M1 blocker: Pirenzepine, Telenzepine
M3 blocker: hyoscine
centrally acting: scopolamine, BBT
50
antinicotinic
NCRare
DINSux
51
eicosanoid analogues
PGE1: misoprostol, alprostadil
PGE2: dinoprostone
PGF: Latanopost
PGI2: Epoprostenol
52
serotonin drugs
5HT1A: buspirone (p.agonist)
5HT1B/1D: "triptans" (agonist)
5HT2: ergotamine, ergonovine (agonist); methysergide (antagonist)
5HT3: "setrons" (antagonist)
5HT4: tegaserod, cisapride, mosapride (partial agonist); prucalopride (FA)
53
h1 antagonists (1st gen)
ethanolamine: dosylamine, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine
ethyldiamines: pyrilamine, tripelenamine
piperazine: meclizine, hydroxyzine, cyclizine
piperidine: cyproheptadine
thiazide: promethazine
alkyl amines: chlorpheniramine, brompheniramine
54
h1 antagonists (2nd gen)
less sedating/piperazine:
cetirizine, levocetirizine
true non sedating/ piperidine: LDFB
loratadine, desloaratadine, fexofenadine, bilastine
55
h2 receptor antagonists
cimetidine (imidazole)
ranitidine (furan)
famotidine (thiazole)
nizatidine (thiazole)
56
NSAIDS
NON SELECTIVE
Aspirin
derivatives:
pyrazolone: phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone, sulfinpyrazone
indole: indomethacin
Pyrole: tolmetin
oxicam: peroxicam
phenylacetic acid: ketorolac, diclofenac, nabumetone
fenamates: mefenamic acid
propionic: ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen
SELECTIVE: meloxicam, -coxib
57
opioid detoxification
MBC
methadone
buprenorphine
clonidine
58
opioid drugs
FULL AGONISTS:
strong: MMMFL morphine, meperidine, fentanyl, levoprhanol/methadone
weak: CD codeine, diphenoxylate
PARTIAL AGONISTS: PNBB
pentazocine nalbuphine, buprenorphine, butarphanol
ANTAGONISTS: N orphan
naloxone, naltrexon, nalorphine, levallorphan
59
chronic grout drugs
URATE LOWERING THERAPY
xanthine oxidase (-): allopurinol, febuxostat
recombinant uricase: peglotticase
URICOSURIC AGX:
probenecid
sulfinpyrazone
penicillamine
60
non biologicals for rheumatoid
CHAMPS
Calcineurin inh: cyclosporine, tacrolimus
Hydroxychloroquine
Azathioprine
Methotrexate
Purine & pyrimidine syn inh: mycophenolate mofetil (purine), leflunomide (pyrimidine)
Sirolimus
Sulfasalazine
61
biologics for rheumatoid
TITA J
TNF inh: adalimumab, infliximab, etanercept
Interleukin ant.: Tocilizumab (IL-6), Anakinra (OL-1)
Tcell costimulation blocker: abatercept
anti-CD20: rituximab
Janus jinase inh: tofacitinib
62
anticoagulants
DIRECT THROMBIN INH
hirudin and lepirudin
bivalirudin
argatroban
dabigatran
INDIRECT THROMBIN INH
heparin, warfarin
Novel, direct Xa inh: apixaban, rivaroxaban
63
antiplatelets
txa2 inh: aspirin
ADP inh:
thienopyridine: clopidogrel, ticlopidine
nonTP: ticagrelor
PDE inh: cilostazol, dipyridamole
glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inh: ATE
abciximab, tirofiban, eptifibatide
64
fibrinoolytic
streptokinase (MI)
tissue plasminogen activator (ischemic):
aletplase, reteplase, tenecteplase
urokinase - produced in kidneys
65
prothrombotics
vit K:
k1 - phytomenadione
k2- menaquinone
k3 - menadione
amino caproic acid analogue: tranexamic acid
serine protease inh: aprotinin (for CABG)
66
diuretics
carbonic anhydrase inh:
BAD zolamide + dichlorphenamide
loop diuretics: FunToBE
sulfonamide- furosemide, torsemide, bumetanide
phenoxyacetate- ethacrynic acid
thiazide: CHIC
true- hydrochlorothiazide
thiazide like- metolozone, indapamide, chlorthalidone
k-sparing: SEAT
aldosterone ant- spironolactone, eplerinone
epithelian Na inh: amiloride, triamterene
osmotic: SUM mannitol
67
antilipidemic drugs
hmg-coa reductase:
short acting - simvastatin, lovastatin (prodrugs); the rest are not prodrugs
long acting - rosuvastatin, atorvastatin
fibric acid deriv: gemfibrozil, fenofibrate, clofibrate
nicotinic acid: niacin
bile acid sequestrants: cholestyramine, cholestipol, colasevelam
ezetimibe
pcsk-9 inh (destroy ldl R) - evalocumab, aliracumab
CETP inh - tor/anacetrapib
68
GnRH
hypothalamic
pulsatile intermittent: + feedback
sustained/continuous: - feedback
agonist: "-relin", leoprolide
antagonist: "-relix"
69
prolactin drugs
anterior pituitary/ adenohypophysis
hyperprolactinemia: d2 agonists (bromocriptine)
70
growth hormone
somatotropin (anterior pituitary/ adenohypophysis)
deficiency: somatotrpin, mecasermin
excess:
somatostatin analogues (ocreotide, lanreotide)
pegvisomant
71
oxytocin
posterior pituitary/ neurohypophysis
agonist: oxytocin
antagonist: atosiban
72
vasopressin
posterior pituitary/ neurohypophysis
deficiency: diabetes insipidus
-central: vasopressin (nonselective), desmopressin (v2 selective)
- nephrogenic: thiazide diuretics
excess: SIADH
-non selective: conivaptan, lithium, demeclocycline
- selective: tolvaptan, lixivaptan
73
thyroid
hypo: levothyroxin, liothyronine, liotrix
hyper:
anion inh - perchlorate, pertechnate, thiocyanate
iodides - SSKI, lugols
radioactive/RAI - I 131
bblockers - propanolol, carvedilol
dexamethasone
74
mineralocorticoids
adrenal cortex (glomerulosa)
hyperalodosteronism: spironolactone, aplerinone
hypoaldosteronism: fludrocortisone
75
glucocorticoids
adrenal cortex (fasciculata)
short acting:
hydrocortisone, cortisone
prednisone, prednisolone
meprednisone, meprednisolone
intermediate: triamcinolone, paramethasone, fluocinolone
long: betamethasone, dexamethasone
76
diabetes mellitus
INSULINE SECRETAGOGUES
sulfonyl ureas:
chlorpropamide, tolbutamide, tolazamide, acetohexamide
G drugs
meglitinides: "glinide"
biguanides: metformin
thiazolidinediones: "glitazone"
a glucosidase inh: acarbose, voglibose
sglpt2 inh: "gliflozin"
amylin analogue: pramlintide
INCRETIN BASED
glp1 agonist: exenitide, liraglutide "tide"
dpp4 inh: "gliptins"
77
progesterone/ estrogen
GnRH analgoues: relin
(+) FSH LH: clomiphene citrate
(-) FSH LH: danazol, OCP
ovary:
mifeprestone
aromatic inh: anastrazole, letrozole, exemestane
SERMs: tamoxifen, raloxifene
78
androgen
5 alpha reductase inh: finasteride, dutasteride
androgen receptor blocker:
bicalutamide, flutamide
cyproterone acetate
others: cimetidine, spironolactone
79
Gastrointestinal
CONSTIPATION
cl ch 2 activator: lubiprostone
opioid receptor antag: methyl naltrexone, alvimopan
IBS
anticholinergic: dicyclomine, hyoscyamine
5HT3 antagonist: alosetron
Cl ch 2 activator: lubiprostone
IBD:
corticosteroid: hydrocort, prednisolone
aminosalicylates: sulfasalazine, mesalamine, balsalazide
80
antipsychotics/major tranquilizers
FIRST GEN
phenothiazines
-aliphatic: chlopromazine
-piperazine: fluphenazine
-piperidine: thioridazine
thioxanthine: thiothixene
butyrephenone: "-peridol"
2ND GEN
clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, ziprasidone, aripiprazole, molindone (dihydoindoline), amisulpride
81
depression
TCA: -triptylline, -pramine
SSRI: fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, setraline, citalopram, escitalopram
SNRI: venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, milnacipran
MAOI: MPIT
Misc: bupropion, mirtazapine, amoxapine, maprotilline,
trazodone, mefazodone (5HT2A antag)
82
antimanic
lithium
inc lithium: ANTS
dec lithium: AXOS
83
sedative/hypnotics
BZD (TOM TALE)
BRB (ultra short TTM, short, intermediate, long)
zolpidem, zaleplon, escopiclone
busiprone
orexin antag ("-rexant")
melatonin agonist ("-melteon")
84
parkinsons
dec ACh: BBT
inc Dopa:
levodopa
d2 agonists
selegiline
apomorphine
amantadine - livedo reticularis
85
antiseizure newer agantes
inc GABA:
vigabatrin, felbamate, tiagabine
block Na Ca, inc gaba, dec glutamine:
lamotrigine
inh Na: topiramate
unknown: gabapentin, pregabalin
86
anesthetics
inhalational: NDSIEHM
IV misc: etomidate (no analgesia)
Local
ester
- long: tatracaine
-short: procaine
-surface: benzocaine, cocaine
amide
-long: bupivacaine, ropivacaine
-medium: lidocaine
87
anticancer chemo therapy
DIRECT ACTING
a. alkylators (S phase)
b. antitumor antibiotics (G2)
- mycin/rubicin
- mitoxantrone
c. topoisomerase inh (G2)
- I - campothecin ("tecans")
- II - podophyllotoxins ("toposide")
INDRECT ACTING (M phase)
a. antimetabolites (S phase)
b. antimitotic - taxanes, vinca
88
anticancer alkylators
N mustards: cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide
cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin
mechlorethamine - 1st antiCA
chlorambucil - CLL
carmustine (BCNU), lomustine (CCNU) - brain CA
bendmustine
melphalan, busulfan
pro/dacarbazine, temozolomide - methylates DNA
altretamin - ovarian CA
89
ganglionic blockers
MTH (withdrawn)
mecamylamine
trimetaphan
hexamethonium
90
triple response of lewis
hypersensitivity after stroking skin using a sharp object
(+) red line
(+) wheal
(+) flare
91
samster's triad
ASA-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD)
ASA allergy
nasal polyps
asthma
92
opioid toxicity triad
CPR
coma
pinpoint pupils
respiratory depression
93
drugs that inh dopa synthesis
metyrsosine: (-) TOH
carbidopa, benzesoride: (-) decarboxylase
disulfiram: (-) dopamine b hydroxylase
94
b3 agonist
mirabegron
95
for MI
MONAAT
96
antiarrhythmic
IA- DQP
IB- LMTP (best for post-MI)
IC- MFP (CI in post-MI)
II- PEA (Cin in copd)
III- A Big Dog Is Scary
IV- CCB
97
alcoholism withdrawal
chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
BZD
98
panic attack
alprazolam (Xanax)
BZD
99
tourette's
molindone
2nd gen antipsychotic (dihydroindoline)
100
most common niacin SE
flushing
lipids drugs
101
supraventricular tachycardia doc
adenosine
alt: verapamil
102
for cobra bite
neostigmine
103
alzheimer drugs
1. Glutamic acid inh: Lubeluzole, adenosine
2. NMDA antagonist: memantine
3. AChE inh: Don, Riva, Gala Ta
4. Targacept - nueronal nicotinic modulator
104
huntingtons disease
low GABA, high DOPA
haloperidol, ropinirole(?)
105
concentration dependent antibiotics
QuAAMet PolyDap
quniolones
aminoglycosides, azithromycin
metronidazole
polymyxin b, daptomycin
106
chemoprotectants
dexazosone - anthracycline cardiotoxicity
amifostine - cisplatin nephro/ototoxicity
MESNA - cyclophophomide cystitis
glucarpidase, leucovorin - methotrexate mucositis/nephrotoxicity
107
respi drugs
DOC relievers for BA - SABA
DOC relievers for COPD - SAMA
108
ester anesthetics with 2 i
isobucaine
cyclomethicaine
piperocaine
109
local anesthetics characteristics
amiphiphilic
weak bases
na ch blockers
syn, vasodilators, cns/cvs depressants (Except cocaine)
110
drugs that can cause aplastic anemia
chloramphenicol, felbamate, phenylbutazone, inorganic anions
111
drugs that can cause hemolytic anemia
methyldopa, methylene blue, nephthalene, camphor, menthol, soya, sulfa drugs, ASA, acetaminophen, chlopromazine, ibuprofen, interferon a, procainamide, quinidine, rifampin
antibiotics (cephalexin, ceftriaxone, penicillin, ampicillin, methicillin)
