Mental Health Flashcards
(119 cards)
1
Q
s/s of serotonin syndrome
A
fever, muscular rigidity, mental status changes, hyperreflexia, shivering
2
Q
life-threatening idiopathic reaction from typical and atypical antipsychotics
A
malignant neuroleptic syndrome
3
Q
typical and atypical antipsychotics affect this neurotransmitter
A
dopamine
4
Q
s/s of malignant neuroleptic syndrome
A
fever, muscular rigidity, mental status changes, urinary incontinence, changes in BP
5
Q
The Baker Act
A
allows 72 hours of involuntary detention for eval and trx of those who are at high risk of suicide
6
Q
A questionnaire used to evaluate an individual for dementia and confusion
A
MMSE
7
Q
adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics
A
weight gain and DM2
8
Q
olanzapine (Zyprexa)
A
atypical antipsychotic
9
Q
Rispiradone (Risperdal)
A
atypical antipsychotic
10
Q
Quetapine (Seroquel)
A
atypical antipsychotic
11
Q
Haloperidol (Haldol)
A
typical antipsychotic
12
Q
chlorpromazine
A
typical antipsychotic
13
Q
adverse effects of typical antipsychotics
A
elevated lipids
14
Q
Black box warning for typical antipsychotics
A
high risk of death to frail elderly
15
Q
carbamezapine (Tegretol)
A
anticonvulsant
16
Q
Lamotragine (Lamictal)
A
anticonvulsant
17
Q
adverse effect of Lamictal
A
SJS
18
Q
black box warning for SSRIs
A
high risk of suicide ideation, esp in those less than 24
19
Q
bupropion (Wellbutrin)
A
atypical antidepressant
20
Q
bupropion (Wellbutrin) is contraindicated in
A
those with hx of seizures, anorexia, bulimia
21
Q
venlaxafine (Effexor)
A
SNRI
22
Q
duloxetine (Cymbalta)
A
SNRI
23
Q
adverse effects of SNRI
A
can precipitate acute narrow-angle glaucoma
24
Q
Do not combine these SSRIs with this medication as it may increase risk of serotonin syndrome
A
MAOIs
25
antidepressant that is category X
TCA
26
SSRI with the longest half life
fluoxetine (Prozac)
27
This SNRI can trx both depression and neuropathic pain
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
28
side effects of SSRI
weight gain, sexual dysfunction, insomnia
29
SSRIs can induce
manic phase in bipolar patients
30
imipramine (Tofranil)
TCA
31
amitriptyline (Elavil)
TCA
32
nortryptyline (Norpramine)
TCA
33
Phenelzine (Nardil)
MAOIs
34
tranylcypromine (Parnate)
MAOIs
35
Wait until ____ before initiating SSRI or TRCA therapy after use of MAOIs
2 weeks
36
Avoid eating these foods with MAOI
high tyramine foods: beer, chianti wine, aged cheese, fava beans
37
Do not discontinue benzos abruptly because it increase risk of
seizures
38
ultra short acting benzo
IV midazolam (versed)
39
medium acting benzo
alprazolam (xanax), lorazepam (Ativan)
40
long-acting benzo
diazepam (valium), clonazepam (Klonopin), temazepam (Restoril)
41
Depression is due to dysfunction of the neurotransmitters
norepinephrine and serotonin
42
diminished interest or pleasure in all of most activities
anhedonia
43
rule these out before making a diagnosis of depression
anemia, hypothyroidism, B12 deficiency, daibetes
44
Patients taking SSRI with sexual dysfunction
add bupropion
45
drug interactions with St. John's wort
oral contraceptives, SSRI, TCA, MAOI
46
drug interactions with kava kava and valerian root
benzo, hypnotics
47
examples of MMSE
date, location, repeat 3 listed things, count backwards, spell "WORLD" backwards, write a sentence, copy figure
48
impaired MMSE score
less than 24
49
decreases the effectiveness of digoxin
st. john's wort
50
adverse effects of antipsychotics
extrapyramidal symptoms: pill-rolling, shuffling gait, bradykinesia, akinesia
51
inability to initiate movement; can be an adverse effect of antipsychotics
akinesia
52
a strong inner feeling to move, unable to stay still; can be an adverse effect of antipsychotics
akathisia
53
involuntary movements of the lips (smacking), tongue, face, trunk, and extremities
tardive dyskinesia
54
alcohol limit guidelines for americans
women: 1 drink/day; men: 2 drinks/day
55
binge drinking is
more than 5 drinks on a single occasion in males (4 in females)
56
lone elevation of this is a possible sign of alcohol abuse
GGT
57
lab with alcoholic hepatitis
AST is double the level of ALT
58
CAGE questionaire
C: Do you feel the need to CUT down?
A: Are you ANNOYED when people make comments about your drinking?
G: Do you feel GUILTY about your drinking?
E: Do you need to drink EARLY in the morning?
(positive if more than 2/4)
59
Meds for alcoholics
disulfiram (Antabuse), Naltrexone (Vivitrol)
60
side effect of Antabuse
severe N/V, headache
61
s/s of Korsakoff's syndrome
confusion, coma, hypotension
62
trx for Korsakoff's syndrome
high dose thiamine (B1)
63
chronic insomnia is for
more than 3 weeks
64
s/s of anorexia
xerosis, lanugo, peripheral edema, amenorrhea
65
anorexic patients are at high risk of
osteoporosis
66
SSRI with highest side effect of erectile dysfunction
Paxil
67
complications of anorexia
hypotension, bradycardia, mitral valve prolapse
68
s/s of bulimia
normal weight, hypotension, tachycardia, parotid gland swelling, erosion of tooth enamel.
69
bulimia is associated with
diabetes
70
first line medication for bulimia
fluoxetine (Prozac)
71
an illness fabricated by the parent
Munchausen by proxy
72
the reason for hypoactive sexual disorder
low testosterone
73
PDE5 inhibitors
sildenafil (Viagra), vardenafil (Levitra), tadalafil (Cialis)
74
contraindication of those taking PDE5 inhibitors with
nitrates
75
education about Viagra and Levitra
have rapid onset of action and work for a short period of time. best to take on empty stomach; avoid with high fat meal
76
education about tadalafil (Cialis)
long half life; no diet limitations
77
undesirable physical events or experiences that occur during entry in sleep.
parasomnias
78
cocaine is a
stimulant
79
GAD are symptoms of anxiety for more than
6 months
80
s/s of GAD
restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, sleep disturbance
81
problem with discontinuing benzo
rebound insomnia
82
side effects of SSRIs in older adults
hyponatremia, bleeding, osteoporosis, serotonin syndrome
83
TCA carry a high risk of
cardiac dysrythmias
84
s/s of anxiety in adolescents
anger and disobedience
85
s/s of panic disorder
symptoms peak in 10 min with palpitations, sweating, trembling, SOB, nausea, lightheadness
86
first line trx for OCD
exposure and response prevention (CBT)
87
inability to interpret sensory information
agnosia
88
inability to perform purposeful action
apraxia
89
progressive cognitive decline, common in those greater than 60
alzheimer's dementia
90
fluctuating cognition associated with parkinsonism, hallucinations and delusions, gait difficulties, and falls.
Lewy body dementia
91
trx for mild dementia
cholinesterase inhibitors
92
donepezil (Aricept)
cholinesterase inhibitors
93
rivastigmine (Exelon)
cholinesterase inhibitors
94
for moderate to severe dementia
cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine (Namenda), or antipsychotics
95
Neurologic complication of illness and/or medication, especially common in older patients, manifested by new confusion and impaired attention.
delirium
96
impairment of effective social and communication skills
autism
97
s/s of major depressive disorder
symptoms for more than 2 weeks: feeling or worthlessness, depressed mood, loss of interest, weight change, sleep pattern change
98
Major depressive disorder is associated with low levels of
serotonin
99
Major depressive disorder in children is characterized as
irritability
100
dosage for escitalopram (Lexapro)
5-20 mg
101
dosage for citalopram (Celexa)
10-60 mg
102
dosage for sertraline (Zoloft)
50-200 mg
103
dosage for paroxetine (Paxil)
20-60 mg
104
dosage for fluoxetine (Prozac)
10-80 mg
105
SSRI that can be used for also for premenstrual dysphoric disorder
fluoxetine (Prozac)
106
dosage for duloxetine (Cymbalta)
20-60 mg
107
dosage for venlaxafine (Effexor)
75-375 mg
108
dosage for bupropion (Wellbutrin)
200-450 mg
109
defined by one or more manic or mixed episodes during a patient’s lifetime
Bipolar I
110
at least one major depressive episode are met in addition to at least one hypomanic episode.
Bipolar II
111
lab to do before starting on TCA
EKG
112
At least of these symptoms are needed to diagnose with depression
```
SIG E CAPS:
Sleep issues
Interests
Guilt or worthlessness
Energy
Concentration difficulties
Appetite
Psychomotor agitation or irritation
Suicidality
```
113
Anticipatory guidance about SSRI therapy in young to middle age adult
takes 2-4 weeks to see improvement and 6-12 weeks to have relief of symptoms
114
Anticipatory guidance about SSRI therapy in older adult
takes 4-8 weeks to see improvement and 12-16 weeks to have relief of symptoms
115
SSRIs can increase risk of
bleeding, especially if on ASA or blood thinners
116
TCA side effects in elderly
confusion, hallucinations
117
benzos with highest rate of addiction
those with shortest half life: xanax and ativan
118
GABA and serotonin affect
wellbeing, calmness
119
norepinephrine and dopamine affect
productivity, ambition, concentration
